Simple nucleus pulposus removal for the treatment of prolapsed and displaced lumbar disc herniation / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical effect of the simple nucleus pulposus removal and small incision interlaminar window in the treatment of prolapsed and displaced lumbar disc herniation.@*METHODS@#From February 2016 to February 2018, 35 patients with single-segment prolapse and displaced lumbar disc herniation were treated by the simple nucleus pulposus removal and small incision interlaminar window under general anesthesia. Among them, there were 21 males and 14 females;aged (42±17) years;27 cases of L@*RESULTS@#All the operations were successful and the operation time was 30 to 60 min with an average of 40 min, the intraoperative blood loss was 10 to 30 ml with an average of 20 ml. All the patients were followed up for 1 to 3 years with an average of 1.2 years. Thirty-five patients with low back pain and lower limb symptoms were significantly relieved or disappeared. According to modified Macnab standard, 29 cases obtained excellent results, 5 good, and 1 fair.@*CONCLUSION@#Applying the concept of minimally invasive operation, small incision interlaminar window and simple nucleus pulposus removal for the treatment of prolapsed and displaced lumbar disc herniation has the advantages of short operation time, definite curative effect, and less trauma. And it is a safe and effective surgical method under the premise of strict control of the indications.

Efficacy of thunder-fire moxibustion combined with external applicaion of powder for mild and moderate knee osteoarthritis / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the therapeutic effect between thunder-fire moxibustion combined with external applicaion of powder and thunder-fire moxibustion alone for mild and moderate knee osteoarthritis.@*METHODS@#A total of 70 patients with mild and moderate knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 35 cases in each group. In the observation group, thunder-fire moxibustion combined with external applicaion of powder were applied, Thunder-fire moxibustion was applied at Xuehai (SP 10), Liangqiu (ST 34), Neixiyan (EX-LE 4), Yanglingquan (GB 34) and point, external applicaion of powder was given to the affected knee after the treatment of thunder-fire moxibustion. Simple thunder-fire moxibustion was given in the control group. All patients in the two groups were treated once a day, 7 days as one course and the consecutive 4 courses were required, with an interval of 1 day between courses. Before and after treatment, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score were used to assessed knee pain, stiffness and physical function in the two groups. In addition, the efficacy was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the VAS scores, total scores of WOMAC, pain scores, stiffness scores and physical function scores were reduced after treatment in the two groups (<0.01), and the scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (<0.01, <0.05). The total effective rate was 97.0% (32/33) in the observation group, which was superior to 91.2% (31/34) in the control group (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Thunder-fire moxibustion combined with external applicaion of powder are superior to simple thunder-fire moxibustion in improving the symptoms and delaying the development of the disease for mild and moderate knee osteoarthritis.

Study on relationship among INS genetic polymorphismsms and the occurrence of type 2 diabetes and serum IAA-Ab levels / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the relationship between polymorphisms of gene promoter region INS 5′UTR single nu-cleotide and type 2 diabetes and serum IAA-Ab levels.Methods By Sequenom MassArray SNP genotyping detection technology, INS 3 pyomter regime single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs689,rs714641 77 and rs3842738)of 497 patients in Chongqing with type 2 diabetes cases(treatment group)and 500 cases(control group)were genotyped and analyzed.IAA-Ab levels in diabetes patients was detected.Theχ2 test statistic was used to analyze the treatment group and control groups.The genotype frequency distribution of IAA-Ab-positive and negative groups SNP was analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression,adjusted for sex,age impact,cal-culated the odds ratio (OR)and 95 % confidence interval(CI ).The polymorphic loci with type 2 diabetes susceptibility and serum GAD-Ab levels was evaluated.Results The genotype frequency distribution of rs689AA,TT and AT was 58.75%,28.77% and 12.47%,respectively.The control group are 50.40%,35.60% and 14.00% respectively.The difference was statistically significant (χ2 =3.923,P <0.05).Compared with the genotype of AA,TT genotype can decrease risky of diabetes,with OR values 0.35(95%CI :0.18-1.06).There was significant difference of AA,TT,AT genotypes between IAA-Ab negative and IAA-Ab positive pa-tients (P < 0.05 ).Conclusion INS polymorphisms might be related to the risky of type 2 diabetes and serum IAA-Ab level in chinses population.

