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Objective@#To evaluate the epidemiologic characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhejiang province between 2009 and 2017, so that scientific evidence could be provided for prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease.@*Methods@#Spatial, temporal and population distribution of HFMD was analyzed. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase cain reaction was used to test Enterovirus A71 and Coxsackievirus A16 in samples.@*Results@#Between 2009 and 2017, 1 108 093 HFMD cases were reported in Zhejiang with the prevalence of 226.24/100000; 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016 had a higher prevalence than other years. Prevalence of HFMD peaked in April-July and September-October. Wenzhou, Taizhou and Ningbo had a higher prevalence than other cities. In total, 69.27% cases were children who were not enrolled in nursery school, and 65.67% were 1-3 years old. Pathogen surveillance showed that EV-A71 decreased in mild cases, whereas other enterovirus increased. However EV-A71 was still predominant in severe and fatal cases (56.0%).@*Conclusions@#Temporal and spatial distribution of HFMD is characteristic in Zhejiang province. EV-A71 predominated in severe cases and fatal cases, while other enterovirus (non-EV-A71, non CV-A16) were the main pathogen for mild cases.
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Objective@#To investigate the clinical value of serum adiponectin in patients with preeclampsia and its relationship with insulin resistance.@*Methods@#From May 2017 to May 2018, 80 cases of preeclampsia diagnosed and treated in obstetrics department of the Second People′s Hospital of Liaocheng were selected in the research.According to the severity of the disease, they were divided into severe preeclampsia group and mild preeclampsia group, with 40 cases in each group, and 40 healthy pregnant women in the same period were selected as the control group.The serum adiponectin level and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were detected and compared among the groups, and the correlation between them was analyzed.@*Results@#The serum adiponectin and HOMA-IR in the severe preeclampsia group were (5.08 ±1.13)mg/L, (3.08 ±1.54), respectively, which in the mild preeclampsia group were (6.55±1.46)mg/L, (2.62±1.34), respectively, which in the control group were (11.67±3.53)mg/L, (1.13±0.53), respectively.there were statistically significant difference among the three groups (all P<0.05). The serum adiponectin level in the severe preeclampsia group was lower than that in the mild preeclampsia group and control group(P<0.05), and the HOMA-IR in the severe preeclampsia group was higher than that in the mild preeclampsia group and control group (P<0.05). The serum adiponectin level in the mild preeclampsia group was lower than that in the control group, and the HOMA-IR was higher than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The serum adiponectin level of preeclampsia patients with insulin resistance was (4.89±1.25)mg/L, which was significantly lower than that of non-insulin resistance patients[(6.78±1.75)mg/L], and the difference was statistically significant (t=6.254, P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum adiponectin level was negatively correlated with HOMA-IR (r=-0.617, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The serum adiponectin level and insulin resistance index of preeclampsia patients are significantly decreased, and there is a significant negative correlation between them.
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Objective To investigate the clinical value of serum adiponectin in patients with preeclampsia and its relationship with insulin resistance.Methods From May 2017 to May 2018,80 cases of preeclampsia diagnosed and treated in obstetrics department of the Second People′s Hospital of Liaocheng were selected in the research.According to the severity of the disease , they were divided into severe preeclampsia group and mild preeclampsia group,with 40 cases in each group ,and 40 healthy pregnant women in the same period were selected as the control group.The serum adiponectin level and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were detected and compared among the groups,and the correlation between them was analyzed.Results The serum adiponectin and HOMA -IR in the severe preeclampsia group were ( 5.08 ±1.13 ) mg／L, ( 3.08 ±1.54 ), respectively, which in the mild preeclampsia group were (6.55 ±1.46)mg／L,(2.62 ±1.34),respectively,which in the control group were (11.67 ± 3.53)mg／L,(1.13 ±0.53),respectively.there were statistically significant difference among the three groups (all P＜0.05).The serum adiponectin level in the severe preeclampsia group was lower than that in the mild preeclampsia group and control group (P＜0.05),and the HOMA-IR in the severe preeclampsia group was higher than that in the mild preeclampsia group and control group (P＜0.05).The serum adiponectin level in the mild preeclampsia group was lower than that in the control group ,and the HOMA-IR was higher than that in the control group ,the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).The serum adiponectin level of preeclampsia patients with insulin resistance was (4.89 ±1.25) mg／L, which was significantly lower than that of non -insulin resistance patients [( 6.78 ± 1.75)mg／L],and the difference was statistically significant ( t ＝6.254, P ＜0.05 ).Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum adiponectin level was negatively correlated with HOMA -IR (r＝-0.617,P＜0.05).Conclusion The serum adiponectin level and insulin resistance index of preeclampsia patients are significantly decreased , and there is a significant negative correlation between them.
