ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the method of three-dimensional reconstruction of fetal bilateral renal artery and its application value of three-dimensional visualization model.Methods One case of 31 weeks fresh fetal bilateral kidney specimens was infused with epoxy resin-titanium dioxide and then casted.Obtained the original two-dimensional CT image data sets through CT thin layer scanning of the casting mold.Reconstructed the three-dimensional model of fetal bilateral renal artery with the Mimics 17.0 software, and the model was compared with the casting mold specimen.Results The casting mold specimen of fetal bilateral renal artery clearly showed the shallow blood vessels, but it was difficult to observe the deep renal arteries.On the contrary,the three-dimensional model of fetal bilateral renal artery could help to observe and measure the deep renal arteries accurately,but it failed to show the shallow blood vessels clearly.Conclusion Based on the advantage of the three-dimensional model fetal bilateral renal artery and casting mold specimens,the direction and distribution of fetal bilateral renal arteries could be displayed with stereoscopic multi-level through the combination of virtual and reality,which may provide a reliable morphological data for anatomy teaching and fetal basic medical research information.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to tumorigenesis by acting as either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-145 in the pathogenesis of uveal melanoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Expression profiles of miRNAs in uveal melanoma were performed using Agilent miRNA array. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to screen the expression levels of miR-145 in normal uveal tissue, uveal melanoma tissue, and uveal melanoma cell lines. Lenti-virus expression system was used to construct MUM-2B and OCM-1 cell lines with stable overexpression of miR-145. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, and cell apoptosis of these miR-145 overexpression cell lines were examined by MTT assay and flow cytometry respectively. The target genes of miR-145 were predicted by bioinformatics and confirmed using a luciferase reporter assay. The expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) proteins was determined by Western blotting analysis. IRS-1 was knocked down in OCM-1 cells. TUNEL, BrdU, and flow cytometry assay were performed in IRS-1 knocked down OCM-1 cell lines to analyze its function.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Forty-seven miRNAs were up regulated in uveal melanoma and 61 were down regulated. miR-145 expression was significantly lower in uveal melanoma sample and the cell lines were compared with normal uveal sample. Overexpression of miR-145 suppressed cell proliferation by blocking the G1 phase entering S phase in uveal melanoma cells, and promoted uveal melanoma cell apoptosis. IRS-1 was identified as a potential target of miR-145 by dual luciferase reporter assay. Knocking down of IRS-1 had similar effect as overexpression of miR-145.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>miR-145 might act as a tumor suppressor in uveal melanoma, and downregulation of the target IRS-1 might be a potential mechanism.</p>