Acesso a serviço de saúde e reabilitação auditiva de adultos e idosos durante o período inicial da pandemia COVID-19 no Brasil / Access to health service and hearing rehabilitation for adult and older adults during the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil / Acceso a servicios de salud yrehabilitación auditiva para adultos y ancianos durante el período inicial de la pandemia COVID-19 en Brasil

Introdução: A perda auditiva é uma deficiência comum na população mundial e contribui para dificuldade na comunicação verbal e redução da qualidade de vida, evidenciando a importância da identificação precoce, reabilitação e acompanhamento audiológico dessa deficiência para mitigar suas consequências. Durante a pandemia da COVID-19, as medidas restritivas diminuíram a capacidade de atendimento dos serviços de saúde auditiva e dificultaram a busca de auxílio para resolver problemas relacionados à adaptação aos dispositivos eletrônicos de amplificação sonora (DAES), sendo uma barreira no processo de reabilitação da perda auditiva. Objetivo: Caracterizar os usuários de DEAS e o processo inicial de reabilitação auditiva de adultos e idosos e verificar fatores associados ao retorno para a consulta de monitoramento auditivo durante o período inicial da pandemia da COVID-19.Métodos: Estudo observacional transversal com usuários adultos e idosos de um serviço ambulatorial de saúde auditiva com retorno para consulta de monitoramento auditivo agendada no período inicial da implementação das medidas restritivas da pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes conseguiu retornou para a consulta de monitoramento auditivo, sendo eles em sua maioria idosos, do sexo feminino e vacinados contra a COVID-19. Houve maior prevalência de adaptação adequada aos DAES. Não houve associação estatística entre as variáveis relacionadas à adaptação aos DAES, COVID-19 e saúde mental e o retorno à consulta de monitoramento auditivo. Conclusão: Os fatores relacionados à adaptação aos DAES, à COVID-19 ou à saúde mental não influenciaram o retorno à consulta de monitoramento auditivo na presente pesquisa. (AU)

Introduction: Hearing loss is a common disability in the world population and contributes to difficulty in verbal communication and reduced quality of life, highlighting the importance of early identification, rehabilitation and audiological monitoring of this disability to mitigate its consequences. During the COVID-19 pandemic, restrictive measures reduced the service capacity of hearing health services and made it difficult to seek help to solve problems related to adaptation to personal sound amplification products (PSAPs), being a barrier in the rehabilitation process of hearing loss. Aim: To characterize PSAPs users and the initial hearing rehabilitation process for adults and elderly people and verify the factors associated with the return to hearing monitoring consultations in the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study with adults and elderly people: elderly users of an outpatient hearing health service who return for a scheduled hearing monitoring consultation in the initial period of the implementation of restrictive measures of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Results: Most participants were able to return to the hearing monitoring clinic, the majority of whom were elderly, female and vaccinated against COVID-19. There was a higher prevalence of adequate adaptation to the PSAPs. There was no statistical association between variables related to adaptation to PSAPs, COVID-19 and mental health and return to hearing monitoring consultation. Conclusion: Factors related to adaptation to PSAPs, COVID-19 or mental health did not influence the return to hearing monitoring consultation in the present investigation. (AU)

Introducción: La pérdida auditiva es una discapacidad común en la población mundial y contribuye a la dificultad en la comunicación verbal y a la reducción de la calidad de vida, destacando la importancia de la identificación temprana, rehabilitación y seguimiento audiológico de esta discapacidad para mitigar sus consecuencias. Durante la pandemia de COVID-19, las medidas restrictivas redujeron la capacidad de atención de los servicios de salud auditiva y dificultaron la búsqueda de ayuda para resolver problemas relacionados con la adaptación a dispositivos electrónicos de amplificación del sonido (DEAS), siendo una barrera en el proceso de rehabilitación de la pérdida auditiva. Objetivo: Caracterizar a los usuarios de DEAS y el proceso inicial de rehabilitación auditiva de adultos y ancianos y verificar los factores asociados al retorno a las consultas de monitorización auditiva en el período inicial de la pandemia COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio observacional transversal con adultos y ancianos: ancianos usuarios de un servicio ambulatorio de salud auditiva que regresan para consulta de monitorización auditiva programada en el período inicial de la implementación de medidas restrictivas de la pandemia de COVID-19 en Brasil. Resultados: La mayoría de los participantes pudieron regresar a la clínica de monitorización auditiva, la mayoría de los cuales eran ancianos, mujeres y estaban vacunados contra COVID-19. Hubo mayor prevalencia de adaptación adecuada a la DEAS. No hubo asociación estadística entre variables relacionadas con adaptación a DEAS, COVID-19 y salud mental y retorno a consulta de monitorización auditiva. Conclusión: Los factores relacionados con la adaptación a DEAS, el COVID-19 o la salud mental no influyeron en el retorno a la consulta de monitorización auditiva en la presente investigación. (AU)

Life purpose before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in elderly physical activity practitioners in the interior of Amazonas State: a longitudinal study

