Differential diagnosis between intestinal stromal tumor and intestinal carcinoma by color doppler ultrasonography / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the features of tumor appearance on transabdominal color doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) and its diagnostic value in the differential diagnosis between intestinal stromal tumor and intestinal carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The preoperative features of the tumor mass on CDUS were reviewed retrospectively in 25 patients with intestinal stromal tumor and in 30 with intestinal carcinoma. All the cases were confirmed by surgery and pathological examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 25 cases with intestinal stromal tumor, 23 (92%) were found to be located in the small intestine and the majority presented as a hypoechoic solid mass with clear demarcation and rich color flow signals on CDUS, not growing around the intestinal cavity. A heterogeneous echogenic mass with anechoic space was shown in some stromal tumors. The CDUS showed that carcinoma were all in the colon or the rectum, and showed heterogeneous echoic solid masses with ill-defined margin, few color flow signals and pseudokidney sign was often observed in intestinal carcinoma because the mass grew around the intestinal cavity. Internal echo pattern, the relation between mass and intestinal cavity, and color doppler flow signal of intestinal stromal tumors were significantly different from those of intestinal carcinomas (all P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in lymphatic metastasis (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CDUS is an effective method to differentiate intestinal stromal tumor from carcinoma.</p>

The effects of calmodulin kinase II inhibitor on ventricular arrhythmias in rabbits with cardiac hypertrophy / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of KN-93, a calmodulin kinase II inhibitor, on ventricular arrhythmias in rabbits with cardiac hypertrophy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Female New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 each): Sham; LVH; LVH + KN-92 and LVH + KN-93 group. LVH was induced by partially constricting the abdominal aorta. In Sham group, the abdominal aorta was exposed without constriction. Eight weeks later, the arterially perfused left ventricular wedge preparations were made and transmembrane action potentials (TAP) from epicardium and endocardium and transmural ECG were simultaneously recorded. Incidence of early after depolarization (EAD) and torsade de pointes (Tdp), QT interval, action potential duration (APD) and transmural depolarization dispersion (TDR) at different cycle lengths were observed under slow stimulation (2000 - 4000 ms), hypokalemic (2 mmol/L) and hypomagnesaemic (0.25 mmol/L) Tyrode's solution perfusion.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Left ventricular hypertrophy was detected in LVH group by echocardiography and not affected by KN-92 and KN-93. Perfused with hypokalemic, hypomagnesaemic Tyrode's solution and under slow stimulation (2000 - 4000 ms), the incidences of EAD and Tdp in Sham group, LVH group, LVH + KN-92 group (0.5 micromol/L) and LVH + KN-93 group (0.5 micromol/L) were 0/10, 10/10, 9/10, 5/10 and 0/10, 5/10, 4/10, 1/10, respectively. With 1 micromol/L KN-92 and KN-93, the incidences of EAD and Tdp in LVH + KN-92 and LVH + KN-93 group were 9/10, 3/10 and 4/10, 1/10 respectively. The QT interval, APD and TDR were not affected by KN-93.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The calmodulin kinase II inhibitor KN-93 can effectively suppress ventricular arrhythmias in rabbits with cardiac hypertrophy by decreasing EAD.</p>