Effect of H2 S system on space learning and memory ability in PTSD model rat and on the frequency of spontaneous discharges of hippocampus neurons / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the behavior and CBS /H2 S levels of hippocampus in post traumatic stress dis-order (PTSD)rats and study the effect of exogenous H2 S on PTSD rats.Methods Single prolonged stress paradigm was adopted to prepare PTSD animal model. Morris water maze test was adopted to test space learn-ing and memory ability.CBS /H2 S content in hippo-campus tissue sample was measured using Western blot and methylene blue method.In vivo extracellular single unit recording was used to examine the frequency of spontaneous discharges of hippocampus neurons.Re-sults ① Escape latency increased and quadrant time (%)and platform crossing times decreased in Morris water maze test of PTSD group compared with normal group(P <0.01 ).CBS /H2 S level in hippocampus tis-sue of PTSD group also decreased compared with nor-mal group (P <0.01 ,P <0.05 ).② Escape latency decreased and quadrant time(%)and platform cross-ing times increased in Morris water maze test of NaHS+PTSD group compared with PTSD group(P <0.01 ).③ L-cysteine increased the frequency of spontaneous discharges of hippocampus neurons(P < 0.01 ).Con-clusions Learning and memory ability decrease in PTSD model rats owing to the inhibition of CBS /H2 S content in hippocampus tissue.The mechanism of be-havior improvement of H2 S on PTSD model rat is possi-bly related to the excitation of H2 S on frequency of spontaneous discharges of hippocampus neurons.

Clinical observation of auricular acupoint therapy for pain in early-stage extremity trauma / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the efficacy of auricular acupoint sticking based on conventional treatment in treating pain in early-stage extremity trauma.Methods:A hundred eligible patients with acute soft tissue injury or acute closed fracture were randomized into an observation group and a control group by their admission sequence, 50 cases in each group. The two groups both received routine management including routine checking, external fixing, traction, raising up the affected limb, etc., as well as cold compress with Chinese medication (Xiao Zhong Zhi Tong Powder). In addition to the routine management, the control group was given oral administration of amidopyrine and phenacetin compound tablet, 1 tablet per dose, twice a day, which was then taken only when necessary or terminated after pain subsided. The observation group was given auricular acupoint sticking in addition to the routine management. The two groups were compared in terms of numerical rating scale (NRS) score, therapeutic efficacy and adverse reactions after pain was relieved.Results:After the intervention, the NRS scores dropped significantly in both groups (P<0.01); the NRS score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).The total effective rate in the observation group was superior to that in the control group (P<0.05).There were no severe adverse reactions in the two groups.Conclusion:Based on routine management, auricular acupoint sticking can produce a more significant efficacy in treating pain in early-stage extremity trauma compared to amidopyrine and phenacetin compound tablet; it can effectively reduce pain of the affected limb and prevent complications; it's easy-to-operate and safe; patients can learn and understand it easily; its efficacy is confirmed; it enhances the satisfaction degree of the inpatients. Therefore, this method is worth promoting in clinic.

Role of PTEN on Proliferation of Airway Smooth Muscle Cells in Asthmatic Rats / 天津医药

Objective:To investigate the role of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) in regulating proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells in ovalbumin(OVA)-induced asthma rats. Methods：Male Wistar rats (n=16) were randomized into OVA-induced asthma group and control group(8 rats each). The histomorphological changes of bronchia and lung tissues were observed by H-E staining. The expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and PTEN were assayed by immunohistochemistry. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was carried out to determine the changes in the expression of PTEN mRNA. Results: The typical pathological features of asthma were revealed in the OVA-exposed rats including numerous inflammatory cells infiltrated around the bronchia and in the lung tissues, the thickened airway smooth muscle and the narrowed airway. The levels of PCNA were distinctly increased in OVA-induced asthma group than that of control（P < 0.05），while the levels of PTEN and PTEN mRNA were significantly decreased in lung tissues of OVA-exposed rats（P < 0.05）. Conclusion：The gene inactivation of PTEN may play a pivotal role in proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells in asthma rats, and the most probable mechanism is associated with the functions of PI3K signaling pathway.

A novel mutation of GJB6 in Chinese sporadic non-syndromic hearing impairment / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To investigate the contribution of the GJB6 gene [encoding connexin 30 (C?30)] mutations in Chinese population with sporadic non-syndromic hearing impairment. METHODS PCR reactions were performed with two pair of primers for the coding sequence of GJB6 gene and for the deletion of GJB6. PCR products bidirectional sequencing was subsequently applied in 214 patients with hearing loss and 86 normal controls. RESULTS A novel heterozygous mutation-233(C→A) was found, which results in amino acid change, A78D. This mutation wasn't detected in the control subjects. The altered valine residue lies within the second conserved transmembrane domain. The large deletion△(GJB6/ D13S1830)] of GJB6 was not found in this group. CONCLUSION The large deletion of GJB6 was not found in the Chinese deafness population. A novel heterozygous mutation of GJB6 was found. These results indicated GJB6 mutations are not a major cause of hearing loss in the Chinese population.

Positional cloning in Chinese X-linked congenital inner ear malformation family / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE This study aimed at identifying inner ear malformation underlying molecular determinant(s) using a large five-generation Chinese family with multiple familial cases. METHODS Model-based genetic linkage analyses were performed with the use of microsatellite polymorphisms to determine the disease locus. Mutation screening was performed with the family and unrelated population-based controls to establish molecular evidence that caused the specific X-linked inheritance pattern in the family. RESULTS Clinical investigations of the pedigree demonstrated the extremely high penetrance in the male members, but no penetrance in the female members. Linkage analyses mapped the disease to the chromosomal region Xq13.1-Xq23 (maximum X-linkage LOD score = 3.27). Mutation screening of the candidate genes in the linkage region by direct sequencing revealed a de novo missense substitution (925T→C) in the well-known deaf gene POU3F4. Direct sequencing on 110 unrelated controls did not detect any mutation. CONCLUSION a novel mutation of POU3F4 gene was identified to be the causative reason for the hearing loss in family with inner ear malformation.

Detection of WFS1 gene mutations in the Chinese pedigree with low frequency sensorineural hearing loss / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To analyze the mutations of candidate WFS1 gene in the Chinese pedigree with Low frequency sensorineural hearing loss. Methods PCR were performed with fourteen pairs of primers in the coding sequence of WFS1 gene. The PCR products were subsequently sequenced in the 38 individuals of LFSNHL family for screening the gene mutations. Results The PCR amplification fragments showed well quality in the five pairs of primer, and further analysis with frequencing showed no polymorphism and mutations in the members. Conclusion The present study rule out the possibility that the deafness gene WFS1, which locates on the 4p16, lead up to the hearing loss of LFSNHL pedigree.

Founder effect of mutation of GJB2 on the patients of deafness in China / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To determine the frequency of GJB2 mutations in the China hearing loss population, and to screen the GJB2 gene in both hearing loss and normal populations. Methods 141 patients with hearing loss and 150 normal persons (control) underwent mutation screening of single coding exon of GJB2 with bidirectional sequencing to identify sequences alterations. Results Three polymorphisms were found: 79G→A, 109G→A, and 341A→G; and four pathologic mutations were identified: 235delC, 455A→G, 176-191del16 and 504insGCAA. Conclusion The 235delC mutation was found to be the significant cause of hearing loss in Chinese population.