ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate clinical effects of calcaneal fracture with closed reduction and minimally invasive plate fixation assisted with bidirectional distractor distraction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From September 2015 to October 2016, 11 male patients(13 feet) with calcaneal fractures treated with bidirectional distractor distraction assisted with minimally invasive plate fixation were retrospectively studied. They were aged from 24 to 57 years old with an average of 36.4 years old;8 feet were type IIand 5 feet were type III according to Sanders classification. Postoperative incision, fracture healing, Böhler angle, Gissane angle were observed and Maryland scoring system was used to evaluate clinical effects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All fractures healed well without incision inflammation and incision disunion. All patients were followed up from 12 to 15 months with an average of 13.5 months. Böhler angle were improved from (9.6±7.3)° before operation to (20.2±4.6) ° at 1 year after operation, and had statistical meaning; Gissane angle increased from (92.7 ±8.5)° before operation to (121.7 ±7.6) ° at 1 year after operation. Maryland score at 1 year after operation was 88.79±8.25, and 11 feet got excellent results and 2 feet moderate.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Bidirectional distractor distraction assisted with minimally invasive plate fixation could effectively fix calcaneal fractures, reduce postoperative complications, and get satisfied results of postoperative images and functional recovery. It is one of effective methods for treating Sanders II and III calcaneal fractures.</p>
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Through reviewing the relevant literature from the past decades, to summarize the assessment and management of fractures of the clavicle, and provide an overview of the clinical results of a range of treatment options.</p><p><b>DATA SOURCES</b>The data analyzed in this review are mainly from articles included in PubMed and EMBASE, published from 1960 to 2015.</p><p><b>STUDY SELECTION</b>Studies involving assessment of fractures of the clavicle were reviewed. Further literatures were gathered regarding the conservative and surgical treatment of these fractures, including the methods of fixation and the surgical approaches used. Both conservative and surgical treatments were then compared and contrasted.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Through retrieving and reading the abstract, a total of 42 representative articles were selected, which covered all aspects of the conservative treatment and surgical treatment, and compared the advantages and disadvantages of different treatment options.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Although the majority of recent data suggest that surgery may be more appropriate as it improves functional outcome and reduces the risk of complications, we recommend that the treatment should be individually assessed.</p>