Vector biological monitoring and strategy to prevent and control severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV) in Daishan Country Zhoushan Islands 2011-2018 / 上海预防医学

Objective To study the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV)-related vector biological monitoring in Daishan County, Zhoushan Island of Zhejiang Province, and to explore the prevention and control strategies. Methods The monitoring was conducted as follows:squirrel-cage method was used for rodents from 2012 to 2014;the Buqi method for free tick density in villages and towns with confirmed cases in Daishan County from 2015 to 2018;and body surface comb method for parasitic ticks.RT-PCR method was used to detect SFTSV in ticks and rat specimens.Epidemiological survey followed by extensive health education was conducted from 2011 to 2015.Comprehensive health prevention and control measures, such as precision health education and chemical elimination of vectors were taken from 2016 to 2018. Results A total of 327 rodents were captured, including 172 stinking shrews, accounting for 52.60%, and 92 yellow mice, accounting for 28.13%.The main species of ticks was Haematopsus longicortus, accounting for 94.20%.Among them, there were 135 parasitic ticks in three species:Haematopsus longicorum, S.scallopus, and T.nigra. There were 382 free ticks in 6 species, including Haematopsichum longicorum, Sickle fan tick, Hemophilus fannicus, Ixodes ovaliformis, Ixodes granulata, and Ixodes sinensis.From May to October in 2015, the density of field ticks was ≥50 per cloth flag.From May 2016 to 2018, after the elimination application of chemical agents for elimination, the density of ticks was ≤50 per cloth flag.All ticks and rodent specimens tested by RT-PCR were negative for SFTSV.Since precision education in 2016, the awareness rate of SFTS in rural areas has increased from 32.05% to 83.33%.Approximately 70 early warning notices for the epidemic situation were issued in advance.Since 2017, the number of SFTS has been declining year by year, and only 8 cases occurred in 2018. Conclusion In the field environment, chlorothalonil is the dominant mouse species and long horn blood ticks are the dominant ticks.The government leadership, cooperation among departments, technical service provided by professional organization, health education, reduction of tick density in residential environment, timely risk early warning notice, and other comprehensive prevention and control hand strategy all contribute to the achieved result of prevention and control.

Preparation and property of platinum microcoil modified by a copolymer-VEGF conjugate / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prepare a platinum microcoil coated with polymers and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and evaluate its surface characteristics and property of sustained VEGF release.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The surface of the platinum microcoils (GDC) were modified by coating P(DLLA-co-TMC) copolymer and immobilizing heparin on the surface of GDC. VEGF was then loaded onto the surface of GDC and the controlled release of VEGF within GDC was achieved. The morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope, and the sustained release of VEGF was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Platinum coils were prepared by successive deposition of P(DLLA-co-TMC) copolymer and anionic heparin, and VEGF was immobilized through affinity interaction with heparin. The accumulative release of VEGF increased obviously during the entire testing period without burst release.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The use of P(DLLA-co-TMC) copolymer allows immobilization of VEGF on the platinum coils for controlled VEGF release, and improves the biological property of the coils.</p>

Combined application of virtual imaging techniques and three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography in diagnosing intracranial aneurysms / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The diagnostic value of virtual imaging combined with three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography (3D-CTA) for intracranial aneurysms has not been fully elucidated yet. This study aimed to evaluate the value of combined application of virtual imaging techniques and 3D-CTA in diagnosing patients with aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) at the acute stage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty patients with non-traumatic SAH received 3D-CTA examinations. The raw CT data of these patients were reconstructed and transferred into the 3D mode through the surgical plan system based on virtual reality (VR) image, and the 3D virtual images of skulls and brain blood vessels were acquired. The location, size and shape of aneurysms and their anatomic relationship with adjacent tissues were measured from many points of view.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seventy-three aneurysms were detected in 68 of the 80 patients, but 2 aneurysms were detected in 2 of the 5 patients who had been found free of aneurysms previously and had received 3D-CTA examinations for a second time one month later. The 3D virtual images produced by the virtual imaging system were clear and vivid, and they could reveal the location and size of the aneurysm and its relations to the parent artery and skull directly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The imaging of 3D-CTA is convenient, reliable and fast in diagnosing intracranial aneurysms and can be regarded as the first choice for the diagnosis and treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms. Combined with the surgical plan system based on the VR image, 3D-CTA may obtain more imaging information about aneurysms.</p>

Application of virtual imaging technique in diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the value of virtual imaging technique in diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-four cases of 54 intracranial aneurysm diagnosed by three-dimensional CT angiography (3D-CTA) examinations were enrolled in this study. Three-dimensional virtual images of the skull and cerebral vessels were acquired by three-dimensional reconstruction of the original CT images using the surgical planning system, and the location, size and shape of the aneurysms and their anatomical relationship with the adjacent tissues were observed and measured from several angles. All the patients underwent surgical planning and simulated surgical operations using the virtual surgical instruments available in the system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the 54 cases had successful three-dimensional virtual image reconstruction and the surgical planning operations. The virtual imaging system generated clear and vivid three-dimensional virtual images which clearly visualized the location and size of the aneurysms and their precise anatomical relations to the parent arteries and skull. This virtual reality imaging system also allowed simulation of simple surgical procedures.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The surgical planning system based on the virtual reality imaging can serve as a useful means to assist the diagnosis and provide precise imaging details of intracranial aneurysms.</p>

