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[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effects of Chaihu Shugan powder ( CSP) on lipid metabolism and the pro-teins involved in adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) pathway in the liver tissues of the rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly di-vided into normal control ( NC) group, with HFD ( HFD) group and CSP group.The NAFLD models were established by feeding with HFD for 16 weeks in the rats.The rats in CSP group were intragastrically administered with CSP extracts (9.6 g· kg-1 · d-1 ) , and blood and liver samples were collected 16 weeks later.Serum and liver levels of total cholesterol ( TC) and triglyceride ( TG) , and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase ( AST) were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer.The histological changes of liver tissues were observed with HE staining, while the lipid deposition was observed with Oil Red O staining.The ultrastructural changes of the liver tissues were observed under transmission electron microscope.Moreover, the protein levels of AMPK, phosphorylated AMPK (pAMPK), SIRT1 and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in the liver were detected by Western blot.RESULTS:The results of HE staining, Oil Red O staining and electron microscopy demonstrated that NAFLD rat model was successfully estab-lished.Compared with NC group, the serum and liver levels of TC and TG, and serum level of AST in model group were markedly elevated ( P<0.01) .Moreover, the protein levels of pAMPK and SIRT1 in HFD group were markedly reduced (P<0.01), whereas UCP2 level was elevated (P<0.01).Furthermore, liver levels of TC and TG, and serum level of AST in GSP group were markedly reduced as compared with HFD group ( P<0.05 ) .The protein levels of pAMPK and SIRT1 were elevated ( P<0.05 ) , whereas the UCP2 level was reduced as compared with HFD group ( P<0.01 ) .The protein level of AMPK between the 3 groups had no significant difference.CONCLUSION: CSP attenuates hepatic lipid disorder and hepatic lipid deposition in NAFLD rats induced by feeding with HFD for 16 weeks, which is associated with the activation of AMPK/SIRT1 pathway.
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[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To explore the role of Huoxue Jiangzhi Recipe in preventing and treating fatty liver in mice and its underlying mechanisms.METHODS:Healthy Kunming mice were fed with high-fat diet and treated intragastrically with different doses of Huoxue Jiangzhi Recipe ( compound of ginseng, panax notoginseng and rhizoma gastrodiae, named as GST) for 2 weeks.The levels of blood lipids and triglyceride ( TG) in hepatic tissues were measured.Meanwhile, liver in-dex and hepatic pathology were observed.The optimized dosage of Huoxue Jiangzhi Recipe was determined by the experi-ments.The mice were divided into normal control group ( NC group, fed with normal diet) and model group ( fed with high-fat diet) .The model mice were subdivided into 3 subgroups 12 weeks later:HF group ( fed continuously with high-fat di-et) , ND group ( fed with normal diet) , GSL group ( fed with normal diet and treated intragastrically with GSL) .The mice in NC, HF and ND groups were given distilled water by gastric perfusion.Two weeks later, all mice were killed, and blood was collected for measuring serum total cholesterol (TC),TG,high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( LDL-C) contents, hepatic TC, TG, malondialdehyde ( MDA ) levels and superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activity were detected.Moreover, liver index and hepatic pathology were also observed.The mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and cytochrome-P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) in the liver was examined by RT-PCR.RESULTS:GST significantly decreased serum lipid, hepatic lipid and MDA levels and elevated SOD activi- ty.Furthermore, GST markedly reduced liver index, improved hepatic adipose infiltration, increased PPARαmRNA ex-pression and inhibited CYP2E1 mRNA expression.CONCLUSION:GST is effective in the treatment of fatty liver in mice by up-regulating PPARα, thus reducing serum and hepatic TG levels, down-regulating CYP2E1 and inhibiting lipid peroxi-dation.
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According to the unique geographical conditions,climatic factors,human constitution,dietary custom,social environment and so on,the main etiology of exogenous cough in Lingnan areas is pathogenic dampness;and the main pathogenesis is phlegm-dampness internal retention and impaired and descending of lung.The syndrome of phlegm-dampness and syndrome of phlegm-heat are more common clinical types.We propose eliminating dampness and resolving phlegm,dispersing and descending lung qi as its main therapeutic methods.For chronic cough,it often have to take the therapeutic methods of strengthening spleen and nourishing lung.
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BACKGROUND: Bone marrow inhibition is a predominant side effect caused by the drugs for anti-tumor.OBJECTIVE: To observe the intervention effect of traditional Chinese medicine qiongyugao on bone marrow inhibition induced by chemotherapy in experimental mice with pulmonary adenocarcinoma.DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Medical College of Jinan University.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed in the Central Laboratory of Medical College of Jinan University from March to October in 2001. Fortyeight healthy, aged 6 to 8 weeks C57/BL mice were involved.METHODS: The mouse model with pulmonary adenocareinoma was made with the method of inoculability of cancer cell, and then the models were group: On the following day of inoculation, 0.2 mL normal saline was used by gavage, and normal saline was injected intraperitoneally at the dosage of amine 20 mg was diluted into 0.2 g/L with normal saline, and performed intraperitoneal injection at the dosage of 5 μL/g, once per day, and 0.2 mL platinum diamine was used as in chemotherapy group and 0.2 mL qiongyugao was administered by gavage at the same time once per day. Peripheral erythrocyte, leukocyte and blood platelet, and karyota in bone marrow counting were detected on the 21 days after administration.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Peripheral erythrocyte, leukocyte and blood platelet, and karyota in bone marrow counting of the mice in each group.RESULTS: Eleven mice failing to have tumor in tumor assessment were excluded from the sample, including 3 in the control group, 4 in the chemotherapy and 4 in the combination group. During the experiment,there were 2 mice dying in each group of the control group and chemotherapy group. Totally 11 mice in the control group, 10 in the chemotherapy group and 11 in the combination group entered the result analysis. Erythrocyte, leukocyte and blood platelets in the combination group and control group were all significantly higher than those in the chemotherapy group [erythrocyte: (8.54 ±0.81 ), (8.65 ±0.77), (4.56 ±1.00) ×1012 L -1;leukocyte:(9.04 ±0.60), (9.14 ±0.71), (3.31 ±0.96) ×109 L -1;blood platelets:(949.09±111.31 ), (955.54±87.13), (399.30±131.36)× 109 L-1 ,P ＜ 0.01]. The number of karyota in bone marrow in the chemotherapy group was significantly lower than those in the combination group and control group [(5.30±1.12),(10.51±1.15),(14.36±1.02)]×106,P ＜ 0.01); while the number of karyota in the control group was higher than that in the combination group (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Qiongyugao can enhance the counting of erythrocyte,leucocyte, blood platelets of peripheral blood and karyota in bone marrow after chemotherapy in mice with pulmonary carcinoma, improve the inhibition of bone marrow induced by chemotherapy, but can not reverse it completely.
