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Objective:To study the epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal aggregation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Shandong Province, and to provide reference for formulating reasonable prevention and control strategies.Methods:Retrospective analysis was used to collect HFRS surveillance data and confirmed case data in Shandong Province from 2017 to 2020 in the "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System Infectious Disease Surveillance System". Geoda 1.18 software was used for global and local spatial autocorrelation analysis, SaTScan 9.6 software was used for spatio-temporal scanning analysis, and ArcGis 10.7 software was used for map drawing and visual display.Results:A total of 3 753 cases of HFRS were reported in Shandong Province from 2017 to 2020, including 56 deaths. The annual incidence rate was 1.26/100 000, 1.22/100 000, 0.75/100 000 and 0.53/100 000, respectively, with an average annual incidence rate of 0.94/100 000. The incidence of HFRS was obviously seasonal, mainly concentrated in autumn and winter from October to December, accounting for 50.41% (1 892/3 753). The age of onset was mainly 30-59 years old, accounting for 61.68% (2 315/3 753). The male to female ratio was 2.76 ∶ 1.00 (2 756 ∶ 997). The occupation distribution was mainly farmers, accounting for 81.99% (3 077/3 753). The global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that HFRS showed spatial aggregation areas in each year from 2017 to 2020 (Moran' I = 0.38, 0.33, 0.59, 0.46, Z = 7.47, 7.23, 10.69, 8.66, P < 0.001). The local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that "high-high" aggregation areas were mainly concentrated in central and southeast of Shandong Province, while "low-low" aggregation areas were mainly concentrated in northwest of Shandong Province. Spatio-temporal scanning analysis revealed 1 type Ⅰ agglomerations and 2 type Ⅱ aggregation areas. The type Ⅰ aggregation areas occurred from October to November 2018, covering 22 counties (districts) of 5 cities in Qingdao, Yantai, Weifang, Weihai and Rizhao. The first type Ⅱ aggregation area occurred from October to November 2017, involving 23 counties (districts) of 8 cities in Jinan, Zibo, Zaozhuang, Weifang, Jining, Tai 'an, Rizhao and Linyi. The second type Ⅱ aggregation area occurred in Jinxiang County, Jining City from February to March 2017. Conclusion:The incidence of HFRS in Shandong Province from 2017 to 2020 has obvious spatio-temporal aggregation, and the hot spots are concentrated in central and southeast of Shandong Province, which should be regarded as a key area for prevention and control of HFRS.
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BACKGROUND@#Blood glucose control is closely related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prognosis. This multicenter study aimed to investigate blood glucose control among patients with insulin-treated T2DM in North China and explore the application value of combining an elastic network (EN) with a machine-learning algorithm to predict glycemic control.@*METHODS@#Basic information, biochemical indices, and diabetes-related data were collected via questionnaire from 2787 consecutive participants recruited from 27 centers in six cities between January 2016 and December 2017. An EN regression was used to address variable collinearity. Then, three common machine learning algorithms (random forest [RF], support vector machine [SVM], and back propagation artificial neural network [BP-ANN]) were used to simulate and predict blood glucose status. Additionally, a stepwise logistic regression was performed to compare the machine learning models.@*RESULTS@#The well-controlled blood glucose rate was 45.82% in North China. The multivariable analysis found that hypertension history, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease history, exercise, and total cholesterol were protective factors in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) control, while central adiposity, family history, T2DM duration, complications, insulin dose, blood pressure, and hypertension were risk factors for elevated HbA1c. Before the dimensional reduction in the EN, the areas under the curve of RF, SVM, and BP were 0.73, 0.61, and 0.70, respectively, while these figures increased to 0.75, 0.72, and 0.72, respectively, after dimensional reduction. Moreover, the EN and machine learning models had higher sensitivity and accuracy than the logistic regression models (the sensitivity and accuracy of logistic were 0.52 and 0.56; RF: 0.79, 0.70; SVM: 0.84, 0.73; BP-ANN: 0.78, 0.73, respectively).@*CONCLUSIONS@#More than half of T2DM patients in North China had poor glycemic control and were at a higher risk of developing diabetic complications. The EN and machine learning algorithms are alternative choices, in addition to the traditional logistic model, for building predictive models of blood glucose control in patients with T2DM.