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Human infections with novel avian influenza A(H7N9)virus was an emerging infectious disease discovered in March, 2013. As of June30, 2016, 770 cases of H7N9 were reported in worldwide including 315 deaths with 40.9% of high case fatality rate. Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta were the high-prevalence area. Formerly, the cases of H7N9 were concentrated on the municipalities. However, most of the case-patients were from smaller cities or rural areas nowadays. The H7N9 human infections mainly occurred in winter and spring every waves as similar as seasonal and H5N1 human infections. Middle aged and old (the median age was 61 years) male patients were occupied the large proportion among the cases of H7N9. In addition, the phenomenon of the limited and unsustained human-to-human transmission were existed. At present, the 4 major epidemic waves had happened and human infections with novel avian influenza A (H7N9) virus could be outbreak regularly in China. In this paper, the pathogenic characteristics and disease distribution of H7N9 influenza A viruses were elaborated, with both transmission factors and control measures, which were helpful to provide the scientific evidence for prevention and control in H7N9avian influenza epidemic.
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Objective: To investigate the colorectal tumor formation and metastasis of circulating tumor cells in nude mice. Methods: Human colorectal cancer HCT116-luc cells labeled with luciferase were implanted between the mucosa and the base of the cecum wall in nude mice. The circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood in nude mice were screened by epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) immunomagnetic beads. The EpCAM-positive (EpCAM+) cells and the EpCAM-negative (EpCAM) cells were injected into the tail vein of the nude mice, respectively, then the tumor formation and the metastases in lung and liver in nude mice were observed. Results: The orthotopic transplanted tumor model of colorectal cancer in nude mice was successfully constructed. The tumor formation rate of EpCAM+circulating tumor cells in nude mice was 90%, the metastasis rates in lung and liver were 60% and 40%, respectively, and the metastasis rate in both liver and lung was 35%. There was no tumor formation of EpCAM circulating tumor cells in nude mice and also no metastasis occurred. The tumor formation rate and the metastasis rate between EpCAM+ and EpCAM groups had statistical differences (all P < 0.01). Conclusion: The tumor formation of EpCAM+ circulating tumor cells in nude mice is good, and the tumor prones to metastasis.
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Objective To analyse and understand the main reasons for cesarean section,in order to reduce the rate of cesarean section. Methods Clinical analysis was performed in 6781 patients who underwent cesarean section from January 2004 to December 2008. Results ①Cesarean section rate was increasing from 2004 to 2008, which was 32. 00% (840/2625) , 35. 00% (966/2760) , 39. 08% (1186/3035), 45. 98% (1669/3630) and 51. 88% (2120/4086) .respectively. Compared to 2004, the cesarean section rate in 2008 increased significantly (P <0.01). ②The proportion of the main cesarean section indications changed, the proportion of social factors ,fetal factors and maternal factors were increasing gradually. Cephatopelvic disproportion in 2008 decreased significantly compared to that in 2004(x2 = 194. 805 ,P <0. 01). There was significent difference in each indication from 2004 to 2008. Conclusions The cesarean section rate has increased due to medical reasons and social reasons. To ensure the safety of the mothers and children, vaginal delivery should be adopted as far as possible. The cesarean section without medical indication should be prohibited.
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Objective To analyze clinical management and outcomes of perinatal fetuses born in triplet and multiple pregnancy.Methods Data of clinical management and outcomes of 55 perinatal fetuses born during 1996 to 2005 by women with triplet and multiple pregnancy were analyzed retrospectively.Results Antenatal check-up was performed regularly for 1/6 of those pregnant women during 1996 to 2000,as compared to that of 8/11 during 2001 to 2005(P<0.05).No significant difference in incidence of varied obstetric complications was found between those during 1996 to 2000 and during 2001 to 2005.Average gestational week at birth was(32.7±2.8)and(35.1±1.9)weeks(P<0.05),and averagebirth weight was(1561±471)grams and(1987±453)grams(P<0.01),respectively for them during 1996 to 2000 and during 2001 to 2005.Caesarean section was performed more for the pregnant women in the earlier first five years than in the later five years,but not reaching statistical significance.Incidence of neonatal complications significantly decreased in the later five years than that in the earlier five yeats,including hyaline membrane disease,neonatal asphyxia,infectious diseases,intracranial hemorrhage and pulmonary hemorrhage(P<0.05),but difference in incidence of apnea and low body temperature between the earlier and later five years did not reach statistical significance.Perinantal mortality was 8 in 35 births in the later five years,as compared to that of 12 in 20 births in earlier five years(P<0.01).Conclusions Outcomes of perinatal fetuses in triplet and multiple pregnancy can be improved by combined action of obstetricians and pediatricians,including regular antenatal examination,active prevention and treatment for pregnant complications and preterm infant diseases,earlier admission waiting for delivery to prolong gestational weeks and increase birth weight,and applying antenatal dexamethasone therapy.