ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the distribution of pathogens, bacterial drug resistance, clinical features and prognosis of bacterial meningitis (BM) in children.MethodsThe clinical data of children diagnosed with BM during January 2011 to July 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Children were divided into good outcome group and poor outcome group by the outcome at discharge. The distribution of pathogens, bacterial drug resistance, clinical features, and prognosis were analyzed among different groups.ResultsThere were included 95 children diagnosed with BM,. among whom 69 (72.6%) children had Gram-positive bacterial infections with predominantStreptococcus pneumonia (43 cases, 45.3%) and 26 (27.4%) children had Gram-negative bacterial infections with predominantEscherichia coli (13 cases, 13.7%). More than 50%Streptococcus pneumonia andEscherichia coli were resisted to penicillin. The neurological complications in children with BM included subdural effusions, hydrocephalus, cerebral parenchyma injury, and hearing and visual impairment, et.al. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that consciousness, coma, and low level of glucose in cerebrospinal lfuid were the independent risk factors for adverse outcome at discharge.ConclusionStreptococcus pneumonia andEscherichia coli were the predominant pathogens in children with BM with high resistance rate to penicillin. BM children may have varying degrees of neurological sequelae. The unconsciousness and low level of glucose in cerebrospinal lfuid were associated with unfavorable outcomes at discharge.
ABSTRACT
To explore the dynamic expression and role of Aquaporin5 (AQP5) in lung development and hyperoxia lung injury, gestation 21-day Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (term=22 days) were randomly assigned to air group and hyperoxia group within 12-24 h after birth. The rats in hyperoxia group were continuously exposed to about 85% oxygen and those in air group to room air. After 1 to 14 days of exposure, total lung RNA was extracted and the expression of AQP5 mRNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Immunohistochemistry and western-blot were used to detect the expression of AQP5 protein. The results showed that the expression of AQP5 in premature rats lung could be detected at various time points after birth, and the positive staining was restricted to the type I alveolar epithelial cells. In air group, the AQP5 expression was detected in a very low level at day 1, but exhibited a persistent increase after birth. Compared with the air group, the expression of AQP5 in hyperoxia group was increased at day 1, and had significant difference in mRNA level (P<0.05), but decreased significantly in mRNA and protein levels after 4 to 14 days (P<0.01 or P<0.05 respectively). It was concluded that AQP5 might play a key role in the alveolar period of premature rats by regulating the lung water balance. Hyperoxia exposure leads to a down-regulation of the AQP5 expression, which may be an important factor for the development of hyperoxia lung injury.
ABSTRACT
To explore the dynamic expression and role of Aquaporin5 (AQP5) in lung development and hyperoxia lung injury, gestation 21-day Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (term=22 days) were randomly assigned to air group and hyperoxia group within 12-24 h after birth. The rats in hypreoxia group were continuously exposed to about 85% oxygen and those in air group to room air. After 1 to 14 days of exposure, total lung RNA was extracted and the expression of AQP5 mRNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Immunohistochemistry and western-blot were used to detect the expression of AQP5 protein. The results showed that the expression of AQP5 in premature rats lung could be detected at various time points after birth, and the positive staining was restricted to the type Ⅰ alveolar epithelial cells. In air group, the AQP5 expression was detected in a very low level at day 1, but exhibited a persistent increase after birth. Compared with the air group, the expression of AQP5 in hyperoxia group was increased at day l, and had significant difference in mRNA level (P＜0.05), but decreased significantly in mRNA and protein levels after 4 to 14 days (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05 respectively). It was concluded that AQP5 might play a key role in the alveolar period of premature rats by regulating the lung water balance. Hyperoxia exposure leads to a down-regulation of the AQP5 expression, which may be an important factor for the development of hyperoxia lung injury.