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Objective:To explore the technical advantages of MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) with single breath holding high parallel acquisition factor 3-D variable flip angle fast spin echo (3D-SPACE) sequence.Methods:From November 2018 to March 2019, 75 patients who underwent MRCP examination in our hospital were prospectively enrolled, with single breath holding high parallel acquisition factor 3D-SPACE sequence and free breathing navigation gated 3D-SPACE sequence. Three experienced radiologists scored the overall image quality, artifacts, CBD visibility, left and right hepatic ducts, right anterior and posterior branches, second and third branches, main pancreatic duct and gallbladder duct with four scales. Paired t test was used for statistical analysis. Results:The scanning time of single breath holding method (18 s) was significantly shorter than that of free breathing diaphragm navigation method［264（226，313）s］, and the difference between the two methods was statistically significant ( Z=-7.520， P<0.001). The SNR, CR and CNR (8.31±4.23, 0.92±0.30, 11.46±5.77) of single breath holding method were lower than those of free breathing diaphragm navigation method (11.23±5.70, 0.93±0.38, 15.06±7.37), and the differences between the two methods were also statistically significant ( t=4.378, 3.429, 4.063, P<0.05). The overall image quality, artifact, the CBD, left and right hepatic duct, right anterior and posterior branchs, the second and third branches, main pancreatic duct and cystic duct of single breath holding method were higher than those of free breathing diaphragm navigation method, and the differences between the two methods were statistically significant ( P<0.001). Conclusions:Compared with the free breathing diaphragm navigation gated 3D-SPACE MRCP imaging method, the single breath holding high parallel acquisition factor 3D-SPACE MRCP imaging method has less artifacts and examination time, but higher visibility to pancreaticobiliary tree and work efficiency, which is worthy of further promotion.
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Objective@#To investigate the differences of gemstone spectral curve and CT value of gastric cancer with different pathological types and differentiation degrees.@*Methods@#91 cases of preoperative gemstone CT images with gastric cancer were collected, including 24 cases of mucinous carcinoma, 67 cases of non-mucinous carcinoma, 16 cases of signet ring cell carcinoma, 8 cases of mucinous adenocarcinoma, 32 cases of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma and 35 cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Gemstone CT spectral imaging was performed preoperatively, and the spectral curve of the lesion in venous phase was obtained by using GSI Viewer software, the slope of the curve was calculated, and 11 monoenergetic CT values of 40~140 keV (10 keV interval) were measured. The gemstone spectral curves and CT values of gastric cancer with different pathological types and differentiation degrees are compared.@*Results@#The curve slopes of non-mucinous carcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma were -1.92±0.53, -1.73±0.37 and -2.14±0.54, respectively. The absolute values were higher than those of mucinous carcinoma (-1.45±0.54), mucinous adenocarcinoma (-0.90±0.34) and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (-1.67±0.41), and the differences were all statistically significant (P<0.05). There were significant differences in monoenergetic CT values between mucinous and non-mucinous carcinomas at 40-140 keV (all P<0.05). The former was lower than the latter in different degrees, and the lower the energy, the greater the difference was. There were significant differences in monoenergetic CT values between signet ring cell carcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma at 40-100 keV (all P<0.05); monoenergetic CT values between poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma at 40-90 keV showed statistically significant differences (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Gastric cancer with different pathological types and differentiation degrees have their characteristic spectral curves in venous phase, and the monoenergetic CT values are significantly different at low energy. The spectral curve of gemstone CT may be helpful to evaluate the pathological type and differentiation degree of gastric cancer before operation.
