ABSTRACT
Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the most important occupational health issues in the world
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 333 stay-at-home working mothers. We used modified Nordic questionnaire for this study. Data was collected by trained interviewers
Results: The most common musculoskeletal disorders were in the low back [49.5%], neck [24.1%], and shoulder [21.2%] areas. The results showed that there were significant relationships between low back and knee pain and BMI [p=0.008], between shoulder pain and laundry method [p=0.04], between leg pain and house cleaning method [p=0.01], and between knee pain and use of stairways [p=0.004]
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and the use of various devices in household chores. More research is recommended to clearly identify the correlates of musculoskeletal disorders
ABSTRACT
To evaluate patients with advanced retinopathy of prematurity [ROP] among neonates referred to Poostchi ROP clinic in Shiraz from March 2006 to February 2008. Among referred infants to Poostchi clinic for screening and management of ROP, medical records of patients with advanced ROP [stage 5] at initial examination or during disease progression were evaluated. Information regarding gestational age, time of diagnosis, follow-up programs and causes of delayed screening were recorded. Overall, 20 patients [11 male, 9 female] out of 1024 reffered neonates had advanced ROP which was unilateral in 3 [15%] and bilateral in 17 [85%] patients. Advanced ROP was due to late diagnosis and treatment in 17 [85%] patients and treatment failure in 3 [15%] patients. Main causes of delayed diagnosis were uninformed parents in 10 [50%] patients, misdiagnosis by an ophthalmologist in 3 [15%] patients, socioeconomic problems and parental ignorance in 3 [15%] patients and poor systemic condition of the neonate in 1 [5%] patient. The main cause of visual loss due to advanced ROP is uninformed parents and health care providers as well as absence of an organized screening program
ABSTRACT
The key to successful long-term peritoneal dialysis [PD] is permanent and safe access to peritoneal cavity. The two most commonly used Tenckoff catheters for PD are the straight and coiled catheters. The present study was undertaken to assess the catheter survival, catheter associated infections, and all cause mortality and to compare the straight with coiled catheters in PD. During April 1997-August 2006, 96 patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis in Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran were enrolled in this study. In 53 patients straight catheter and in 43 patients coiled catheter were used. The catheter survival, and catheter associated infections including peritonitis and exit site infection rate were compared between the two groups. The catheter survival in the two groups was in favor of coiled ones. Catheter associated peritonitis and exit site infection were more prevalent in patients with straight catheters [P=0.027 and P=0.006 respectively]. Overall patient survival rate was not different between the two groups [P=0.919]. There was no difference regarding tunnel infection between the two groups [P=0.673]. Straight PD catheters were not associated with more overall patient morality rate but less catheter survival was noted in this group. In comparison with coiled PD catheters, peritonitis and exit site infection were seen more frequently in patients dialyzed using straight catheters. We found no difference regarding leakage episodes [P =0.562] or re-operation due to catheter malposition resulting in catheter salvage [P =0.26]. Overall re-operation rate was not different between the two groups [P =0.732]. Straight PD catheters were not associated with more patients' morality rate but had less catheter survival than coiled PD catheters. Peritonitis and exit site infection were found more frequently in patients dialyzed with straight catheters
Subject(s)
Humans , Catheterization, Swan-Ganz , Survival Rate , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
In the present study the effect of hemodialysis on pulmonary function tests [PFT] and respiratory symptoms of CRF [Chronic Renal Failure] patients was studied. Respiratory symptoms of 18 CRF patients were recorded using a questionnaire, before, in the middle and the end of dialysis. PFT values of patients were also measured in three phases. In addition, baseline PFT values and respiratory symptoms of CRF patients [PFT values and respiratory symptoms before dialysis] were compared with the data of a matched control group of normal subjects [n=18]. Most respiratory symptoms in CRF patients [cough, sputum and breathless] were significantly more prevalent, than control group [p<0.005 to p<0.001]. The values of forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV[1]], peak expiratory flow [PEF], maximal mid expiratory flow [MMEF] and maximal expiratory flow at 75%, 50%, and 25% of the FVC [MEF[75], MEF[50], and MEF[25] respectively] in CRF patients were also significantly lower than control group [p<0.001 for all cases]. Most respiratory symptoms of CRF patients at the middle and the end of dialysis were significantly lower than the beginning of dialysis. [p<0.05 to P<0.001]. In addition, some respiratory symptoms were also significantly improved at the end compared to the middle of dialysis [p<0.05 for all cases]. However, the dialysis did no effect PFT values in CRF patients. The results of this study showed that dialysis in CRF patients can improve the respiratory symptoms but has no effect on PFT values
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Malnutrition is one of the important causes of mortality and morbidity in chronic renal failure. In this study we assessed the Prevalence of malnutrition in patients with chronic hemodialysis and CAPD
Material and Method: In this study we assessed 22 patients on hemodialysis [11 male, 11 female] and 20 patients on CAPD [11 male and 9 female] and in total 42 patients for clinical evidence of malnutrition. Four Subjective parameters including loss of body weight, Anorexia, loss of muscle mass and loss of subcutaneus fat pad were used. Every parameter was scored from 1 to 7 and then total score from 4 parameters concluded. If the total score were 7 or less than 7 the diagnosis of malnutrition was made
Results: 20% patients on CAPD and 13.2% patients on hemodialysis in Ghaem hospital of Mashhad were suffered from mild malnutrition. We did not have any cases of moderate or severe malnutrition. Prevalence of malnutrition in patients on hemodialysis or CAPD did not have any significant differences [p>0/05], and also six of patients had no effects on prevalence of malnutrition [p>0/05]. All cases of malnutrition in CAPD were seen in patients which dialysed for more than one year where as in patients with hemodialysis all cases of malnutrition were seen in the first year of dialysis [p<0/02]. Patients with recurrent peritonitis in CAPD patients had more malnutrition [p<0/005]
Conclusion: prevalence of malnutrition in our chronic dialysis patients is less than from majority of other studies but because of increasing of mortality and morbidity rate in patients with malnutrition we must sopport these patients with suitable diet. Early referral the patients with CRF to nephrologist and proper initation of dialysis will decrease prevalence of malnutrition. In other hand with prolongation of dialysis treatment in patient with CAPD and decrease of residual renal function and recurrent peritonitis the prevalence of malnutrition will increase