ABSTRACT
Background: Skeletal muscle relaxants are structurally distinct drugs prescribed for reducing muscle spasms, pain, and hyperreflexia. Centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants are manufactured by various pharmaceutical companies with variable price. The present study, aimed to analyze the cost variation of various brands of centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants, so as to help the physician to choose the cost effective treatment.Methods: Current index of medical stores (CIMS) April 2018 and online literature were used as information guide to review the prices of drugs used in the treatment of musculo skeletal pain and spastic neurological disorders.Results: Among anti spasmodic group, thiocolchicoside 4 mg shows maximum price variation of 337.5%, whereas carisoprodol 350 mg shows the least variation of 0.1%. It is evident from antispastic group that baclofen 10 mg shows maximum price variation of 93.91% and 5 mg of Baclofen shows the least variation of 11.22%. It is observed that, among anti spastic group, a percentage prize variation of 93.91 for 10 mg and 11.22 for 5 mg baclofen. Largest % prize variation is seen in metaxalone + diclofenac sodium (400+50) mg as 525% and the least variation is observed in tolperisone+ paracetamol (150+325) mg as 3.88%.Conclusions: Centrally acting orally effective skeletal muscle relaxants are commonly prescribed for painful musculoskeletal and spastic neurological disorders. Physicians should give due importance for the cost of the drugs while selecting appropriate drug for musculo skeletal disorders.
ABSTRACT
Background: Adverse drug reactions are due to hazards of drug therapy and can occur with any class of drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate and record adverse drug reactions reported from various departments of a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A Cross Sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital for a period of 4 months from March to June 2017 after Institutional Ethics Committee approval. ADRs reports collected and analyzed for causality, severity and preventability by international standardized scales.Results: A total of 38 ADR’s were reported during the study period with male predominance (58%). Most of the ADR’s (42%) were common in patients in the age group 19-39 years. More number of ADR’s were from Medicine (29%). Most commonly affected organ systems were skin (45%). The drugs mostly accounted were antibiotics (55%) especially Cephalosporins (33%). According to Naranjo’s causality assessment scale 74% of reactions were probable, 26% were possible, Modified Hartwig and Seigel severity assessment scale revealed 45% ADRs to be moderate, 42% were mild and 13% were severe, Modified Schumock and Thorton Preventability assessment scale which revealed 61% ADRs were not preventable, 32% were probably preventable,7% were definitively preventable.Conclusions: Adverse Drug Reactions are common and some of them resulted in increased healthcare cost due to need of some interventions and increased length of hospital stay. The health system should promote the spontaneous reporting of ADR’s. The proper documentation and periodic reporting to Pharmacovigilance Centres is required to ensure drug safety.