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Objective To explore the causes of secondary drug resistance among HIV infected persons who were receiving antiretroviral therapy in Shandong province,and provide evidence for the improvement of antiretroviral therapy strategy.Methods A case-control study was designed with 1 ∶ 2 matching on case and control groups.Household and face-to-face interview were conducted in October,2015.All the study subjects were screened from both the drug resistant database of antiretroviral therapy of Shandong provincial laboratory and national comprehensive HIV/AIDS database in Shandong.The sample size was estimated as 330 cases including 110 drug resistant and 220 non-drug resistant cases.Subjects were people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) aged 15 or older and received antiretroviral therapy for more than 6 months with records of virus load (VL).Subjects who presented VL above 1 000 copies/ml would receive drug resistance testing.Subjects who were confirmed resistant to with secondary drug,were selected as case group,the rest subjects with non-secondary drug resistance would form the control group.EpiData 3.1 software and SPSS 22.0 software were used to establish a database.Related influencing factors were analyzed with non-conditional stepwise logistic regression model.Results A total of 288 cases were enrolled,including 103 in the case and 185 cases in the control groups,with average age as (37.62 ± 1.06) years and (37.90 ± 0.74)years old,respectively.Most of them were male,married/cohabitant,with education level of junior/senior high school or below and under Han nationality.Results from the multivariate logistic regression model showed that ORs (95％CI) of receiving antiretroviral therapy for 1-3 years,or more than 3 years were equal to 8,80 (3.69-21.00),3.00 (1.20-7.53),compared with receiving antiretroviral therapy less than one year,respectively.OR (95％ CI) of Among the PLWHA that with missing rate above 25.0％ on medication,the OR appeared as 15.41(4.59-51.71),compared with not missing medication.OR (95％ CI) among those who took the medicine themselves was 0.22 (0.07-0.74).Conclusions Factors as duration of treatment,missing rate on medication and taking medicine by oneself were of influence on secondary drug resistance.Other factors as duration on antiretroviral therapy longer than 1 year,missing rate above 25.0％ on medication,were related to the risk on secondary drug resistance.However,if the medicine was taken by oneself,it served as a protective factor for secondary drug resistance.It is necessary to strengthen the intervention and health education programs related to antiretroviral therapy.
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Objective This study aimed to understand the herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) infection and related factors among female drug abusers in the women's compulsory drug rehabilitation center of Shandong province and to provide reference for the prevention and control of HSV-2 in these settings.Methods We screened all of 451 female drug abusers in the women's compulsory drug rehabilitation centers in of Shandong province and conducted a study using both questionnaire investigation and serological tests for HSV-2,HIV and syphilis.We also used EpiData 3.1 software to establish a database and SPSS 20.0 software to conduct the x2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 451 female drug abusers were under study.We noticed that the rates for HSV-2 infection,HIV infection and syphilis infection appeared as 72.1％ (325/451),2.2％ (10/451) and 33.5 ％ (151/451) respectively.Results from univariate analysis showed that factors as:awareness on AIDS,having temporary sex partner after using the drug,having multiple sex partners after using the drug,providing commercial services or having temporary sex practice before being detained,with syphilis infection etc.,were associated with HSV-2 infection.Data from the multivariate analysis showed that the OR (95％CI) value of HSV-2 infection was 2.90 (1.19-7.06) for those who providing commercial service,when comparing to those who did not.Compared to those who did not suffer from syphilis infection,the OR (95％CI) value of HSV-2 infection for those with syphilis infection was 2.75 (1.63-4.63).Conclusions The rate of HSV-2 infection was high in the women's compulsory drug rehabilitation center of Shandong province.We should enhance measures and promote condom use to prevent from HSV-2 and other sexually transmitted diseases among them.
