ABSTRACT
Iron plays an important role in maintaining normal physiological functions of oxygen transportation and electron transfer in the body. However, excessive iron intake will induce the generation of oxygen radicals through Fenton reaction and result in free radical chain reactions, causing lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. Oxidative stress is also known as one of the causes of preeclampsia. Therefore, the correlation between iron overload and preeclampsia has attracted more attention. Relevant publications were reviewed to discuss the potential mechanisms of iron overload under oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of individual antiviral therapy of tenofovir combined with inter-feron α1b for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). METHODS:96 CHB patients were randomly divided into control group,observation group A and observation group B,with 32 cases in each group. Control group was given entecavir orally,0.5 mg,qd;observation group A was given tenofovir orally,1 piece,qd;observation group B was additionally given interferon α1b,50 μg,3 times a week,on the basis of observation group A. The treatment course lasted for 48 weeks in 3 groups. Clinical efficacy of 3 groups was compared,and the changes of serum liver function indexes,HBV-DNA negative conversion rate and the occurrence of ADR were compared before and after treatment. RESULTS:The total effective rate of observation group B(84.38%)was significantly higher than that of observation group A(62.60%)and control group(37.50%),and that of observation group A was significantly higher than control group,with statistical significance (P0.05). The negative rate of HBV-DNA in observation group B were significantly higher than those in control group and observation group A after 12 and 24 weeks of treatment,with statistical significance(P0.05). No obvious ADR was found in 3 groups. CON-CLUSIONS:Tenofovir combined with interferon α1b shows significant clinical efficacy for CHB,and is significantly better than that of entecavir and tenofovir alone.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvessel density (MVD) in placenta tissue and placenta increta.Methods Thirty singleton pregnant women who received antenatal care and underwent cesarean section in Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital between November 2013 and August 2014,were enrolled in this study.They were divided into placenta previa group,placenta increta group and control group,with ten patients in each group.Placenta tissue was collected from each patient.Expressions of VEGF and its mRNA were detected by immunohistochemistry,Western blot,and real-time polymerase chain reaction.MVD in placenta tissue was measured by immunohistochemistry.Rank sum test,t test,Kruskal Wallis test,one-way ANOVA and Spearman correlation test were used for statistical analysis.Results (1) Gestational age at admission and delivery in placenta previa and placenta increta groups was lower than in control group (all P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the placenta previa and placenta increta groups had more blood loss,and longer operating duration and hospital stay (all P＜0.05).(2) The expression levels of VEGF and its mRNA in placenta increta and placenta previa groups were higher than in control group (VEGF:0.691±0.032,0.695 ± 0.027 and 0.518±0.025,respectively,F=373.401;VEGF mRNA:1.667±0.661,1.832±0.678 and 0.767±0.269,respectively,F=27.399;both P＜0.05).But there was no significant difference between placenta previa and increta groups.(3) There was no significant difference of VEGF expression in increta location,border site and normal site in placenta increta group,but its mRNA was decreasing (2.519± 0.116,1.482 ± 0.232 and 1.000± 0.000,respectively,F=240.827,P＜0.05).(4) Expression level of VEGF at the attachment of umbilical cord,upper and lower margin of placenta in placenta previa group was higher than in control group (0.702 ± 0.026 vs 0.528± 0.020,t=12.302;0.698 ± 0.026 vs 0.519±0.035,t=12.715;and 0.685±0.029 vs 0.509±0.010,respectively,t=17.891;all P＜0.05).Expression of VEGF mRNA in placenta previa group was higher than in control group (2.080± 0.539 vs 1.024±0.272,t=8.093;1.587±0.757 vs 0.546±0.083,t=2.401;1.828±0.704 vs 0.731 ±0.157,t=4.259;all P＜0.05).(5) MVD in placenta increta group and placenta previa group was higher than in control group (171.2± 14.7,155.7± 14.6 vs 147.8±12.3,respectively,F=7.277,P＜0.05).(6) Expression level of VEGF in placenta increta group and control group was positively associated with MVD (r=0.825,P＜0.05).Conclusions There may be some common mechanisms in the occurrence of placenta previa and placenta increta.Overexpression of VEGF in placenta and abnormal formation of villous vessels may be important factors in the pathogenesis of placenta increta.