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Age estimation based on tissues or body fluids is an important task in forensic science. The changes of DNA methylation status with age have certain rules, which can be used to estimate the age of the individuals. Therefore, it is of great significance to discover specific DNA methylation sites and develop new age estimation models. At present, statistical models for age estimation have been developed based on the rule that DNA methylation status changes with age. The commonly used models include multiple linear regression model, multiple quantile regression model, support vector machine model, artificial neural network model, random forest model, etc. In addition, there are many factors that affect the level of DNA methylation, such as the tissue specificity of methylation. This paper reviews these modeling methods and influencing factors for age estimation based on DNA methylation, with a view to provide reference for the establishment of age estimation models.
Subject(s)
Humans , DNA Methylation , CpG Islands , Forensic Genetics , Neural Networks, Computer , Linear Models , Aging/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the value of heart rate variability (HRV ) and sympathetic skin response (SSR) in differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) .Methods We selected 36 PD ,17 essential tremor (ET) and 59 Parkinsonism-Plus (PD-plus) patients diagnosed in our department .We recorded HRV during the period of quiet breath ,deep breath and Vasaval as well as SSR incubation period of the upper limbs and lower limbs . Results ① During the period of quiet breath ,HRV decreased significantly in PD group compared with that in ET group (P< 0 .05) ,and abnormality rate of HRV in PD group was higher than that in ET group .HRV did not significantly differ between PD and PD-plus .HRV did not significantly differ among the three groups during the period of deep breath and Vasaval .② SSR incubation period showed no significant difference among PD ,PD-plus and ET groups .③ The specificity and sensibility of HRV in PD and PD-plus differential diagnosis were 22 .8% and 82 .6% , while for PD and ET differential diagnosis the values were 66 .9% and 82 .6% . The specificity and sensibility of SSR in PD and PD-plus differential diagnosis were 39 .0% and 52 .6% , 29 .4% and 52 .6% , respectively ,for PD and ET differential diagnosis .Conclusion Compared with those in ET patients ,HRV in PD patients decreases and HRV abnormality rate increases .HRV is of great value in differential diagnosis of PD and ET but not in differential diagnosis of PD and PD-plus .Determining SSR incubation period does not have much value in differential diagnosis of PD ,PD-plus and ET .
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Objective To evaluate the effects of different ratios of medicine dosage for propofol and sevoflurane on postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment.Methods Ninety-six patients of both sexes,aged 65-75 yr,weighing 60-80 kg,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective lower limb fracture operation under general anesthesia,with mild cognitive impairment before surgery,were assigned into 4 groups (n =24 each) using a random number table:propofol group (group P),sevoflurane group (group S) and different ratios of medicine dosage for propofol and sevoflurane groups (group PS1 and group PS2).Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were used to evaluate the cognitive function of patients at 1 day before operation (T0) and 7 days after operation (T1).Venous blood samples were collected at T0 and T1 for determination of the concentrations of plasma apolipoprotein J (ApoJ) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Compared with group S,MMSE and MoCA scores were significantly increased and plasma concentrations of ApoJ and sCD14 were decreased at T1,and the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction was decreased in P,PS1 and PS2 groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group PS1,MMSE and MoCA scores were significantly decreased and the plasma concentrations of ApoJ and sCD14 were increased at T1,and the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction was increased in P and PS2 groups (P＜0.05).MMSE and MoCA scores were significantly lower and plasma concentrations of ApoJ and sCD14 were higher at T1 than at T0 in S,P and PS2 groups (P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference in the parameters mentioned above between T1 and T0 in group PS1 (P＞0.05).Conclusion Combination of propofol 1.2 μg/ml given by target-controlled infusion and 0.7-1.2％ sevoflurane inhalation for maintenance of anesthesia does not aggravate the postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment.