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Objective To explore the causes of secondary drug resistance among HIV infected persons who were receiving antiretroviral therapy in Shandong province,and provide evidence for the improvement of antiretroviral therapy strategy.Methods A case-control study was designed with 1 ∶ 2 matching on case and control groups.Household and face-to-face interview were conducted in October,2015.All the study subjects were screened from both the drug resistant database of antiretroviral therapy of Shandong provincial laboratory and national comprehensive HIV/AIDS database in Shandong.The sample size was estimated as 330 cases including 110 drug resistant and 220 non-drug resistant cases.Subjects were people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) aged 15 or older and received antiretroviral therapy for more than 6 months with records of virus load (VL).Subjects who presented VL above 1 000 copies/ml would receive drug resistance testing.Subjects who were confirmed resistant to with secondary drug,were selected as case group,the rest subjects with non-secondary drug resistance would form the control group.EpiData 3.1 software and SPSS 22.0 software were used to establish a database.Related influencing factors were analyzed with non-conditional stepwise logistic regression model.Results A total of 288 cases were enrolled,including 103 in the case and 185 cases in the control groups,with average age as (37.62 ± 1.06) years and (37.90 ± 0.74)years old,respectively.Most of them were male,married/cohabitant,with education level of junior/senior high school or below and under Han nationality.Results from the multivariate logistic regression model showed that ORs (95％CI) of receiving antiretroviral therapy for 1-3 years,or more than 3 years were equal to 8,80 (3.69-21.00),3.00 (1.20-7.53),compared with receiving antiretroviral therapy less than one year,respectively.OR (95％ CI) of Among the PLWHA that with missing rate above 25.0％ on medication,the OR appeared as 15.41(4.59-51.71),compared with not missing medication.OR (95％ CI) among those who took the medicine themselves was 0.22 (0.07-0.74).Conclusions Factors as duration of treatment,missing rate on medication and taking medicine by oneself were of influence on secondary drug resistance.Other factors as duration on antiretroviral therapy longer than 1 year,missing rate above 25.0％ on medication,were related to the risk on secondary drug resistance.However,if the medicine was taken by oneself,it served as a protective factor for secondary drug resistance.It is necessary to strengthen the intervention and health education programs related to antiretroviral therapy.
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Objective This study aimed to understand the herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) infection and related factors among female drug abusers in the women's compulsory drug rehabilitation center of Shandong province and to provide reference for the prevention and control of HSV-2 in these settings.Methods We screened all of 451 female drug abusers in the women's compulsory drug rehabilitation centers in of Shandong province and conducted a study using both questionnaire investigation and serological tests for HSV-2,HIV and syphilis.We also used EpiData 3.1 software to establish a database and SPSS 20.0 software to conduct the x2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 451 female drug abusers were under study.We noticed that the rates for HSV-2 infection,HIV infection and syphilis infection appeared as 72.1％ (325/451),2.2％ (10/451) and 33.5 ％ (151/451) respectively.Results from univariate analysis showed that factors as:awareness on AIDS,having temporary sex partner after using the drug,having multiple sex partners after using the drug,providing commercial services or having temporary sex practice before being detained,with syphilis infection etc.,were associated with HSV-2 infection.Data from the multivariate analysis showed that the OR (95％CI) value of HSV-2 infection was 2.90 (1.19-7.06) for those who providing commercial service,when comparing to those who did not.Compared to those who did not suffer from syphilis infection,the OR (95％CI) value of HSV-2 infection for those with syphilis infection was 2.75 (1.63-4.63).Conclusions The rate of HSV-2 infection was high in the women's compulsory drug rehabilitation center of Shandong province.We should enhance measures and promote condom use to prevent from HSV-2 and other sexually transmitted diseases among them.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence of pertussis in infants and children with persistent cough in Beijing during 2011-2016.Methods The eligible infants and children from over ten hospitals who were suspected to have pertussis from 2011 to 2016 were enrolled for detection.Nasopharyngeal secretions and blood samples were collected.Multiplex-PCR was performed for Bordetella pertussis and real-time PCR was performed for nucleic acid of Bordetella pertussis.Results A total of 1 318 eligible cases were enrolled,including 820 males and 498 females.Pertussis was detected positive in 534 cases,including 81.3％ (434/534) of B.pertussis positive cases and 31.8％ (170/534) of IgG positive cases.There were 13.1 ％ (70/534) had double positive for bacteria and antibodies.From 2011 to 2016,the enrolled patients were increased from 103 cases per year to 460 cases per year,and the test positive patients were increased from 29 cases to 194 cases.Among the pertussis patients,466 (87.3 ％) cases were younger than one year old.From the first quarter to the fourth quarter of the year,There were 65 cases,151 cases,205 cases,and 113 cases,respectively.In further analysis of the 268 cases from Children's Hospital affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics,90.7％ of the patients who had whooping cough were scattered children;185 cases (69.0％) of the patients had not begun programmed immunization,71 cases (26.5％) did not complete programmed immunization and 12 cases (4.5％)completed the programmed immunization.Of all the inpatients,21.6％ were critical ill,0.8％ (2 cases) dead,and the remaining patients were recovered and discharged.Conclusions The prevalence of pertussis is increasing,especially in summer.Infants are the most susceptible population.Bordetella pertussis is one of the most important pathogen that can induce persistent and chronic cough.