Clinical significance of CC3/TIP30 expression in breast carcinoma and its correlation with HER-2/neu / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical significance of CC3/TIP30 protein's expression in breast carcinoma and its correlation with HER-2/neu.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of CC3/TIP30 and HER-2/neu protein was detected in 112 breast cancer tissues which was collected from January 2004 to January 2005 by immunohistochemistry and the relationship with clinic pathological parameters and prognosis was analyzed. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) which target to knock out CC3/TIP30 were transfected into SK-BR-3 cells. Real-time PCR were used to detect the level of CC3/TIP30 and HER-2/neu mRNA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results of immunohistochemistry showed CC3/TIP30 protein was correlated with TNM stage, lymph node status, HER-2 status and molecule classification (P = 0.048, 0.019, 0.027, 0.011), but there was no association with age, tumor size, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor. Real-time PCR results revealed that CC3/TIP30 siRNA down-regulation the level of its mRNA, accompanied by a decline in the expression of HER-2/neu gene mRNA, the difference was statistically significant (F = 56.797, P = 0.000; F = 165.101, P = 0.000). In addition, Kaplan-Meier curves of disease-specific survival analysis showed a marked difference in the subtype of HER-2 protein positive between CC3/TIP30 positive group and negative group (χ(2) = 10.732, P = 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The loss of CC3/TIP30 is related to occurrence and development in breast cancer, suggesting early onset of metastasis and recurrence. Perhaps CC3/TIP30 can be considered as a sub-typing indicator in HER-2 positive breast cancer.</p>

Expression and its clinical significance of miR-155 in human primary breast cancer / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of the miR-155 in human primary breast cancer and its clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February to June 2009, 45 pairs of specimens of human primary breast cancer and matched nontumor breast tissues were collected from the patients who received operation for breast cancer. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the miR-155 expression in those specimens.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The stem-loop RT-PCR was sensitive and specific enough to detect the expression of the miR-155. The median relative expression of miR-155 was 0.360 in tumor samples, and it was 0.135 in matched nontumor breast tissues, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). It's indicated that the up-regulation of miR-155 expression was associated with advanced TNM clinical stage (median 0.316, 0.358 and 0.417 respectively for stage I, II and III tumor, P = 0.002), lymph node metastasis (median 0.383 and 0.355 respectively for cases with positive and negative lymph nodes, P = 0.034), higher proliferation index [median 0.387 and 0.353 respectively for cases with high proliferation index (Ki67 > 10%) and low proliferation index (Ki67 ≤ 10%), P = 0.019], estrogen receptor-positive (0.367 and 0.318 respectively for cases with positive estrogen receptor and negative group, P = 0.041) and progesterone receptor-positive (0.398 and 0.335 respectively for cases with positive progesterone receptor and negative group, P = 0.029) in patients with breast cancer.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expression of miR-155 is up-regulated in primary breast cancer, especially in patients with positive estrogen and progesterone receptor. miR-155 may play an important role in the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of human primary breast cancer, and it could be a indicator in the diagnosis and prognosis of primary breast cancer.</p>

The effect of cyclooxygenase-2 on lymphangiogenesis in breast cancer / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) on lymphangiogenesis in breast cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By the means of immunohistochemistry, COX-2, vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and D2-40 were examined in the tissue samples of primary tumors from 94 patients underwent surgical resections for breast cancer from November 1998 to March 2002. Eighty-three patients were followed-up. The expressions of VEGF-C mRNA and protein were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot in MDA-MB-231 cell lines by the treatment of selective COX-2 inhibitor Nimesulide at different doses. The expressions of VEGF-C protein were evaluated in MDA-MB-231 cells treated by PGE2 (1 microg/ml) and Trastuzumab (1 microg/ml), respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>COX-2 over-expression was observed in 46.8% of surgical specimens (44/94), while VEGF-C overexpression occurred in 51.1% of tumor samples (48/94). COX-2 was strongly correlated with VEGF-C expression (P < 0.01), micro-lymphatic vessels (P = 0.032) and metastatic lymph nodes (P = 0. 035). Patients with COX-2 positive tumors had a significant shorter survival time than those with negative tumors did, including disease-free survival (P = 0.010) and overall survival (P = 0.040). Nimesulide could down-regulate the expressions of VEGF-C mRNA and protein in a does-dependent manner, while PGE2 could up-regulate the expressions. The expression of VEGF-C protein up-regulated by PGE2 treatment was decreased by Trastuzumab.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>COX-2 over-expression can up-regulate the expression of VEGF-C. VEGF-C might promote lymph node metastasis by a lymph-angiogenic pathway, then affect the prognosis of the patients with breast cancer.</p>

Vector-mediated HER-2 RNA interference against HER-2-positive breast cancer / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the feasibility of vector-mediated RNA interference for HER-2-positive breast cancer therapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A plasmid vector capable of mediating HER-2 RNA interference was constructed, and HER-2-positive breast cancer cell line SKBR-3 was transfected with this constructed vector. The expression of HER-2 mRNA and protein was analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blotting, and the growth and apoptosis of SKBR-3 cells was analyzed after transfection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressions of HER-2 mRNA and HER-2 protein was downregulated in response to vector-mediated HER-2 RNA interference, which also resulted in tumor cell growth inhibition and increased number apoptotic cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HER-2 is a good target for RNA interference and RNA interference targeting HER-2 can lead to HER-2 breast cancer cell apoptosis and growth inhibition.</p>

Appraise In Ethics And Choice of The Ethical Principle About Human-body Experiments / 中国医学伦理学

There exists the contradiction between medical value and social ethics on human-body experiments,so the ethics requires that we should set a comprehesive appraise and choose the corresponding ethical principle to standardize the behavior of human-body experiments.