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Objective:To study the clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and therapeutic outcomes of transverse testicular ectopia (TTE).Methods:Clinical data of 8 cases of TTE treated in the Department of the First Urologic Surgery, Xinxiang Central Hospital and Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2004 to November 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, surgical treatment and follow-up results of TTE were summarized.Results:The age of 8 cases of TTE was 1 year 5 months to 5 years.Among the 8 cases of TTE, 6 cases were involved with the left side and 2 cases with the right side.All patients were admitted due to scrotal emptiness.Three cases were combined with persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) and 1 case combined with hypospadias.Preoperative diagnosis of TTE was definitely made in 5 cases, involving 4 cases diagnosed by ultrasound and 1 case diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging.Laparoscopy was performed in 2 cases, including 1 case treated with laparoscopic scrotopexy, and the other one transferred to an open surgery of trans-septal orchiopexy due to poor development of the spermatic cord.Open surgery was performed in 6 cases, including 1 case with bilateral testicular fixation in the ipsilateral scrotum due to adhesion of spermatic cord closely, and 5 cases with trans-septal orchiopexy.Müllerian ducts residues were excised during surgery in 3 cases combined with PMDS.Postoperative wound infection or hematoma was not reported in all cases.Orchiepididymitis and the involvement of contralateral testes occurred in 1 case treated with trans-septal orchiopexy at 11 months postoperatively, which were relieved after anti-inflammatory treatment.All cases were postoperatively followed up for 3-48 months, and the development and blood supply of bilateral testes were detected normal by ultrasonography.Postoperative testicular atrophy was not reported.Conclusions:The possibility of TTE should be considered in patients with unilateral cryptorchidism combined with contralateral inguinal mass.Ultrasonography is preferred to the diagnosis of TTE.Laparoscopic surgery plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of TTE, which is helpful to identify abnormalities in the Müllerian duct structure.
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Objective:To investigate the expression of miR-203a in bladder cancer (BC) cell lines (RT-112, T24, 5637, UM-UC-3) and evaluate the effects on BC cell proliferation and radiosensitivity.Methods:Mir-203a mimics, mir-203a inhibitor, CDK6 siRNA, CDK6 expression plasmid and corresponding negative controls were transfected into BC cells. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-203a in BC cell lines and human bladder epithelial immortalized cell line (SV-HUC-1). CCK8 assay was used to investigate the regulation of miR-203a and cyclin-dependent kinases 6(CDK6) on the proliferation of BC cells. Colony formation assay was performed to assess the effect of miR-203a and CDK6 on the radiosensitivity of BC cells. The target gene of miR-203a was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. The effect of miR-203a on CDK6 protein expression was detected by Western blot. Multi-group comparison was performed by one-way ANOVA and two-group comparison was conducted by t-test. Results:Compared with the SV-HUC-1 cells, the expression levels of miR-203a in RT-112, T24, 5637 and UM-UC-3 cells were significantly down-regulated (all P<0.05). Compared with NC group, overexpression of miR-203a significantly inhibited the proliferation of BC cells, whereas knockdown of miR-203a significantly promoted the proliferation of BC cells (both P<0.05). Compared with NC group, overexpression of miR-203a significantly increased the sensitivity of BC cells to radiotherapy, whereas knockdown of miR-203a significantly weakened the sensitivity of BC cells to radiotherapy (both P<0.05). CDK6 was the target of miR-203a. Compared with NC group, overexpression of miR-203a significantly down-regulated the expression level of CDK6 protein, whereas knockdown of miR-203a significantly up-regulated the expression level of CDK6 protein (both P<0.05). After overexpression of CDK6 in T24 and UM-UC-3 cells transfected with miR-203a mimics, the cell proliferation ability was significantly increased, whereas the sensitivity to radiotherapy was significantly decreased compared with mir-203a mimics (both P<0.05). After CDK6 was silenced in RT-112 and 5637 cells transfected with miR-203a inhibitor, the proliferation ability of cells was significantly decreased, whereas the sensitivity to radiotherapy was remarkably increased compared with miR-203a inhibitor group (both P<0.05). Conclusion:miR-203a can serves as a tumor suppressor gene to inhibit the proliferation of BC cells and enhance the radiosensitivity of BC cells.
