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BACKGROUND:At present,many drugs used in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome are super-designated drugs,and the treatment of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome still faces great challenges.Studies have shown that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells can repair ovarian function,but few studies have reported their therapeutic effect on polycystic ovary syndrome. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the therapeutic effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on polycystic ovary syndrome,and to preliminarily explore the correlation between mitochondrial autophagy and the improvement of polycystic ovary syndrome by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:Polycystic ovary syndrome mouse model was established by subcutaneous injection of dehydroepiandrosterone for 20 days into C57BL/6J mice.Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(2×106)were injected through the caudal vein.After treatment,vaginal secretions were collected for 10 consecutive days to detect the estrus cycle of mice.At 2 weeks after treatment,the levels of sex hormones in the peripheral blood of mice,including luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone,were detected by ELISA.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to evaluate ovarian histopathology.Finally,mitochondrial autophagy in ovaries was observed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)After human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell therapy,follicles at different stages(primitive follicles,primary follicles,and secondary follicles)appeared in the ovary of polycystic ovary syndrome mice,and luteal tissue could be seen,indicating that ovulation function of mice was effectively improved.(2)Polycystic ovary syndrome mice treated with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells had sex hormone levels.(3)Untreated polycystic ovary syndrome mice were found to be in the estrous stage for a long time,lacking estrous interphase and estrous phase,but after human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell therapy,the estrous cycle returned to a normal level.(4)After treatment with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,the mitochondrial autophagy of polycystic ovary syndrome mice was significantly reduced.(5)The results show that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells can effectively improve the symptoms of endocrine disorders and promote ovulation in polycystic ovary syndrome mice,which may be related to the inhibition of mitochondrial autophagy.
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@#In order to reveal the intestinal absorption mechanism of saikosaponin d (SSd) in vitro and in vivo, the current research investigated the effects of different experimental conditions (time, concentration, temperature, pH, intestinal segments), transporter inhibitors, paracellular pathway enhancer, metabolic enzyme inhibitors on the intestinal absorption of SSd, in Caco-2 monolayers and a single pass perfusion model in rats.The results showed that the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) and effective permeability coefficient (Peff) of SSd were 4.75 × 10-7 - 6.38 × 10-7 cm/s and 0.19 × 10-4- 0.27 × 10-4 cm/s, respectively, indicating that it was a low permeability compound, and that the transmembrane transport of SSd was concentration-dependent (0.5-5 μmol/L) and time-dependent (0-180 min).Ileum was the main absorption site for SSd. Experimental results based on Caco-2 monolayers showed that the P-gp inhibitor and paracellular permeability enhancer significantly increased the absorption of SSd (P < 0.05), which was consistent with the results obtained in rats. Inhibitors of OATPs and OCTs showed different results in vitro and in vivo, which may be related to the lower expression of them in jejunum.In summary, the intestinal absorption of SSd occurs through a carrier-mediated and energy-dependent transport, as well as passive diffusion, and P-glycoprotein plays an important role in the active transport of SSd.
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Objective To isolate and identify Prevotella nigrescens (P.nigrescens) in gingival cre-vicular fluid of patients with chronic periodontitis and to analyze its tumor-promoting role in esophageal squa-mous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods Samples of gingival crevicular fluid were collected from patients with chronic periodontitis and cultured on GAM agar medium under anaerobic conditions. Black colonies on GAM agar plates were picked for subculture, and then the bacteria were isolated and purified. Bacterial identification was conducted using Gram staining and 16S rDNA sequencing analysis. The isolated bacterial species was used to infect ESCC NE6-T cells and the changes in biological characteristics of the infected cells were evaluated. Results Multiple bacterial colonies were observed after anaerobic culturing of gingival cre-vicular fluid samples for 120 h on GAM agar plates. A single bacterial colony with pure black and smooth appearance was obtained from grey black bacterial colonies with streak method. It was a Gram-negative bac-terium with bead-like shape. It showed 99. 78％ 16S rDNA sequence identity with P. nigrescens F0103 and was named P. nigrescens LY01. P. nigrescens LY01 infection promoted the in vitro proliferation, migration and invasion of NE6-T cells and the growth of subcutaneous xenograft in nude mice. In addition, it could al-so induce the upregulation of Ki67 and activation of p-STAT3. Conclusions P.nigrescens inhabiting in gin-gival sulcus might promote the progression of ESCC in human with chronic periodontitis.
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Objective@#To isolate and identify Prevotella nigrescens (P.nigrescens) in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with chronic periodontitis and to analyze its tumor-promoting role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).@*Methods@#Samples of gingival crevicular fluid were collected from patients with chronic periodontitis and cultured on GAM agar medium under anaerobic conditions. Black colonies on GAM agar plates were picked for subculture, and then the bacteria were isolated and purified. Bacterial identification was conducted using Gram staining and 16S rDNA sequencing analysis. The isolated bacterial species was used to infect ESCC NE6-T cells and the changes in biological characteristics of the infected cells were evaluated.@*Results@#Multiple bacterial colonies were observed after anaerobic culturing of gingival crevicular fluid samples for 120 h on GAM agar plates. A single bacterial colony with pure black and smooth appearance was obtained from grey black bacterial colonies with streak method. It was a Gram-negative bacterium with bead-like shape. It showed 99.78% 16S rDNA sequence identity with P. nigrescens F0103 and was named P. nigrescens LY01. P. nigrescens LY01 infection promoted the in vitro proliferation, migration and invasion of NE6-T cells and the growth of subcutaneous xenograft in nude mice. In addition, it could also induce the upregulation of Ki67 and activation of p-STAT3.@*Conclusions@#P. nigrescens inhabiting in gingival sulcus might promote the progression of ESCC in human with chronic periodontitis.