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Objective@#To investigate the sonographic characteristics of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC) and the preoperative prediction value for cervical lymphatic metastasis of PTMC.@*Methods@#Three hundred and fifty-eight PTMC patients who were confirmed by pathology and accepted partly or totally thyroidectomy and neck dissection were collected to analyze the sonographic characteristics, all patients were classified according to multifocal carcinoma nodules and solitary carcinoma nodules; cervical lymphatic metastasis or not; the maximum diameter of carcinoma nodules. Univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis were used.@*Results@#Compared with solitary PTMC, multifocal PTMC was prone to emerge blood flow signals, heterogeneity, cervical lymphatic metastasis(all P<0.05). By univariate analysis, the risk factors of cervical lymphatic metastasis in PTMC were multifocal lesions and the total maximum diameter >1 cm, irregular edge, irregular shape, microcalcification, capsular invasion(all P<0.05). With Logistic regression analysis, the independent risk factors of cervical lymphatic metastasis in PTMC were multifocality and capsular invasion. Combining multifocality and capsular invasion, which area under the ROC(AUC) was 0.807.@*Conclusions@#Combining multifocality and capsular invasion significantly improves the risk of cervical lymphatic metastasis in PTMC by ultrasonography.
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Objective To investigate the value of wide-detector Revolution CTA with 70 kV tube voltage and prospective ECG-gated technique in diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) in infants and children.Methods Forty-five infants and children with complicated CHD underwent echocardiography and wide-detector Revolution CTA.According to the sur gical findings,the diagnostic efficiency of Revolution CTA and echocardiography were calculated and compared.The radiation effective dose (ED) and iodine dose were calculated.The quality of CT images was also evaluated.Results There were 25 separate cardiovascular anomalies including 6 congenital cardiac structure anomalies and 19 congenital extracardiac vascular anomalies.For congenital extracardiac vascular anomalies,there was significant difference of diagnostic accuracy and the detectable rate between CTA (99.77％ [853/855],97.73％ [86/88]) and echocardiography (98.71％ [844/855],88.64％ [78/88];x2 =6.28,5.72,both P＜0.05).The average of ED was (0.20±0.05)mSv and the mean iodine dose was (2.06± 1.09)g.All CT images were qualified for diagnosis.Conclusion The wide-detector Revolution CTA,with the prospective ECG-gated technique and 70 kV tube voltage,can provide high accuracy for assessment of CHD in infants and children,which can keep good image quality,with the low radiation dose.
