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Objective:To investigate the protective effect of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on triptolide (TP)-induced immunological liver injuries, and explore the relevant mechanisms of action. Methods: A total of 40 female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group,EGCG group,TP group and TP+EGCG group. The ALT levels in serum was examined by Reitman Frankel method. The activity of hepatic MDA,SOD and GSH was examined by spectrophotometry. HE staining was used to observed the changes of the hepatic histopathology. The hepatic IL-17,IL-6 levels was examined by ELISA and the expression of hepatic TLR4 protein was examined by Western blot. Results:The results showed that serum alanine aminotransaminase ( ALT) levels of TP group were obviously elevated (P0. 05). Meanwhile,EGCG could ameliorate hepatic pathological damage. Furthermore,in TP group,the activity of malondialdehyde ( MDA) ,the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) protein and the contentration of hepatic interleukin (IL)-17,IL-6 were higher than normal control group ( P<0. 005 ) . On the contrary, the activity of superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) and restored glutathione ( GSH ) were significantly lower than normal control group ( SOD, P<0. 05;GSH, P<0. 005 ) . In EGCG treatment group, the expression of TLR4 protein and the concentration of MDA,hepatic IL-17 and IL-6 were lower than TP group ( TLR4,P<0. 05;MDA,P<0. 005;IL-17,P<0. 005;IL-6,P<0. 005). On the contrary,SOD and GSH were significantly higher than TP group (SOD,P<0. 05;GSH,P<0. 005). Conclusion:This study suggests that EGCG possesses hepatoprotective effect against TP-induced immunological liver injury through its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant actions.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the chemical constituents of the flower of Zang Epipremnum aureum. METHODS:The con-stituents of ethyl acetate extract of the flower of E. aureum were separated and purified with varied chromatographic techniques, and the structures were identified based on spectral data and chemical properties. RESULTS:Ten compounds were isolated from eth-yl acetate extract of the flower of E. aureum,they were identified as rutamontine(1),edgeworoside C(2),edgeworin(3),tiliro-side (4),helichrysoside (5),kaempferol (6),2,4-dihydroxypheny-2-hydroxy-4-metho-xybenzyl-ketone (7),ethyl caffeate (8), phthalic acid bis-(2-ethyl-hexyl) ester (9) and noreugenin (10). CONCLUSIONS:Compound 7 is firstly isolated from natural source,compounds 5,8 and 9 is firstly isolated from the family Thymelaeaceae,compound 6 is firstly isolated from Edgeworthia and compound 2 and 10 are firstly isolated from the flowers of E. aureum. The study lays certain foundation for the quality evalua-tion of E. aureum.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of minimally invasive therapy for treating intraventricular hemorrhage.Methods The minimally invasive therapy with unilateral or bilateral drainage were received according to quantity and shape of intraventricular hemorrhage.Results It was operated 22 cases with unilateral drainage and 28 cases with bilateral drainage in the 50 cases intraventricular hemorrhage.Death was 3 cases and mortality rate was 6% in the minimally invasive therapy.ADL1 15 cases(30%),ADL2 18 CRSeS(36%),ADL3 8 cases(16%),ADLA4 cases(8%),ADL5 2 cases(4%)in leave hospital.Conclusion Minimal invasive therapy of intraventrieular hemorrhage has great superiority,such as it can operate simple,trauma mild,decrease complications and enhance curative effect.It can generalize in the basic hospital.
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Objective - To analyze the relation between classes and prognosis of the brain.stem hemorrhage.Methods 37 patients with spontaneous brainstem hemorrhage were divided into three groups according to con-sciousness and breathing function: Ⅰ group 13 cases with consciousness; Ⅱ group 11 cases without consciousness; Ⅲgroup 13 cases without consciousness and respiration, according to the classes, using different ways and means. Re-suits Ⅰ group 13 cases survival in 13 cases; Ⅱ group 10 cases survival and 1 case death in 11 cases; Ⅲ group 1 case survival and 12 cases death in 13 eases. Conclusion The classes of the brain.stem hemorrhage is propitious to select therapeutic measure and prognostic estimate. The intensive care and the surgery can reduce mortality rate.
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Objective:To analyze the experience of XU Peng-lin in using medicine in treating chronic gastritis,exploring the method for summarizing the experience of famous TCM practitioner.Methods:Professor Xu's 212 typical cases of chronic gastritis were collected,using related rules and point mutual information to analyze the prescription compatibility for the chronic gastritis.Results:Utilization of 12 kinds of drugs were over 30 percents,includinging Pinellia,dried ginger,mongolian milkvetch root,Medicinal Evodia Immature Fruit,and liquorice root,etc..The common compatibility rules were warming spleen-stomach to eliminat dampness,acridness and sweetness activating yang,sour-sweet herbs nourishing yin,pungency disperses while bitterness descends,application of both cold and heat,and combination of reinforcing and reducing.The basic prescriptions for chronic gastritis used by professor XU were Pinelliae Decoction for Purging Stomach-Fire,Zuojin Pill,Huangqi Jianzhong Decoction.Conclusion:Harmonizing yin and yang,reinforcing deficiency and reducing the excess,regulating the activities of qi,harmonizing zang and fu organs were the treatment for chronic gastritis by professor XU,which provided the methodological reference toTCM in treating the chronic gastritis.
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AIM: To compare the cytotoxic effect of evodiamine with chemotherapy drugs on A375-S2 cells, and to examine the relationship between the effects of PKC and ERK on evodiamine-induced cell death. METHODS: MTT assay and Western blot analysis were applied. RESULTS: Compared to actinomycin D, cisplatin and 5-FU, evodiamine showed less cytotoxic effects on A375-S2 cells, but it induced more significant inhibition of proliferation in A375-S2 cells incubated with evodiamine for 24 h, followed by continuous culture in drug-free medium. The activation of PKC induced by 10 ?g?L -1 PMA partially blocked evodiamine-induced cell death, which was reversed by PKC and ERK inhibitors. Moreover, evodiamine down-regulated the expressions of ERK and phosphorylated ERK. CONCLUSION: Evodiamine has a strong inhibitory influence on proliferation of A375-S2 cells, even after removal of evodiamine. Evodiamine blocks the protective role of ERK to A375-S2 cells through the downregulation of ERK and phosphorylated ERK expression. [
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AIM: To observe the dynamic alteration of myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate(MARCKS) mRNA expression in rat hippocampus with acute multi-cerebral infarction,and discuss the relationship between the alteration of hippocampus MARCKS gene and ischemia damage.METHODS: The acute multi-cerebral infarction model was established by method of Kaneko.Neurological function deficits were evaluated in the behavior test.The consequences of cerebral ischemic damage were examined by histopathological analyses.The MARCKS mRNA expression was measured by semi-quantitative PCR.RESULTS: The rats in acute multi-cerebral infarction group showed different level changes of neurological function deficits.The hippocampus damage of histopathology became significant 24h after ischemia.At the same time,the MARCKS mRNA expression was upregulated at the area of rats hippocampus during ischemia,and its overexpression started 1h after ischemia,and reached maximum7d after ischemia.CONCLUSION: MARCKS mRNA of rat hippocampus overexpresses during acute cerebral ischemia.This MARCKS mRNA overexpression is related with hippocampus ischemia damage.