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Objective:To investigate the expression of miR-527 in bladder cancer (BC) and its effect on the proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells.Methods:From February 2018 to June 2019, the immortalized human bladder epithelial cell line SV-HUC-1 and human bladder cancer cell lines T24, UM-UC-3, 5637 and RT-112 were cultured in vitro. Real time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-527 in BC bladder cancer tissues and adjacent normal bladder tissues, human bladder cancer cell lines and human bladder epithelial immortalized cell lines. MiR-527 mimics, miR-527 inhibitor, ENO1 overexpression plasmid, ENO1 siRNA and corresponding negative control were transfected into bladder cancer cell line. CCK8 test, clone formation test and Transwell test were used to study the cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the target gene of miR-527. Western blotting was used to analyze the regulation of miR-527 on target gene expression.Result:Compared with normal bladder tissue, the expression of miR-527 in bladder cancer was significantly lower (1.723±1.070 vs. 1.148±0.760, P<0.05). The relative expression of miR-527 in T24 (0.540±0.082), UM-UC-3 (0.230±0.053), 5637(0.463±0.085) and RT-112 (0.310±0.056) were significantly lower than those in SV-HUC-1 cells (0.987±0.111) with statistical significance ( P<0.05). Compared with the negative control (NC) group, CCK8 assay results showed that the cell viability was significantly decreased after transfection of miR-527 mimics into UM-UC-3 cells ( P<0.05). The clone formation test showed that the number of cell clones in UM-UC-3 cells transfected with miR-527 mimics was significantly lower than that in the control group (157.00±15.52 vs 57.33±15.50, P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the cell activity of T24 cells transfected with miR-527 inhibitor was significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the number of cell clone formation was significantly increased (76.67±9.07 vs. 141.70±10.50, P<0.05). According to the prediction of targetscan database, ENO1 was the target gene of mir-527. Luciferase reporter gene experiment showed that the luciferase activity of mir-527 mimics group was significantly lower than that of control group (0.99±0.02 vs. 0.47±0.10, P<0.05), while the luciferase activity of miR-527 mimics group was significantly lower than that of control group (0.99 ± 0.02 vs. 0.47 ± 0.10, P<0.05), without statistical significance (1.03±0.04 vs. 0.96±0.05, P>0.05). Western blot analysis showed that the expression of ENO1 in miR-527 mimics group was significantly lower than that in NC mimics group (1.09±0.17 vs. 0.31±0.13, P<0.05), and the expression of ENO1 in miR-527 inhibitor group and NC inhibitor group were significantly increased (0.97±0.09 vs. 2.17±0.15, P<0.05). Compared with miR-527 mimics group, transfection of miR-527 mimics+ ENO1 overexpression plasmid could reduce the inhibitory effect of miR-527 mimics on proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cell line ( P<0.05). Compared with miR-527 inhibitor group, transfection of miR-527 inhibitor+ ENO1 siRNA could weaken the inhibit effect of miR-527 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cell lines ( P<0.05). Conclusion:miR-527 is low expressed in BC and can be used as a tumor suppressor gene to inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of BC cells.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between insulin resistance with female overactive bladder (OAB) .Meth‐ods 96 female patients with OAB were selected as the observation group and contemporaneous 92 women with healthy physical ex‐amination were taken as the control group .The fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ,triglycerides (TG) ,total cholesterol (TC) ,high‐den‐sity lipoprotein (HDL‐C) ,low‐density lipoprotein (LDL‐C) ,fasting insulin (FINS) ,and C reaction protein (CRP) levels were measured in the two groups .The insulin resistance index was calculated by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) .Results The waist circumference ,body mass ,body mass index (BMI) ,hypertension cases and proportion of meno‐pause cases in the observation group were higher than those in the control group .FPG ,TG ,FINS ,CRP levels and HOMA‐IR in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ,while the HDL‐C level was lower than that in the con‐trol group .In addition ,the differences in TC and LDL‐C levels between the two groups were not statistically significant (P>0 .05) . Conclusion Insulin resistance has no correlation with female OAB .
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Objective To study the changes of urodynamics of middle-aged(35-55 years old)female patients with urinary incontinence and improve the diagnosis and treatment.Methods Analyze and compare the urodynamics between 56 cases of middle-aged female patients with urinary incontinence and 17 cases of normal control.Results Among the 56 patients,33 cases with stress incontinence(SUI group 58.93％),9 cases with urgency urinary incontinence(UUI group 16.07％),14 cases with mixed urinary incontinence(SUI/UUI group 25.00％).There was significant difference on maximum flow rate(Qmax[27.72 ± 5.21]ml/s vs[20.45 ±7.15]ml/s,P ＜0.05)between the SUI group and control group.The beginning of a sense of capacity(FS),normal urination feeling(ND),strong feeling of urination(SD)and urgent urination feeling(UD)were (135.65 ± 42.73)ml,(166.24 ± 51.42)ml,(315.75 ±42.34)ml,(320.24 ± 45.03)ml and(132.70 ±40.65)ml,(160.70 ± 50.44)ml,(320.75 ± 42.34)ml,(335.75 ± 51.98)ml in the UUI group and control group respectively.And there were significant differences on the four indexes between UUI group and control group(P ＜ 0.05).There was significant difference on ALPP([62.29 ± 25.40]cm H2O vs[88.30 ± 28.54]cm H2O,P ＜0.05)between the SUI group and SUI/UUI group.Pressure at maximum flow rate(Pdet-Qmax,[24.29 ± 6.24]cm H2O vs[34.45 ± 8.20]cm H2 O,maximum urethral pressure(M UP([68.20 ± 18.27]cm H2O vs[87.14 ± 17.26]cm H2O)and maximum urethral closure pressure(MUCP([74.24 ±35.75]cm H2O vs[90.66 ±30.10]cm H2O)in SUI group were significantly lower than those in control group(P ＜0.05)Conclusion There were large groups of middle-aged female urinary incontinence in patients and the classification is more complex.It shows important guiding significance for diagnosis and selecting proper treatments by detecting urodynamic.