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Objective To explore the correlation between the ultrasonographic characteristics and cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Methods The clinical data of 320 PTC patients operated on from Oct 2014 to May 2016 were retrospectively reviewed.The correlation between age,sex,ultrasonographic characteristicsa and cervical lymph node metastasis was evaluated by multivariate analyses.Results Multivariate analysis showed that males,nodular size ＞ 1 cm,microcalcification,irregular nodule margin,multifocality were risk factors for cervical lymph node metastasis.ROC curve analysis demonstrated important significance,which was drawn according to thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) and nodular size,with the area under ROC curve being 0.792.Conclusion Males,nodular size ＞ 1 cm,microcalcification,irregular nodule margin,multifocality are important indexes predicting cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with PTC.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of Elemene emulsion combined with ganciclovir on invasive ability and TIMP-1 mRNA expression in C6 brain tumor stem cells. METHODS:Cells with 3 generations were isolated and cultured from rats'C6 ma-lignant glioma cell lines,and immunocytochemistry was adopted to detect the protein expressions of stem cell markers CD133,Nes-tin. 20 rats were randomly divided into blank control group(normal saline),ganciclovir group(intragastrically administrated,216 mg/kg),Elemene emulsion injection group (intravenously injected in tail,36 mg/kg) and combination group (intragastrically ad-ministrated 216 mg/kg of ganciclovir+intravenously injected 36 mg/kg of Elemene emulsion injection in tail),5 in each group, once every day,for 10 d. After 2 h of last administration,the blood of rats in each group was collected,serum was isolated and co-cultured 24 h with C6 BTSCs in in vitro culture medium. Boyden invasion test was used to detect the invasive ability of C6 BTSCs,and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)method was used to determine the TIMP-1 mRNA expres-sion of C6 BTSCs. RESULTS:Cells with 3 generations had obvious protein expressions in CD133 and Nestin,indicating they were BTSCs. Compared with blank control group,the cell invasion rates of C6 BTSCs in ganciclovir group,Elemene emulsion in-jection group and combination group were obviously decreased,TIMP-1 mRNA expression was obviously enhanced,with statisti-cal significances(P<0.05). Compared with ganciclovir group and Elemene emulsion injection group,the cell invasion rate of C6 BTSCs in combination group was obviously decreased,TIMP-1 mRNA expression was obviously enhanced,with statistical signifi-cances(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Elemene emulsion injection combined with ganciclovir can obviously inhibit the cell invasion of C6 BTSCs,the mechanism may be associated with promoting the TIMP-1 generation,and combination use shows better effect than single use.
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Objective:To investigate the prognosis of cT3 and the subgroups of low rectal cancer patients who underwent neoadju-vant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and evaluate whether all patients with cT3 low rectal cancer should undergo CRT. Methods:A total of 223 patients with cT3 low rectal cancer treated in the Department of Colorectal Surgery of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from January 2008 to December 2012 were divided into neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy group (CRT group) (115 cases) and no neoad-juvant chemoradiotherapy group (nCRT group) (108 cases) according to whether the patients underwent CRT. Afterward, the patients were retrospectively divided into three subgroups (mrT3a, mrT3b, and mrT3c) according to the proposed criteria of the Radiologic Soci-ety of North America (RSNA) by measuring the depth of mesorectal invasion (DMI) (DMI10 mm). The prog-noses of the two groups and their subgroups were compared. Results:The CRT and nCRT groups revealed no significant differences in the 3-year disease-free survival rate and the local recurrence rate for all the mrT3 patients (78.2%vs. 71.9%, P=0.608;4.4%vs. 8.5%, P=0.120) and mrT3a patients (82.4%vs. 81.8%, P=0.837;5.8%vs. 5.9%, P=0.658). On the contrary, for the mrT3b patients, the CRT and nCRT groups revealed significant differences in the 3-year disease-free survival rate (84.4%vs. 42.4%, P=0.032) and local recurrence rate (0.0%vs. 18.2%, P=0.014). For the mrT3b,c patients, the CRT and nCRT groups revealed no significant difference in the 3-year dis-ease-free survival rate (72.8%vs. 42.4%, P=0.060) but revealed a significant difference in the local recurrence rate (2.4%vs. 18.2%, P=0.021). COX regression analysis was utilized for 3-year disease-free survival, DMI and circumferential resection margin (CRM) were significant in the univariate analysis. Additionally, the multivariate analysis indicated that CRM is an independent impact factor (OR=2.249, CI 1.067-4.742, P=0.033). Conclusion:CRT can improve the prognosis of patients with mrT3b,c low rectal cancer but may not significantly influence the prognosis of patients with mrT3a and CRM-negative low rectal cancer;surgical treatment can be performed in these patients without CRT.