Introduction: the aging that happens in the world is already a reality in remote and fast areas of the interior of Amazonas; with the population increasing each day more longevous, it is necessary to understand the aging process in these regions where the practice of physical activity is a reality, it was described the presence of life purpose in a group of older people who practice physical activity in the community. Objective: we investigated the presence of life purpose in older people who practiced physical activity before and during the covid-19 pandemic in the interior of Amazonas. Methods: this longitudinal study was conducted with 63 older people who practiced physical activity in a group before and during the covid 19 pandemic in the countryside of Amazonas. Sociodemographic and health characteristics were assessed, as well as well-being and life direction, through the life purpose questionnaire. Results: the elderly in this study have been followed since 2019; before the covid 19 pandemic struck the world, they practiced regular physical activity and had to temporarily suspend their training during the critical period of the pandemic. The group is composed mainly of older adults between the ages of 60 and 79; most are illiterate, have an income of not even one minimum wage, report living with someone, and say their vision as the regular or poor yet still present presence of life purpose and life direction. Conclusion: during the Covid-19 pandemic and social isolation, the elderly had a reduced perception of purpose in life, although they reported joy and satisfaction with life

Prática de exercício físico e função física em grupo de idosos durante a pandemia por COVID19 no interior do Amazonas / Exercise practice and physical function in a group of older people practicing physical activity during the COVID 19 pandemic in the interior of Amazonas state

Objetivo: Descrever a presença da prática de exercício físico e de função física em um grupo de idosos durante a pandemia por COVID-19 no interior do Amazonas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com idosos ativos que realizavam exercício físico por pelo menos 3 vezes na semana por 50 minutos no interior do Amazonas. Avaliou-se a prática de exercício físico antes e durante a pandemia e aplicaram-se duas questões investigativas referente a COVID-19. Para avaliar a capacidade funcional e física aplicou-se o Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 63 idosos ativos da comunidade. Destes, 31,8% (21) eram analfabetos, 74,2% (49) aposentados e 75,8 % (50) de baixa renda. No SPPB 27,3% (18) apresentaram total de 10 pontos e 14,29% (9) dos idosos realizam exercício físico acima dos minutos recomendados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). Conclusão: Neste estudo nenhum fator durante a pandemia interferiu na prática de exercício físico e nem na capacidade funcional dos idosos que residem no interior do Amazonas.

The association between vitamin D and BDNF on cognition in older adults in Southern Brazil

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the association between vitamin D and the cognitive decline of older adults and evaluate whether this association is mediated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) serum concentration. METHODS Cross-sectional study nested in a population-based cohort. Of the 604 participants in the complementary examination of the EpiFloripa Study, 576 older adults (60 years or older) were eligible for the study. The outcome is cognitive decline evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination, the exposure is vitamin D, and BDNF is the mediator. The control variables are age, sex, per capita family income, and educational level. The direct effect of vitamin D and BDNF on cognitive decline and the indirect effect mediated by BDNF was evaluated using path analysis, with the estimation of standardized coefficients. RESULTS Among the participants, we observed a direct and positive effect of vitamin D on cognitive function (Coef: 0.06; 95%CI: 0.02 to 0.11; p < 0.001) and serum BDNF concentration (Coef: 21.55; 95%CI: 9.92 to 33.17; p = 0.002), i.e., the higher the vitamin D, the higher the cognitive function and serum level of BDNF. CONCLUSION There was an association between vitamin D on serum BDNF and on cognitive decline in older adults. Moreover, BDNF did not have an effect on cognitive decline, so BDNF was not a mediator of the vitamin D effect on cognitive decline.

A Stimulation and rehabilitation program: Oficina da Lembrança / Programa de estimulação e reabilitação cognitiva: Oficina da Lembrança

This study aimed to present the method of the multi-center program of cognitive stimulation and rehabilitation known as "Oficina da Lembrança" (Memory Workshop), held at the University of Southern Santa Catarina, Federal University of Santa Catarina and Federal University of São Paulo. This project has assisted about 450 people aged 50 or older with memory complaints. Each session consists of one to three meetings/week (approximately 20 meetings/semester), with groups of 10 to 20 participants to carry out activities on computers, physical activity and individual oral reports of the experiences they had at the meetings (approximately 90 minutes). In the first and final six-monthly meeting, sociodemographic, health and behavioral variables, cognitive performance, functional disability and presence of depressive symptoms are collected. The project was implemented in 2006 and it is expected to continue. Programs like this are extremely important in society because they can provide benefits to the population, especially in terms of helping cognitive improvement, thus promoting health and socialization.

Este estudo objetivou apresentar o método do programa multicêntrico de estimulação e reabilitação cognitiva "Oficina da Lembrança", em execução na Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina e Universidade Federal de São Paulo. O projeto já atendeu aproximadamente 450 pessoas com 50 anos ou mais de idade com queixas de memória. Cada sessão é composta de um a três encontros/semana (aproximadamente 20 encontros/semestre), com grupos de 10 a 20 participantes que realizam atividades em computadores, atividades físicas e relatos individuais orais sobre as experiências do encontro (aproximadamente 90 minutos). No primeiro e último encontro semestral são coletadas variáveis sociodemográficas, de saúde e comportamentais, desempenho cognitivo, capacidade funcional e presença de sintomas depressivos. O projeto foi implementado em 2006 e tem perspectiva de continuidade. Programas como este são extremamente importantes na sociedade, pois podem proporcionar benefícios à população, principalmente auxiliar na melhora cognitiva, promovendo saúde e sociabilização.