Medicine+information: Exploring patent applications in precision therapy in cardiac surgery / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Currently, in precision cardiac surgery, there are still some pressing issues that need to be addressed. For example, cardiopulmonary bypass remains a critical factor in precise surgical treatment, and many core aspects still rely on the experience and subjective judgment of cardiopulmonary bypass specialists and surgeons, lacking precise data feedback. With the increasing elderly population and rising surgical complexity, precise feedback during cardiopulmonary bypass becomes crucial for improving surgical success rates and facilitating high-complexity procedures. Overcoming these key challenges requires not only a solid medical background but also close collaboration among multiple interdisciplinary fields. Establishing a multidisciplinary team encompassing professionals from the medical, information, software, and related industries can provide high-quality solutions to these challenges. This article shows several patents from a collaborative medical and electronic information team, illustrating how to identify unresolved technical issues and find corresponding solutions in the field of precision cardiac surgery while sharing experiences in applying for invention patents.

Research on classification of Korotkoff sounds phases based on deep learning / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To recognize the different phases of Korotkoff sounds through deep learning technology, so as to improve the accuracy of blood pressure measurement in different populations. Methods     A classification model of the Korotkoff sounds phases was designed, which fused attention mechanism (Attention), residual network (ResNet) and bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM). First, a single Korotkoff sound signal was extracted from the whole Korotkoff sounds signals beat by beat, and each Korotkoff sound signal was converted into a Mel spectrogram. Then, the local feature extraction of Mel spectrogram was processed by using the Attention mechanism and ResNet network, and BiLSTM network was used to deal with the temporal relations between features, and full-connection layer network was applied in reducing the dimension of features. Finally, the classification was completed by SoftMax function. The dataset used in this study was collected from 44 volunteers (24 females, 20 males with an average age of 36 years), and the model performance was verified using 10-fold cross-validation. Results     The classification accuracy of the established model for the 5 types of Korotkoff sounds phases was 93.4%, which was higher than that of other models. Conclusion     This study proves that the deep learning method can accurately classify Korotkoff sounds phases, which lays a strong technical foundation for the subsequent design of automatic blood pressure measurement methods based on the classification of the Korotkoff sounds phases.

An interpretable machine learning method for heart beat classification / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To explore the application of Tsetlin Machine (TM) in heart beat classification. Methods    TM was used to classify the normal beats, premature ventricular contraction (PVC) and supraventricular premature beats (SPB) in the 2020 data set of China Physiological Signal Challenge. This data set consisted of the single-lead electro-cardiogram data of 10 patients with arrhythmia. One patient with atrial fibrillation was excluded, and finally data of the other 9 patients were included in this study. The classification results were then analyzed. Results    The classification results showed that the average recognition accuracy of TM was 84.3%, and the basis of classification could be shown by the bit pattern interpretation diagram. Conclusion    TM can explain the classification results when classifying heart beats. The reasonable interpretation of classification results can increase the reliability of the model and facilitate people's review and understanding.

Progress on the relationship between consumption of added sugar and incidence of gynecologic cancer / 公共卫生与预防医学

Globally, gynecological malignancies are common types of female cancer and the main cause of cancer death among women. Cervical cancer, endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer, which are the main types of gynecological cancers, pose a significant threat to women's health worldwide. Studies have shown that diet plays an important role in the occurrence and development of gynecological cancers such as cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, and ovarian cancer, for which added sugar may be an influencing factor due to its food source characteristic and related biological effect. However, this paper reviewed the research progress on the relationship between consumption of added sugar and gynecological cancers such as endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer and cervical cancer, with a view to providing a reference for the active prevention of gynecological cancer.

Application of electronic bronchoscope in 65 children with congential tracheoesophageal fistula during perioperative period / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective:To explore the value and risk of electronic bronchoscope applied in perioperative management of children with congential tracheoesophageal fistula.Methods:Sixty-five children with congential tracheoesophageal fistula performed electronic bronchoscope examination from September 2014 to November 2020 were enrolled in this study.The results of examination and complications were analyzed.Results:Sixty-three children with congenital tracheoesophageal fistula were diagnosed by electronic bronchoscopy.The diagnosis rate was 96.92%.Fifty-four children with congenital tracheoesophageal fistula were diagnosed by esophagography.The diagnosis rate was 91.53%.Sixty-one children with congenital tracheoesophageal fistula were diagnosed by multislice spiral computed tomography.The diagnosis rate was 93.85%.Airway anatomic abnormity was found in 27 children, including three cases of nasopharyngeal soft tissue collapse, 14 cases of laryngomalacia, five cases of tracheal stenosis, nine cases of tracheobronchomalacia, and nine cases of tracheobronchial and abnormal opening of the bronchus.The incidence was 41.54%.Three children with difficult ventilator weaning were related to tracheobronchial stenosis or tracheobronchomalacia.They were gradually weaning from ventilator after a long period of mechanical ventilation and treatment.Two children with transient decrease in oxygen saturation were noticed as complication.Conclusion:Electronic bronchoscopy is a safe and effective method for the diagnosis of congenital tracheoesophageal fistula and recurrence after operation.It is of great value to the airway management after operation by early detection of respiratory anatomic abnormity.