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ObjectiveTo observe the lower limb muscle activation strategy of healthy middle-aged and old women during stair ascent and descent with surface electromyography. MethodsFrom August, 2021 to February, 2022, 20 healthy middle-aged and old women were measured the surface electromyography root mean square (RMS) and integrated electromyography (iEMG) of bilateral vastus lateral, rectus femoris, vastus medialis, biceps femoris and semitendinosus during stair ascent and descent, and co-contraction ratio was calculated. ResultsDuring stair ascent, the RMS of bilateral vastus lateral, rectus femoris and vastus medialis was higher at starting stage than at following stage (|t| > 6.650, P < 0.001), while the RMS of biceps femoris and semitendinosus was lower (t > 3.559, P < 0.01); and the co-contraction ratio of hamstrings/quadriceps was lower at starting stage than at following stage (t > 8.185, P < 0.001). During stair descent, the RMS of bilateral vastus lateral, vastus medialis, biceps femoris and semitendinosus was higher at following stage than at starting stage (t > 2.345, P < 0.05), as well as the co-contraction ratio of hamstrings/quadriceps (t > 2.405, P < 0.05). ConclusionThe activities of the muscles around the knees are almost symmetrical during stair ascent and descent for healthy middle-aged and old women. The activation and co-contraction ratio of quadriceps and hamstring are various at starting/following stages.
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BACKGROUND: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is an extremely important static structure that stabilizes the structure of the knee joint. Many scholars have found that an insufficient understanding of normal anatomical structure and biological characteristics of the ACL results in poor outcomes in the ACL reconstruction. OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical effects of single-bundle and double-bundle single-tunnel techniques in ACL reconstruction with allogeneic tendon. METHODS: (1) Anatomy research: Six fresh knee joints were used for the experiments, and X-ray, CT and MRI were taken for each sample to confirm no osteoclasia, tumor and collapse of ACL. Then the ACL was stripped from the tibial bone and used to run hematoxylin-eosin staining and observe the fiber distribution of each piece of the ACL. (2) Clinical research: A total of 40 cases of ACL arthroscopic reconstruction were involved in this study, including 19 single-bundle ones and 21 double-bundle ones. The International Knee Documentation Committee 2000 subjective knee form (IKDC2000), Tegner and Lysholm evaluations were performed in all the patients. Paired t-test was used to analyze the IKDC, Tegner and Lysholm scores before operation and at follow-up time. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Anatomy research: From the view of anatomy, there was no evidence to support the double beams of the ACL at the tibial end by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Clinical research: Forty patients (40 knee joints) were successfully followed for over 12 months, and their joint range of motion was normal. The IKDC, Tegner and Lysholm scores were all improved in both two groups after the surgery, while the Larson scores were significantly higher in the double-bundle group than the single-bundle group. To conclude, the single-tunnel double-bundle ACL reconstruction is better to restore the knee stability than the single-bundle ACL reconstruction. This is an easy operation that has the merits of operating conveniently, restoring the normal anatomy of the tibial end, and exhibiting excellent short-term therapeutic effects. However, its long-term effects are uncertain.
