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Objective To investigate the prognostic value of Ki67 and derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) in clinical outcomes of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods A total of 180 patients with undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma confirmed by pathology from January 2011 to June 2015 in our hospital were enrolled.The neutrophil count and white blood cell count before radiotherapy and chemotherapy were collected,and dNLR was calculated.The positive rate of Ki67 in tumor tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry.The predictive values of Ki67 positive rate and dNLR on the overall survival (OS) rate and progression free survival (PFS) rate were evaluated.Results The 3-year OS rate prediction thresholds for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma by Ki67 and dNLR were 73.5％ and 2.21,respectively,which assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.The proportion of TNM Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage in patients with Ki67 ≥73.5％ was higher than that in Ki67 ＜ 73.5％ (100％ vs.89.7％,x2 =5.529,P =0.019);the proportion of T3-4 stage in dNLR ≥2.21 was higher than that in dNLR ＜ 2.21 (91.1％ vs.75.0％,x2 =6.228,P=0.013),and the proportion of TNM Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage in the dNLR≥2.21 group was higher than that in the dNLR ＜ 2.21 group (100％ vs.90.3％,x2 =4.355,P =0.037).Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that Ki67≥73.5％ (HR=3.011,95％CI:1.874-4.982,P＜0.001) and dNLR≥2.21 (HR =2.234,95％CI:1.274-3.382,P =0.001) were independent risk factors for OS in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma,while Ki67 ≥ 73.5％ (HR =2.842,95 ％ CI:2.055-4.337,P ＜ 0.001) and dNLR ≥ 2.21 (HR =2.086,95％ CI:1.452-2.983,P ＜0.001) were also independent risk factors for PFS in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Patients were divided into high-risk group,medium-risk group and low-risk group combined with Ki67 and dNLR,the 3-year OS rates were 20.0％,85.7％ and 95.3％ respectively,and the 3-year PFS rates were 12.0％,78.6％ and 89.4％ respectively,with statistical differences (x2 =15.521,P ＜ 0.001;x2 =15.849,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion Ki67 and dNLR can effectively predict OS and PFS in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma,combined with Ki67 and dNLR can prognose stratification of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Objective To examine the prevalence of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes and their correlation with the genes encoding β-lactamases in E.coli isolates.Methods A total of 200 levofloxacin-and/or ciprofloxacin-resistant E.coli isolates were collected from Fujian Medical University Union Hospital during the period from July to December 2013.PCR method was used to screen these E.coli isolates for the presence of qnrA,qnrB,qnrC,qnrD,qnrS,aac(6')-Ib-cr,qepA,oqxAB genes,and the blaTEM,blasnv and blacTx-M genes in the PMQR positive strains.Agar dilution method was utilized to measure the antimicrobial susceptibility of PMQR-positive strains.Phylogenetic analysis was conducted by triplex PCR.Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) was used to evaluate the genetic similarity between the PMQR-positive isolates.Results Of the 200 clinical isolates of E.coli,58 (29.0％)were PMQR-positive.And qnr,aac(6')-Ib-cr,oqxAB,and qepA genes were positive in 11 (5.5％),41 (20.5％),16 (8.0％),1 (0.5％) strains,respectively.The genes encoding CTX-M-1,CTX-M-9 and TEM type enzymes was positive in 32 (55.2％),17 (29.3％),and 1 (1.7％) of the PMQR-positive strains,respectively.The blasHv gene was not identified in any isolate.PMQR-positive strains were multi-drug resistant.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that 21 (36.2％),17 (29.3％),11 (19.0％),and 9 (15.5％) of the PMQR-positive strains belonged to group A,group D,group B2 and group B 1,respectively.ERIC-PCR suggested the PMQR-positive isolates belonged to 50 different types.Only one strain was non-typeable.Conclusions Most of the PMQR-related genes in E.coli are aac(6')-Ib-cr,qnr,and oqxAB in our hospital,which are highly relevant to β-1actamase genes.PMQR-positive strains may spread by way of non-clonal dissemination in our hospital.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of IL-35 on inflammatory response and T cell response in allergic rhinitis.Methods: 37 patients(observation group) with allergic rhinitis and 35 healthy volunteers(control group) after allergen detection of allergic rhinitisin in our hospital from Jan 2012 to Jan 2016 were selected as study subjects.The peripheral blood of observation group and control group were collected,and the serum levels of IL-35 were detected by ELISA.The animal model of allergic rhinitis in mice was established,the peripheral blood of mice was collected,and the serum level of IL-35 and IgE were detected by ELISA.The eosinophils that infiltrated in nasal mucosa were detected after tissue biopsy in mice.The mouse spleen cells were isolated and the ovalbumin antigen was added in the culture medium,IL-35 was or was not added into the culture medium,the ovalbumin specific T cell responses was detected.The cytokines IL-2,IL-4,IL-5,IL-10,IL-13,IL-17,IL-23,IL-27 and TNF-α in culture supernatant of ovalbumin specific T cells were detected by ELISA.The expression of IL-2,IL-4,IL-5,IL-10,IL-13,IL-17,IL-23,IL-27 and TNF-α in ovalbumin specific T cells were detected by Real-time PCR.The activation of JNK,Erk1/2 and p38 signal pathway in ovalbumin specific T cells were detected by Western blot.Results: The serum level of IL-35 in observation group was significantly lower than control group(P<0.05).The results showed that the number of eosinophils which infiltrated in AR mice nasal mucosa was significantly higher than normal mice(P<0.05),while the serum level of IL-35 in AR mice was significantly lower than normal mice(P<0.05).Ovalbumin specific T cell reactivity assay showed that IL-35 could significantly inhibit the T cell response.ELISA and Real-time PCR results showed that IL-35 could significantly down regulate the expression of IL-4,IL-5,IL-13,IL-17,IL-23 and TNF-α,and up regulate the expression of IL-2,IL-10 and IL-27.The Western blot results showed that IL-35 can inhibit the activation of JNK,Erk1/2 and p38 signal pathway of ovalbumin specific T in cells.Conclusion: IL-35 can regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines in inflammatory response and inhibit T cell response,thus reducing allergic rhinitis,the mechanism may be through regulation of JNK,Erk1/2 and p38 signal pathway activation.
