Effects of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A2 down-regulation by small interfering RNA on aggressiveness of MKN28 human / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A2 (EIF5A2) down-regulation by small interfering RNA (siRNA) on aggressiveness of human gastric cancer cell and its potential mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expressions of EIF5A2 in human gastric cancer cell lines (MKN28 and HGC27) and immortalized gastric mucosal epithelial cells (GES-1) were measured by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. EIF5A2 gene in MKN28 cells was silenced by RNA interference and the inhibitory effect was evaluated by both qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assay. Cell migration and invasion were assessed by Transwell assay. The possible downstream targets of EIF5A2, such as CyclinD1, CyclinD3, matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), E-cadherin, vimintin, C-myc, and metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) expression levels, were examined by Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>High expressions of EIF5A2 were found in MKN28 cells and human gastric adenocarcinoma tissues. Both EIF5A2 mRNA and protein expression in MKN28 cells were significantly down-regulated by siRNA#1 and siRNA#2, especially siRNA#1. Knockdown of EIF5A2 caused an apparent suppression of MKN28 cell proliferation (all P<0.01), migration (P<0.001), and invasion (P<0.001). After the knockdown of EIF5A2 in MKN28 cells, E-cadherin levels were upregulated, whereas vimentin, Cyclin D1, Cyclin D3, C-myc and MTA1 levels were downregulated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Knockdown of EIF5A2 may inhibit MKN28 cell proliferation by downregulating the CyclinD1 and CyclinD3 and suppressing the cell migration and invasion by inhibiting MTA1, C-myc and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.</p>

Benefits of intra-operative systemic chemotherapy during curative surgery in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>There is little information on the impact of intra-operative systemic chemotherapy on gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to identify prognostic factors in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer and undergoing curative resection, with a focus on evaluating survival benefits and tolerance of intra-operative systemic chemotherapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed clinicopathological data for 264 consecutive patients who underwent curative resection for gastric cancer at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2002 to January 2007. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using log-rank tests. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with the Cox proportional hazard model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Patients who received intra-operative systemic chemotherapy had higher 5-year overall survival and 5-year disease-free survival rates (P = 0.019 and 0.010, respectively) than patients who did not receive intra-operative systemic chemotherapy. In the subgroup analysis, systemic intra-operative chemotherapy benefited the 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates for patients with cancer of stage pTNM IB-IIIB, but not stage pTNM IIIC. Patients who received intra-operative systemic chemotherapy in combination with post-operative chemotherapy had higher 5-year overall survival and 5-year disease-free survival rates (P = 0.046 and 0.021, respectively) than patients who only received postoperative chemotherapy. However, the difference in these rates between patients who received only intra-operative systemic chemotherapy and patients who only received curative surgery was not statistically significant (P = 0.150 and 0.170, respectively). Multivariate analyses showed that intra-operative systemic chemotherapy was a favorable prognostic factor for the overall survival and disease-free survival rates (P = 0.048 and 0.023, respectively). No grade 4 toxicities related to intra-operative systemic chemotherapy were recorded within the 4 weeks after surgery.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intra-operative systemic chemotherapy during curative surgery may benefit patients with stage pTNM IBIIIB gastric cancer in terms of both overall survival and disease-free survival.</p>

Effect of enteral nutrition via jejunostomy catheter on quality of life in gastric cancer patients who have undergone gastrectomy / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of enteral nutrition via jejunostomy catheter on the quality of life in gastric cancer patients who have undergone gastrectomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 104 consecutive patients who had undergone curative resection for gastric cancer in Peking Union Medical College Hospital in 2011.All data were obtained from a prospectively maintained database of gastric cancer.The quality of life was compared between jejunostomy tube group(n=49)and tube-free group(n=55).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The two groups were matched in gender,age,tumor size,tumor location,histological type,pTNM stage,type of surgery,body mass index(BMI),quality of life scales,and cycles of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy(all P>0.05).Also,the global health status(P=0.154),physical function score(P=0.321),role function score(P=0.492),and fatigue symptom score(P=0.845)were not significantly different between these two groups one month after surgery.Three and 6 months after the surgery,patients in the jejunostomy tube group had significantly higher overall health status scores( P<0.001,P=0.038),physical function scores(P=0.004,P=0.005),and role function scores(P=0.002,P=0.038)and significantly lower fatigue symptom scores(P=0.020,P=0.043)when compared to patients from tube-free group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Enteral nutrition via jejunostomy catheter can improve the quality of life of gastric cancer patients who have undergone gastrectomy.</p>

Research advances in molecular pathogenesis of thyroid cancer / 中国医学科学院学报

Thyroid cancer is the one of the most common endocrine tumors. The biological behaviors and prognoses of the thyroid cancer of different histological types remarkably differ. The highly invasive thyroid cancer responds poorly to traditional therapies. Recent research advances in the molecular mechanisms of the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer have revealed the roles of many genetic and epigenetic variations such as gene mutation, abnormal gene amplification, and abnormal gene methylation in the development of thyroid cancer, which provides new insights in the molecular diagnosis, prognosis, and target therapy of the thyroid cancer.

Expression of doublecortin-like kinase 1 in human gastric cancer and its correlation with prognosis / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of doublecortin-like kinase 1(DCLK1)in gastric cancer and its prognostic significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of DCLK1 was examined by immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from 122 patients who underwent curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between July 2002 and December 2006. Survival curves were described by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the Log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed with the Cox proportional hazard model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of DCLK1 in tumor cells was significantly upregulated in 51 of 122 patients. High expression of DCLK1 in tumor cells was strongly correlated with pN stage(P=0.029)and lymphovascular invasion(P=0.029). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with DCLK1 high expression had a significantly lower 5-year overall survival(OS)rate than that of patients with DCLK1 low expression(39. 0% vs. 65. 8%, P=0.001), as well as a significantly lower 5-year disease-free survival(DFS)rate(37. 0% vs. 64. 5%, P=0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that DCLK1 expression(both P=0.036)was an independent factor for predicting OS and DFS rate.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High expression of DCLK1 in gastric cancer cells is associated with pN stage and lymphovascular invasion. It may be a predictor for poor survival in patients undergoing surgery for gastric cancer.</p>