ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate and explore expression status of microRNA-218,and their correlation in serum and tissue samples of prostate cancer patients.Methods The serum and tissue samples of 72 patients in first diagnosised prostate cancer (PCa) and 80 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) patients were collected.Serum samples of 162 patients,including 86 patients with androgen-dependent prostate cancer (ADPC) and 76 patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) were collected.The expression level of microRNA-218 in the tissue and serum samples were detected by specific SYBR Green quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The correlation between the serum microRNAs and tissue microRNAs expressions tatus were analyzed,and their relationship with clinical characterization were also analyzed.Results The expression level of microRNA-218 in tissues and serum of patients with BPH was higher than that of patients with PCa (P ≤0.001).MicroRNA-218 level in PCa and BPH tissue were both correlated with that in the serum of PCa and BPH (rBPH =0.815,rPCa =0.423).The expression level of microRNAs in tissue and serum samples from PCa were negatively correlated to total prostate specific antigen (tPSA),clinical stages and pathological grade (P ≤0.05).Serum microRNA-218 expression was not significantly different between hormone-dependent PCa patients and newly diagnosed PCa patients,but was significantly lower than that of HRPC patients (P ≤ 0.05),and was positively correlated with tPSA (P ≤0.05).Conclusions The changes of microRNA-218 expression in serum of patients with BPH and prostate cancer can reflect the changes of microRNA-218 expression in tissues.Serum microRNA-218 is expected to be a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and progression of prostate cancer.
ABSTRACT
Indole alkaloid family has been the biggest so far among the various alkaloids,which contains pharmaceutical and effective constituents of various plants featuring diverse biological activities.Thanks to the development of metabonomics,to reveal the biosynthetic pathway of active components for the molecular mechanism of indole alkaloids and the regulation research of plant metabolism present a growing importance and significantly direct the researches of improving biological production.This paper reviewed the biosynthetic pathways of some indole alkaloids in accordance with the structure classification of indole alkaloids to lay a foundation for the further studies on the biosynthetic pathways of indole alkaloids and provide a reference for the biosynthetic pathways of other indole alkaloids.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the application value of MSCT 3D reconstruction technique in flexible ureteroscopy and holium laser lithotripsy (FURL) for subrenal calyx calculus. Methods Data of 67 subrenal calyx calculus patients treated with FURL were analyzed retrospectively. The anatomic difference between surgically cured group and uncured one was compared by measuring the renal pelvis subrenal calyx infundibulopelvic angle (IPA), the calyx width and length, as well as the minimum ratio of subrenal calyx neck width and calyx transverse diameter (minN/T) with MSCT 3D reconstruction technique. The anatomic structure factors that may impact the operative success rate were discussed. Results Among the 67 patients, 52 patients were cured and in cured group, and 15 patients were in uncured group. The average IPA value in cured group was significantly higher than that in uncured group:(54.12 ± 21.32)° vs. (42.12 ± 22.68)° , and there was significantly difference (P<0.05). Twenty-six patients performed CT 3D reconstruction and IVU examination at the same time. The level of IPA in CT 3D reconstruction was significantly higher than that in IVU examination : (53.12 ± 10.16)° vs. (47.67 ± 11.25)° , and there was significant difference (t=1.676, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that IPA and minN/T levels were the influencing factors of FURL for subrenal calyx calculus. Conclusions The MSCT 3D reconstruction technique can better describe the anatomical relationship of the subrenal calyx. The success rate of FURL relates to the IPA value and the min N/T, which is significant in preoperative indication evaluation.