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Objective To discuss applicability of Emotional and Social Dysfunction Scale in Chinese stroke patients. Methods The Chinese version of Emotional and Social Dysfunction Scale was translated and revised, design the questionnaire to conduct two rounds of consultation on 16 experts, and the positive coefficient, the degree of coordination and the degree of authoritativeness of expert opinions were statistically analyzed. Results The positive degree of two rounds consultation were higher. The expert authority coefficient was 0.89. The expert coordination coefficient were 0.375 and 0.571 (P<0.01 for both). Preliminary revised scale contained 6 dimensions and 27 items. Conclusions Emotional and Social Dysfunction Scale is highly reliable and represent, and it can be used as a tool for Chinese stroke patients to assess emotional and social dysfunction,which can provide references for medical staff and patients′ family members to conduct targeted psychological intervention.
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Objective To discuss applicability of Emotional and Social Dysfunction Scale in Chinese stroke patients. Methods The Chinese version of Emotional and Social Dysfunction Scale was translated and revised, design the questionnaire to conduct two rounds of consultation on 16 experts, and the positive coefficient, the degree of coordination and the degree of authoritativeness of expert opinions were statistically analyzed. Results The positive degree of two rounds consultation were higher. The expert authority coefficient was 0.89. The expert coordination coefficient were 0.375 and 0.571 (P<0.01 for both). Preliminary revised scale contained 6 dimensions and 27 items. Conclusions Emotional and Social Dysfunction Scale is highly reliable and represent, and it can be used as a tool for Chinese stroke patients to assess emotional and social dysfunction,which can provide references for medical staff and patients′ family members to conduct targeted psychological intervention.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the relationship between the prevalent species and the seasonal drift law of airborne fungi and respiratory allergic disease in the city of Wuhan.@*METHOD@#Airborne fungi was investigated by exposed sides from 2007 to 2008, and 1674 patients with respiratory allergic disease that were used to do allergens skin test simultaneously, in order to analyze the simultaneous.@*RESULT@#Airborne fungi could be detected in air all over the year. In 2007, the exposed films collected 26 734 fungi spores, and 686 other fungi (hypha and not well known fungi), to the sum of 27420. Otherwise, in 2008, the exposed films collected 26 531 fungi spores, and 730 other fungi, to the sum of 27 261. In the survey, 17 types of species of the collected fungi spores were identified, and the predominant species were alternaria sp, ustilaginales, deightoniella sp, uredinales, and the quantity of Fungi alternaria was most of all . And the peak period mainly concentrated from April to June, and from September to October. Otherwise, the positive rate of fungi skin test in patients with respiratory allergic disease was 10.48% in 2007, but 10.07% in 2008. The main period of onset of respiratory allergic disease was from April to June, and from September to October, similar as the seasonal drift law of airborne fungi.@*CONCLUSION@#The period of onset of respiratory allergic disease was consistent with the seasonal drift law of airborne fungi.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Air Microbiology , Allergens , Allergy and Immunology , China , Epidemiology , Cities , Colony Count, Microbial , Fungi , Allergy and Immunology , Mycoses , Epidemiology , Respiratory Hypersensitivity , Epidemiology , Allergy and Immunology , MicrobiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effects of specific immunotherapy by the nasal spray and/or sublingual contain on the regulation the balance of serum Th1/Th2 cell ratio, and the expression of total IgE (tIgE) level in perennial allergic rhinitis patients.@*METHOD@#Thirty-six cases of allergic rhinitis of perennial (PAR) patients with nasal specific immunotherapy (nasal spray group) were chosen as the object of study, 36 PAR patients with sublingual specific immunotherapy (sublingual group) were chosen for the efficacy comparison group, and 32 cases of healthy adults as control (normal control group). The levels of serum IL-2, IL-4, IL-8 and tIgE in PAR nasal spray group and sublingual group were examined by IRMA and double-antibody sandwich assay before and after the treatment of specific immunotherapy (SIT); The content of IFN-gamma was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; The infiltration and changes of eosinophilic granulocyte were observed by the smear of nasal secretions.@*RESULT@#In nasal spray group and sublingual group, the contents of serum Th1 cytokines IL-2 and IFN-gamma were reduced levels significantly, while the contents of Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-8 and tIgE were significantly increased before the treatment of SIT. After the SIT to the maintenance dose, the levels of IL-2 and IFN-gamma in serum were significantly higher than that before treatment, while IL-4, IL-8 and tIgE content were significantly lower in AR patients (P 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#With the presence of Th1/Th2 cell ratio and cytokine imbalance, the AR patients manifested as Th2 cell function in accentuation. Nasal mucosa and/or sublingual in the local SIT can have changed no-balance Th1/Th2 cell of by regulating the balance of serum Th1/Th2 cell ratio, the expression level of cytokine expression and the level of tIgE.