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AIM:To investigate the effect of orthokeratology on stereopsis, accommodation parameters and ocular biological parameters in myopic patients. METHODS: The clinical data of 65 patients (130 eyes) with myopia in our hospital from January 2016 to May 2017 were analyzed and they were divided into high myopia group,moderate myopia group and slight myopia group. The changes of stereopsis, accommodation parameters and ocular biological parameters were compared between the myopic patients before and after the operation. RESULTS: The difference of distant vision, stereo acuity, accommodation range and accommodation sensitivity between the three groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The uncorrected visual acuity, the degree of spherical equivalent and the diopter of cylindrical power in the myopic eyes were significantly lower than those before treatment,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The intraocular pressure and central corneal thickness were not different compared with before treatment (P>0. 05). After treatment, the corneal curvature was lower and axial length were higher than those before treatment, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Orthokeratology can obviously improve the distance and near vision and stereoscopic vision function of myopic patients,which may slow the increase of axis and reduce the corneal curvature.
ABSTRACT
Background Excimer laser corneal refractive surgery is widely used because it reduces the dependency of refractive error eye to glasses.However,the adverse effects of anti-inflammatory drugs is a problem after operation.Lotemax eyedrops is a kind of steroidal anti-inflammatory drug,with a good effect on the operative eye.But its influence on intraocular pressure(IOP) after long-term topical administration is less studied.Objective This study was to investigate the influence of lotemax eyedrops on IOP after long-term topical administration in myopic eyes received excimer laser corneal refractive surgery.Methods An one-month retrospective case serial study was adopted.The case history data of 1552 eyes from 1552 Patients who received excimer laser corneal refractive surgery were collected in Tangshan Eye Hospital from 2011 January to 2012 January,including 321 eyes with laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK),608 eyes with sub-Bowman keratomileusis (SBK) and 623 eyes with femtosecond laser for flap excimer laser in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK).Lotemax eyedrops was topically administered after operation 4 times per day initial and then decreased 1 time weekly for 1 month.IOP was measured in before,1 week,2 weeks,3 weeks,4 weeks after operation with non-contact tonometer.The increasing range of IOP was divided into ＜5 mmHg,5-15 mmHg and ＞ 15 mmHg after operation.Optical head parameters were measured by Heidelberg retina tomography when IOP increasing after operation.Results Within 1 month,elevated IOP was found in 47 of 1552 eyes after administration of lotemax eyedrops,including 3.12％ (10/321) in the LASIK group,3.29％ (20/608) in the SBK group and 2.73％ (17/623) in the FS-LASIK group,without significant difference among them(x2 =1.95,P＞0.05).The IOP elevated 1 week after operation and remained normal after that till drug withdrawal in all eyes.There were no significant differences in the disk area (1.65 ±0.44) mm2 vs.(1.66 ±0.44) mm2,disk volume (0.40 ±0.09)mm3 vs.(0.39±0.08) mm3 and mean nerve fiber layer thickness (0.28 ± 0.08) mm vs.(0.29 ± 0.07) mm in IOP elevation duration compared with 1 month after IOP recovery(t =0.34,0.81,0.48,P＞0.05).Conclusions Topical administration of 0.5％ lotemax eyedrops after excimer laser corneal refractive surgery leads to reversible high IOP.It is very important to monitor the IOP during use of the drug.
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Objective The purpose of this study was to understand the awareness, prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and treatment status of people aged over 50 and living in the rural areas of Shuangcheng city, Heilongjiang province, China. Methods Cluster sampling was used in randomly selected 5504 survey for ophthalmic clinical examination, in patients with diabetic retinopathy. A questionnaire in the state of knowledge about prevention and treatment was developed. Results Among the 5504 persons entering in the project, 5053 were examined on their eyes (91.8%). In this selected population, 56 persons (112 eyes) were diagnosed as diabetic retinopathy (1.108%), with 95% confidence interval (CI) as: 0.819% to 1.397%. Of 56 patients, 49 cases were non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, accounting for 87.50% of the total number of patients with diabetic retinopathy;proliferative diabetic retinopathy 7 cases, accounting for 12.50% of the 112 eyes, 6.25% (7/112)having vitreous hemorrhage, 8.04% (9/112) having macular edema. For diabetic retinopathy prevalence rates, there was no significant difference in males and females. Between the per differential 10-year-old division, the difference was significant. Among the 60 to 69 group, a significantly higher prevalence rate was seen. Of the 112 eyes with diabetic retinopathy, 34 eyes(30.4%) were low vision [visual acuity ＜20/60 (0.3) to ≥ 20/400 (0.05) ]; 6 eyes (5.4%) were blind [visual acuity ＜20/400 (0.05) to NLP]. The rate in the patients with PDR and fasting blood glucose was above 11.1 mmol/L was higher than having NPDR and fasting blood glucose below 11.1 mmol/L. Having fasting blood glucose 11.1 mmol/L and above with the course over five years among patients with PDR, the proportion of fasting blood glucose was higher than those with less than 11.1 mmol/L and diabetic retinopathy duration of less than five years. Of 56 patients with diabetic retinopathy, 38 cases (67.9%) did not receive any treatment. Among 18 cases (32.1%) with insulin or oral drug therapy,regularly using insulin or other medication (14.3%), only 1 (1.8%) case was given the treatment for diabetic retinopathy. Results from our survey showed that patients with diabetic retinopathy had a poor understanding about prevention and treatment of the disease. Conclusion Long duration and high blood glucose in patients with diabetic retinopathy seemed to be the important risk factor. Early systematic drug use for prevention and blood glucose control was the key to prevent diabetic retinopathy. Patients with diabetic retinopathy in China had poor understanding about the prevention measures of the disease and lack of knowledge.