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Objective To investigate the clinical significance of prenatal ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of fe?tal digestive tract development. Methods Twenty-nine cases of congenital digestive tract malformation were examined in according to the different characteristics of their different fetal ultrasound images. Results There were 11 cases with non-magenblase or less magenblase (37.93%), 4 cases with combination of multiple malformations, and 9 cases with combination of amniotic fluid in the 29 cases. There were 7 cases (24.14%) with dilatation of intestine and intestinal vesicles, in which 3 with multiple malformations and 3 with polyhydramnios. There were 8 cases (27.58%) with double bubbles, in which 1 case with multiple malformations and 7 cases with amniotic fluid. Conclusion The prenatal ultrasound examination in 30 to 32 weeks of pregnancy is very valuable in diagnosis of fetal digestive tract development, which is worthy of clinical application.
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Objective To investigate the clinical value of gemstone spectral imaging (GSI) associated with patient-based low dose of contrast medium protocol in carotid CTA. Methods One hundred and twenty patients who were suspected with stenotic carotid artery or carotid plaque were prospectively enrolled in the study. All of them were divide into two groups by random number table. Group A (routine group): 60 were scanned with 120 kVp after the administration of moderate-concentration CM(320 mg/ml) with 5 ml/s injection velocity, Group B (low dose group):60 were scanned with GSI which was reconstructed using 50%ASiR after the administration of the same CM with 3 ml/s injection velocity. The contrast dose [(test bolus peak time +2 s – 5 s) × injection velocity] was calculated. Images of the two groups were compared in terms of arterial attenuation, signal-noise-ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and subjective image quality (IQ) score. The value of CT dose index volume (CTDIvol), dose length product (DLP) and effective dose (ED) was recorded, respectively. Data were analyzed by using independent samples t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Results The mean attenuation, noise, SNR, CNR, subjective image quality score, contrast dose, CTDIvol, DLP and ED of routine group was (363 ± 56)HU, (13 ± 4)HU, 30 ± 10, 38±13, 3.0 score, (69 ± 13) ml, 13.61 mGy,527 mGy · cm and 3.11 mSv, respectively. The above variables of low-dose-group was (378 ± 69) HU, (9 ± 4)HU, 48 ± 19, 62 ± 24, 2.0 score,(49 ± 7)ml, 12.72 mGy, 478 mGy · cm and 2.82 mSv, respectively. The mean attenuation and subjective IQ score of carotid artery had no significant differences statistically between two groups (P>0.05), respectively. The noise, SNR, CNR, contrast dose, CTDIvol, DLP and ED had significant differences statistically between two groups (P<0.05), respectively. Conclusion Compared with 120 kVp protocol, the use of GSI associated with patient-based low dose of contrast medium protocol in carotid CTA could provide equivalent image quality and higher SNR and CNR of carotid artery with a smaller amount of iodine and a lower radiation dose.
