[To compare dialysis adequacy in patient's that referred to Golestan province hemodialysis centers]

Hemodialysis has been used as a replacement therapy in patients with end-stage renal failure for several decades. Insufficient and low efficient hemodialysis increases the mortality rate in the patients. The aim of this study to compare the dialysis adequacy in patient's that referred to Golestan province hemodialysis centers. In this descriptive-comparative study 389 patients that have been underling permanent hemodialysis in eight hemodialysis centers of Golestan province were selected as census sampling method. Demographic date form [7 questions] patient registered dates in dossier according to study purpose [12 questions] were used as date gathering tools. Blood samples obtained before and after hemodialysis. Before starting hemodialysis and five minutes after pump stopping, arterial Blood urea nitrogen [BUN] was measured and then KT/V was calculated according to Daugirdas II formula. Statistical tests such chi-square, one way ANOVA and post hoc Analysis with Scheffe' test were used for data analyses in SPSS 13 environment. Mean of KT/V and URR in the eight hemodialysis centers of Golestan province were 1.33 and 63.22% respectively. Kalaleh hemodialysis center had highest level of KT/V [Mean=1.59] and Aghala hemodialysis center had lowest level of KT/V [Mean=1.03] and this difference was statistically significant [P<0.05]. There was statistically significant correlation between KT/V and hemodialysis time, venous and arterial needle distance, venoarterial needle direction and blood flow rate [P<0.05]. The study showed that, hemodialysis efficacy in this province is near to standard and it could be improved with some considerations such as increasing in hemodialysis time, venous and arterial needle distance and needle distance

[Mucocutaneons manifestation in end stage renal disease patients under hemodialysis in 5th Azar hospital in Gorgan, Iran [2009]]

Mucocutaneons manifestations are common in hemodialysis patients.The aim of this study was evaluate the prcvalence of cutaneous and mucosal manifestations in end stage renal disease [ESRD] patients who are on the maintenance hemodialysis. This cross sectional study was performed on 100 [51 males, 49 females] hemodialysis patients in 5 Azar hospital in Gorgan, North of Iran during 2009. Patients selected on randomly based an all of them completely examined by a deramatologist for any changes in skin, hair, nail and mucous membrane. If necessary biopsy perform and refer to a pathologist. Data analysed with SPSS-13, mann-whitney, t-test, Chi-Square and Fisher tests. The average age was 49 +/- 12.3 years. The most common causes of ESRD was dibetes mellitus. The most common skin lesion was xerosis [78.3%], after that pruritis [39.1%] lentigo [34.8%] skin discoloration [32.6%] leukonychia [32%] thining of nail bed [24%] were common lesions. Lentigo was more common in female than male 42.85% vs 21.50% [p=0.042]. Xerosis [p<0.01], scaling [p=0.042], lentigo [p<0.01], folliculitis [p<0.01], idio pathic guttate hypopigmentation [p<0.01] leukonychia [p<0.01] and half and half nail [p<0.01] have meaningful correlation with age. There was also meaningful correlation between dialyis duration and skin discoloration [p<0.031] and leukonychia [p<0.041]. Clubhing and ca-p product also have meaningful correlation [p<0.027]. Pruritis [p<0.048] and skin fungal infection [p<0.047] [tinea versi color] also have meaningful correlation with serum ferritin level. Mucocutaneous manifestation were common in end stage renal disease patients