Digital subtraction angiography after intracranial aneurysm embolization: A follow-up study / 中国脑血管病杂志

Objective: To explore the problems of recanalization and rebleeding after intracranial aneurysm embolization and the necessity of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) follow-up. Methods: One hundred and two patients with intracranial aneurysm (114 aneurysms, of them, 2 patients with multiple intracranial aneurysms, each with one small aneurysm did not coiled) were selected for endovascular embolization with Guglielmi detachable coil (GDC), electrolytical detachable coil (EDC), mechanical detachable spiral (MDS) or Matrix detachable microcoils and were followed-up by the DSA from January 1997 to January 2005. The mean follow-up period was 10.5 months (1 month to 6.5 years) after the procedures. They were compared with the immediate DSA images after the embolizations. Results: Endovascular coiling procedures were performed in 112 aneurysms. 100% occlusion was 51.79% (58/112) after the initial embolization, ≥ 95% occlusion was 33.04% (37/112), and < 95% occlusion was 15.17% (17/112). After embolization, 87 (77.68% ) patients the coils were stable, 6 patients with residual aneurysms (5.36%), and 19 aneurysms (16.96%) recanalized. Among the 90 aneurysms embolized with GDC or EDC, 14 (15.56%) recanalized. Among the aneurysms with 100%, ≥95% and < 95% occlusion, their recanalize rates after the procedures were 4.08%, 26.67% and 36.36%, respectively, and there were significant differences among them (P < 0.01). Nine recanalized aneurysms were reembolized with GDC, and rebleeding did not occur. Among 5 recanalized aneurysms, 1 aneurysm experienced rebleeding later. Of the 18 aneurysms embolized with MDS recanalization, 5 recanalized during the follow-up period. The aneurysms treated with Matrix detachable microcoils or Neuroform stents + Matrix detachable microcoils, the aneurysms were occluded completely on follow-up DSA, even the inital occlusions were nearly complete or incomplete. Conclusion: The recanalization of intracranial aneurysms is associated with the initial embolization and the embolic materials used. DSA follow-up should be emphasized, and additional coiling should be performed if the aneurysm is recanalized.

Expression of TGFbeta1 and its type I receptors ALK1 and ALK5 mRNA in brain arteriovenous malformation / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the expression of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) and its type I receptors activin-like kinase 1 (ALK1) and ALK5 mRNA in the development of brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mRNA expressions of TGFbeta1, ALK1and ALK5 were detected with semiquantitative RT-PCR in patients with BAVM.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressions of TGFbeta1 and ALK5 mRNA increased significantly in BAVM, and their relative expression quantity were 0.777-/+0.047 and 0.585-/+0.074, respectively. However, ALK1 mRNA expression declined significantlies with a relative expression of 0.173-/+0.044 in comparison with the control group (0.720-/+0.098, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The balance of TGFbeta1 and its type I receptors ALK1 and ALK5 mRNA expressions may play important role in the development of BAVM.</p>

Protective effect of qi dong yi xin on acute myocardial infarction in dogs / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the protective effects on acute myocardial infarction of QDYX in dog.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The corconary ciculation and cardial oxygen metabolism, the degree and range of myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarct size, and the changes of the enzymes in serum were determined by using the acute myocardial infarction model of ligation of LAD in the anaesthetized open-chest dogs.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The coronary resistance and cardial oxygen consumption were decreased and the myocardial blood flow was increased in dogs treated with QDYX of 1.0,2.0 mg.kg-1. The degree and range of myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarct size and the activity of serum CK, LDH were decreased in acute myocardial infarcion dogs treated with QDYX of 1.0,2.0 mg.kg-1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>QDYX can decrease cardial oxygen consumption in dogs, thus having protective effect on myocardial ischemia.</p>

Relationship of bleeding complications and impairment of draining veins after ?-n-butyl cyanoacrylate embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the causes,consequences and management of injuries to the draining veins after embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations(BAVMs)with ?-n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA).Methods The angiographic imaging data of 189 BAVMs patients who underwent NBCA embolization were studied retrospectively.The status of the draining veins before and after NBCA embolization was observed and compared.The intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)complications and their relation to their angiographic features were analyzed.Results Twenty-three patients out of 189 patients showed injuries to the draining venous system,including 10 low-grade injury,6 moderate injury,and 7 high- grade injury.Six patients suffered from ICH after embolization,of whom 4 patients were due to injuries of the draining veins(2 moderate and 2 high-grade).In the 3 months follow-up evaluation of 4 patients with ICH, one died,one was in vegetative state,and the other two patients suffered from residual severe or minor (1 patient for each)permanent neurological deficits.Conclusion Our findings suggest that injury of the draining veins is the major cause of ICH and may lead to serious consequences after embolization of BAVMs with NBCA.

Treatment of aneurysms rupture during endovascular embolization / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the treatment of aneurysms rupture during endovascular embolization.Methods Nine aneurysms ruptured during the embolization and were treated with endovascular embolization.The reasons of aneurysms rupture during embolization,the prevention and the first aid after aneurysms rupture were analysed.Results Seven patients recovered and 2 died.Conclusions The optimal treatment of aneurysms rupture during endovascular embolization is effective,(J Intervent Radiol,2007,16: 132-134)