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This study was purposed to investigate the antitumor effect of oridonin on human multiple myeloma cell line U266 and its possible mechanism. The CCK-8 test was used to determine the inhibitory effect of oridonin on proliferation of U266 cells. The morphological changes of U266 cells were observed under optical microscope. The apoptosis rate of U266 cells was detected by flow cytometry. The mRNA levels of FGFR3, BCL2, CCND1 and MYC genes were quantified by using real-time quantitative PCR method, and the protein levels of BCL2, MYC, CCND1, FGFR3 and P53 were detected by Western blot. The results showed that the oridonin obviously inhibited the growth of U266 cell in dose-and time-dependent manners. As for morphological changes, characteristic apoptotic cells presented in U266 cells treated with 10 µmol/L oridonin for 24 hours. The apoptotic rate of U266 cells increased in dose and time dependent manners; after treatment of U266 cells with oridonin the mRNA levels of FGFR3, BCL2, CCND1 and MYC as well as the their protein levels decreased. Occasionally, the oridonin up-regulated the protein levels of P53 in the same manner. It is concluded that the oridonin can exert its anti-tumor effect by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis of U266 cell in dose dependent and time dependent manners, that maybe give the clues about new program of target therapy for multiple myeloma.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antineoplastic Agents , Pharmacology , Apoptosis , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Diterpenes, Kaurane , Pharmacology , Multiple Myeloma , PathologyABSTRACT
This study was purposed to investigate the anti-tumor effect of ursolic acid (UA) on t(8;21) leukemia cell line kasumi-1 and its possible mechanisms. The kasumi-1 cells were treated with UA at different concentration for different duration of time. The growth inhibition of kasumi-1 treated with UA was detected by using CCK-8 test, and the morphological changes of kasumi-1 cells were observed by Wright's staining. Furthermore, the apoptosis rate of kasumi-1 was examined by flow cytometry. Lastly, the expression of AML1-ETO, KIT, MYC, CCND1, BCL-2, P53, BAX, MDM2 and protein were detected by using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot respectively. The results showed that the UA obviously inhibited the growth of kasumi-1 cells in dose- and time-dependent manners. The apoptotic morphological changes of cells were presented when kasumi-1 cells were treated with UA for 48 hours. The apoptotic rate of kasumi-1 cells increased in a dose- and time-dependent ways, and the mRNA levels of AML1-ETO, KIT, MYC, CCND1, BCL2, MDM2 decreased in kasumi-1 cells treated with UA, as well as the protein levels. Meanwhile, UA up-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of P53 in the same manner. It is concluded that UA can exert its anti-tumor effect by inhibiting the proliferation and inducing the apoptosis of kasumi-1 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manners, that may provide the clues for a new targeting therapy to t(8;21) leukemia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Leukemia , Genetics , Oncogene Proteins, Fusion , Genetics , Translocation, Genetic , Triterpenes , PharmacologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate high resolution MR in imaging of the anatomy and tumor invasion of the anal canal.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-three patients with low rectal cancer confirmed by pathology results were recruited as the study group and 20 patients without history of anal canal diseases were recruited as the control group. All patients received MRI examinations containing three TSE-T2WI sequences and three 3D-VIBE sequences. The distance between the tumor and the anal margin was measured in the study group. Two radiologists finished T staging of the tumor independently.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MRI had a clear demonstration of the anatomy of the anal canal in all 20 control patients. The T staging of 23 patients of study group was T2 (n=8), T3 (n=7), and T4 (n=8), and the depth of anal canal invasion (T-DACI) was T0-DACI (n=10), T1-DACI (n=1), T2a-DACI (n=3), T2-DACI (n=3), T3-DACI (n=4) and T4-DACI (n=2). Eight patients received surgery and the consistency between pathological staging and imaging staging was 75%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High resolution MRI has the capacity of demonstrating the complex anatomy of the anal canal, and can provide evidence of anal canal invasion for low rectal cancer.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Anal Canal , Pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Neoplasm Staging , Rectal Neoplasms , PathologyABSTRACT
ABSTRACT:Chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria with a unique biphasic developmental cycle ,and have close rela‐tionships with human .Emerging Chlamydia species such as Chlamydia ibidis ,Chlamydia avium and Chlamydia gallinacea changed the chlamydial taxonomy .The biggest change is the abandon of genus Chlamydophilaand its previous six species were recombined into genus Chlamydia ,which in together with the emerging species ,expands genus Chlamydia to 12 species .This paper briefly reviewed the latest taxonomy of Chlamydiae and their identification methods ,which include the classical biological characteristics and physico‐chemical properties ,modern molecular genetics ,and the newly developed whole genome analysis . Presently ,molecular genetics methods ,including sequence analysis of 16S rRNA ,ompA and other Chlamydia‐specific genes , are commonly used for chlamydial identification .