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AIM: To investigate effects of different therapeutic methods and typical recipes on activation of ERK1/2 in Kupffer cells of rats with fatty liver.METHODS: The rat model of fatty liver was established by feeding high fat diet combinated with distillate spirit.Meanwhile Chinese medicines Shugan fang,Jianpi fang,Huoxue fang,Qushi fang,and Zonghe fang were given to treat different groups respectively.12 weeks later,the Kupffer cells were isolated from livers of control group,model group and different treatment groups by sequential in situ perfusion with collagenaseⅣ and pronase E,density gradient centrifugation,selective adherence.The expression of total ERK1/2 and phospho-ERK1/2 in Kupffer cells of control group,model group and different treatment groups were detected by Western blotting.RESULTS: The expressions of total ERK1/2 and phospho-ERK1/2 were higher in Kupffer cells from model group than those in control group(P
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AIM: To examine the effect of traditional chinese medicine recipe, Taoren Honghua(semen persicae-flos carthami) decoction, on hyperlipidemia without symptom. METHODS: The plasma TC, TG, LDL, HDL, apolipoprotein(Apo) A, Apo B of the patients with hyperlipidemia without symptom were measured using automatic analyzer (shimadiu CL-7200), the production of nitric oxide(NO) was detected by Greiss reaction, and SOD activity and MDA formation were examined using o-trihydroxy benzene and barbituric methotheds, respectively. RESULTS: After oral administration of Taoren Honghua decoction, the plasma levels of TC, TG, LDL, and MDA of the patients were markedly decreased, however, the plasma levels of ApoA, HDL, SOD and NO were significantly increased and almost no change was detected in the plasma level of Apo B. In control group, it was found that although the plasma level of TC, TG and LDL were decreased ( P
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AIM: To study the effect of xin-tong capsule on nitric oxide production and cGMP content of ventricular myocardium in rats with experimental myocardial ischemia. METHODS: Rat model of acute myocardial ischemia induced by pituitrin was used in this study, and the lift of ST segment in ECG was used as the index of myocardial ischemia. The NO - 2/NO - 3 and cGMP contents of ventricular myocardium in rats with myocardial ischemia were determined.RESULTS: NO - 2/NO - 3 and cGMP contents in ventricular myocardium of myocardial ischemia were (486?59) nmol/g protein and (0.38?0.08) nmol/g protein, respectively, and markedly lower than those of control [(1057?145) nmol/g protein and (0.70?0.09) nmol/g protein] ( P
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AIM: To study the effect of shenmai injection (SMI), a Chinese medicine, on nitric oxide and the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA in myocardium of rats with experimental myocardial ischemia. METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, model (ischemia), SMI 1 and SMI 2 group. A rat model of acute myocardial ischemia was established by isoprenaline treatment and the lift of ST segment in ECG was used as the index of myocardial ischemia. The nitric oxide (NO) contents in serum and myocardium and the expression of eNOS mRNA in myocardium were measured. RESULTS: Compared with control group, ST segment of ECG was significantly elevated 20, 30, 40 min after myocardial ischemia in model group, the lift peak of ST segment occurred 20 min after myocardial ischemia, the concentration of NO in the serum and myocardium and the expression of eNOS mRNA in myocardium were significantly lowered in model group. Compared with the model group, in SMI 1 group and SMI 2 group, the concentration of NO in the serum and myocardium and the expression of eNOS mRNA in myocardium were significantly increased, the lift of ST segment were significantly reduced 20, 30, 40 min after myocardial ischemia. Compared with SMI 1 group, the concentration of NO in the serum and myocardium and the expression of eNOS mRNA in myocardium and the lift of ST segment were not statistically different in SMI 2 group. CONCLUSION: Shenmai injection can increase the expression of eNOS mRNA in myocardium and the content of NO, and protect against myocardial ischemia in rats.
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AIM: To study the preventive effects of Keningfang decoction on the experimental influenza virus pneumonia in mice and its mechanism. METHODS: Fifty NIH mice were divided into five groups randomly (ten mice in each group), normal control group, model group, virazole treatment group, Keningfang I treatment group, Keningfang II treatment group. The FM 1 virus strain that kept in frozen condition were revived and cultured in chick embryo. The mice in every group that were lightly anesthetized by aether, and infected by dropping FM 1 15 LD 50 into the nose, except for the normal control group, by equal volume distilled water. Mice were treated with drugs or distilled water two days before the model was made (0 3 mL, 2 times a day). The mice were treated with drug for six days, then was killed, the lungs were collected, and kept in -70 ℃. HSP70 was measured in the lung tissue by Western blot. Pathologic changes of the mice lungs were observed under microscope. RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, HSP70 in the other groups were increased significantly (P