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Objective To investigate the appropriate compatibility of appropriate compatibility of sevoflurane and propofol for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion in order to protect their cognitive function.Methods Eighty patients, 41 males, 39 females, aged 65-75 years, BMI 17-26 kg/m2, ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, scheduled to undergo elective posterior lumbar interbody fusion, were to be scored according to Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), mini mental state examination (MMSE), dementia scale (CDR) and daily living ability scale (ADL) to identify patients with MCI before the surgery.They were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=20 each) using a random number table: TCI propofol 2.0-2.5 μg/ml group (group P), TCI propofol 1.2 μg/ml+sevoflurane 0.6 MAC group (group PS1), TCI propofol 0.6 μg/ml+sevoflurane 0.9 MAC group (group PS2), 1.0-1.5 MAC sevoflurane group (group S).MoCA and MMSE were used to evaluate the cognitive function of patients 1 d before the operation (T0), after patients become wide-awake (T1), 3 d and 7 d after operation (T2 and T3).Apolipoprotein J (ApoJ) concentration related to cognitive function in blood samples, which were drawn at T0-T3 would be measured with ELISA method.Results Compared with T0, the scores of MMSE and MoCA in four groups decreased significantly (P＜0.05) at T1, the scores of MMSE and MoCA in group S decreased significantly (P＜0.05) at T2;compared with T1, the score of MMSE in the four groups increased significantly at T2, T3 (P＜0.05).The scores of MMSE at T1, T3 in group S decreased significantly compared with groups P, PS1 and PS2 (P＜0.05).The scores of MoCA at T2, T3 in group S decreased significantly compared with groups P, PS1 and PS2 (P＜0.05).Compared with T0, the concentration of plasma ApoJ in the four groups increased significantly at T1 (P＜0.05).Compared with T1, the concentration of plasma ApoJ in the four groups decreased significantly at T2 and T3 (P＜0.05).Compared with group PS1, the concentration of plasma ApoJ at T1, T3 increased significantly in groups S and group PS2 (P＜0.05).Conclusion TCI propofol 1.2 μg/ml combined with 0.6 MAC sevoflurane group is the appropriate compatibility of sevoflurane and propofol for patients with MCI undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion,because it has less negative influence on cognitive function and lower concentration of plasma ApoJ.
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OBJECTIVE@#To understand the prevalence of H.pylori infection in patients with cirrhosis, and liver cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), and to investigate the relationship between H.pylori infection and liver cirrhosis, and liver cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma in patients.@*METHODS@#Serum anti-H.pylori antibodies IgG (HpIgG) was measured by dot immunogold filtration assay (DIGFA) in 101 liver cirrhosis and 42 liver cirrhosis with hepatoma patients and alpha-fetopro-tei(AFP)was determined by chemiluminescence.@*RESULTS@#HpIgG seroprevalence was 42.57% (43/101) in the liver cirrhosis patients, and 69.05% (29/42) in the liver cirrhosis with the HCC patients. HpIgG seropositivity in the liver cirrhosis with the HCC patients was higher than in those without HCC. HpIgG seropositivity in the HBV positive patients was higher than in the HBV negative patients (chi2=4.164, P=0.041). HpIgG seropositivity in the AFP abnormal patients was higher than in the AFP normal patients (chi2=4.695, P=0.030).@*CONCLUSION@#H.pylori may be a risk factor in patients with cirrhosis and HCC.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antibodies, Bacterial , Blood , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , Blood , Microbiology , Helicobacter Infections , Helicobacter pylori , Liver Cirrhosis , Blood , Microbiology , Liver Neoplasms , Blood , Microbiology , Risk Factors , Seroepidemiologic Studies , alpha-Fetoproteins , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the possible role of interstitial cell of Cajal (ICE)in the pathogenesis of diabetic gastroparesis and the protective effect of"Xiaopi prescription (消痞方)".Methods Fifty healthy male Spregue-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (each n=10):normal, model,and 3 Xiaopi prescription groups:low,middle and high dosages.Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of alloxan,and equal amount of normal saline was intravenously injected in the normal group.Gastric lavage method was used to administer the traditional Chinese medicine decoction of Xiaopi prescription in corresponding amount (5,10 and 20 g?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)) in respective low,middle and high dosage groups.In the normal control group and diabetic model group,only equal amount of normal saline was administered into the stomach.Gastric emptying rate was measured by method of nutritious semisolid paste;c-kit positive cells of ICC were quantitatively measured with immunohistochemistry assay and computer image analysis system;c-kit mRNA positive cells were quantitatively measured with in situ hybridization and computer image analysis system.Results①Gastric emptying rate:The rate was significantly lower in the model group than that in the normal control group (P0.05),but higher than those in the model group and the low dosage group (all P0.05).②c-kit immmunohistochemistry:c-kit positive cell presented yellow in color,and its membrane was stained yellow,this kind of cells primarily were distributed around the neural plexus in the inter-space between the circular and longitudinal muscular fibers, and around the ganglionic cells forming"sheath-like"structure.The results of numbers of c-kit positive cells in the various groups:the number of the cells in the model group was significantly lower than that in the normal group (P0.05),but the numbers in the former two dosage groups were obviously higher than those in the model group (all P0.05),being significantly lower than that in the normal group,middle and high dosage groups (all P0.05),but obviously higher than those in the model group (all P0.05),being significantly lower than that in the normal,middle and high dosage groups (all P