[Effects of growth hormone replacement on clinical, radiologic and laboratory parameters improvement in children with vitamin -D dependent rickets [type-2]]

Rickets, which occurs during bone growth development, is a result of severe vitamin D deficiency, that has autosolamal subtypes, i.e. A- type 1- [VDDR-I], due to a defect of the 1-alfa-hydroxilase enzyme and B] type -2[VDDR-II], due to a mutation in the intracellular vitamin -D receptor [VDR], associated with some specific symptoms like alopecia [global head hair loss] and short stature. Diagnosis was established based on physical examination, laboratory findings and radiological examination. We report here 3 cases with vitamin D-dependent rickets, type-II, all members of the same family [2 sisters, aged 1.5, 5 years and their 5 year-old cousin] who had referred to the endocrine and metabolic center in the Imam-Reza hospital in Mashhad, presenting with limb deformities, wide wrist, seizures, disorder in dental growth, alopecia, and several bone fractures. Despite various treatments, they had not recovered. However it was notable that after receiving growth hormone therapy for growth failure, rickets symptoms improved dramatically in clinical, laboratory, and radiological parameters. Using growth hormone therapy to improve height, we observed improvements in the underlying disease of siblings with VDDR-type-II. Growth hormone therapy may be advisable to treat VDDR-type II symptoms

[Prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its relation with depression]

According to destructive consequences of untreated attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], this study was done to evaluate of the prevalence of adult ADHD and its relation with depression among Iranian students. This descriptive study was carried out on 414 students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran during 2010-11. ADHD was screened by ADHD self report scale for adult ADHD and asking DSM-IV criteria from parents for childhood ADHD. Beck depression inventory questionnaire was used to determine depression. The prevalence of adult ADHD and childhood ADHD was 3.9% and 8.5%, respectively. Depression was more prevalent in those with adult or childhood ADHD. Depression was more prevalent in under graduate than post graduate students [P<0.05]. Depression is more prevalent in students with adult ADHD or with history of childhood ADHD

Evaluation of beliefs and behaviors of girls [11-18 years] about HIV/AIDS in Orumia city

The number of people living with HIV continues to rise, despite the fact that effective prevention strategies exist. Information alone is not enough to produce sustained behavior change. Our purpose was to investigate behavior among teenager girls to use them for next programs. This is a kind of qualitative research, done on the basis of interviews of teenager girls in uromia. Interviews designed semi-organized to study complex aspects of interviewees' talks. Most of the interviewees have mentioned Television, Teachers and Mothers as their source of information. Less than 10% have mentioned sexual behaviors as the main reason for acquiring AIDS. Behavioral prevention has been mentioned as a prophylactic in less than 10% of the interviews. In some of the interviews, prevention by vaccination or definite treatment has been mentioned .Less than 50% have suggested free distribution of syringe. In none of the interviews question of their reaction in facing the AIDS persons are as follows: I escape, become shocked, and would be careful. Go away, don't talk, A kind of stress have been noticed in their faces in answering this question. All of them disagree with marrying the addicted person and they were more eager to have tests before marriage. Results were showed; beliefs and common behaviors among teenagers should be changed and for changing them, life-skilled-based education and programs should be used for teenagers to reduce the number of AIDS