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Objective To evaluate the incidence and severity of pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with different leg deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA).Methods A total of 145 cases who had been confirmed DVT and undergone CTPA were retrospectively analyzed.The DVTs were divided into left side DVT,right side DVT,and bilateral lower DVT groups.The incidence of PE was compared among different groups.CT obstruction index (CTI) was used to estimate the severity of pulmonary artery obstruction.DVT/PEs with CTI were compared among different groups.Results The incidence of PE of the bilateral lower DVT group was 71.4％,which was higher than that in left side DVT group (39.2％).However,no significant difference was found between bilateral lower DVT group and right side DVT group (52.9％) (P ＞ 0.05).The CTI of the bilateral lower DVT (30.20±14.20)％ was higher than that of the left side DVT (19.26 ± 14.02)％ and the right side DVT (18.56 ±11.79) ％ (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The bilateral lower DVT was more likely complicated with PE than the left side DVT,the severity of pulmonary artery obstruction of the bilateral lower DVT with PE patient was higher than that of single side DVT with PE patient.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common inflammatory rheumatic disease which lacks satisfactory treatment so far. Sinomenine (SIN) is an alkaloid and has recently been utilized in treating multiple rheumatic diseases including AS in China, but its exact mechanism remains to be explored. This study investigated the alteration of proteome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from AS patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty AS patients were enrolled in this study. PBMCs from each AS patient were cultured in medium with or without SIN respectively. Then PBMCs proteins from both groups were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS). Two differentially expressed proteins were then chosen to be verified using Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seven proteins, including a-synuclein (SNCA), calmodulin (CALM), acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family member A (ANP32A), chloride intracellular channel protein 1 (CLIC1), guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 (GNB1), gelsolin (GSN) and histone H2B type 1-M (HISTH2BM) were over-expressed, while coronin- 1A (CORO1A) was under-expressed in the SIN-treated PBMCs. Further bioinformatics search indicated that the changes of SNCA, ANP32A and CLIC1 pertained to apoptosis, while changes of GSN and CORO1A were associated with both apoptosis and inhibition of immunological function. Subsequently GSN and CORO1A were selected to validate by Western blotting and the results were consistent with those of 2-DE.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There were 8 differentially expressed proteins in the SIN-treated PBMCs, which might shed some light on the mechanism of SIN in the treatment of AS.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Blood Proteins , Blotting, Western , Cells, Cultured , Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional , Leukocytes, Mononuclear , Chemistry , Morphinans , Pharmacology , Proteomics , Methods , Reproducibility of Results , Spondylitis, Ankylosing , BloodABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of combined gene therapy with interference hTERT and TRF2 gene on the treatment of breast cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Recombinant adenovirus rAd-hTERT and rAd-TRF2 expressing siRNA-hTERT and siRNA-TRF2 was constructed, and the vectors were transfected into MCF-7 cells. Than the expressions of hTERT and TRF2 proteins were detected by Western blot, the inhibition of MCF-7 cell proliferation by MTT colorimetry, and the changes of MCF-7 cell cycle by flow cytometry and the colony forming ability of MCF-7 cells by clone form test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At 48 h after transfection, the relative expression amounts of hTERT protein of the PBS control group, rAd-blank group, rAd-HK control group, rAd-hTERT group, rAd-TRF2 group and rAd-hTERT and rAd-TRF2 group were 1.00, 0.94 +/- 0.02, 0.95 +/- 0.04, 0.18 +/- 0.04, 0.95 +/- 0.01 and 0.18 +/- 0.04, respectively. The relative expression amounts of TRF2 protein were 1.00, 1.01 +/- 0.08, 0.96 +/- 0.02, 0.95 +/- 0.08, 0.22 +/- 0.01 and 0.26 +/- 0.02, respectively. After transfection of rAd-hTERT or rAd-TRF2 into MCF-7 cells separately, the inhibition rate of cell proliferation was only 54.6% and 48.4%, there was 8.9% +/- 1.2% or 9.2% +/- 2.3% of MCF-7 cells into M phase, 66.4% +/- 1.5% or 64.6% +/- 1.9% of MCF-7 cells was arrested at G(0)/G(1) phase, and the cell colony forming ability was decreased significantly (cell colony number from 100 in PBS control group down to 41.3 +/- 5.1 and 43.7 +/- 6.4). But after transfection by rAd-hTERT and rAd-TRF2 simultaneously, the inhibition rate of cell proliferation was about 82.1%, and M phase cells was significantly reduced to 4.4% +/- 1.2%. Large numbers of cells were arrested at G(0)/G(1) phase (81.4% +/- 1.3%), and the cell colony forming ability was more significantly decreased (cell colony number there were only 29.2 +/- 3.9).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>More effective effect of tumor gene therapy can be achieved by combination of interference hTERT and TRF2 genes as compared with interference by either of the single gene alone.</p>