[Comparing the factors related to the effective clinical teaching from faculty members' and students' points of view]

Teaching and learning are interdependent in educational process. Teaching effectiveness, therefore, is to be investigated both from teachers' and learners' viewpoints in order to achieve a better education. This study was conducted to determine and compare the factors related to effective clinical education from teachers' and students' viewpoints in School Of Nursing and Midwifery in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the population under the study was 53 faculty members and 118 senior students selected through purposeful sampling. The research environment consisted of teachers' offices, hospitals, and clinical centers affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The data gathering tool was a researcher made questionnaire consisted of two parts of demographic feAutres and factors related to clinical education which contained 5 general areas of individual feAutres of the learner, clinical teacher, clinical environment, educational planning, and clinical evaluation. Questions related to each of these areas were scored based on a five point Scale. The questionnaires were distributed anonymously and gathered after one week. The data was analyzed by SPSS software. Mean of the scores in areas of factors related to the individual feAutres of the learner, clinical teacher, clinical environment, and educational planning were above 4 and only in the area of clinical evaluation it was 3.95 +/- 0.81 out of the total score 5. T-test results for four before mentioned areas were 0.46, 0.45, 0.53, and, 1.39, respectively and it was 0.38 for evaluation area which revealed no significant difference. Regarding the agreement of faculty members and students on the importance of these factors in clinical education, it is recommended to apply all these factors in order to promote the quality of clinical education

Analysis of international organizational and management standards in midwifery education and recommendation of appropriate national standards

Today, moving toward high quality and efficient education is essential in educational systems. To achieve it, management, research and educational programs should evolve consistent with the produced knowledge, professional developments and standards. Regarding the important role of midwifery education in improvement of social health, the current study was carried out to identify the international organizational and management standards in midwifery education and to recommend appropriate national standards. This is a triangulation study which was fulfilled in 1381 and 1382, in seven steps. In first three steps, following search and collection of standards of various countries, the survey tool which consists of the fields and recommended standards was designed. In steps four to seven, these fields and standards were surveyed through an opinion poll; using Delphi's method. Sampling population was all the midwifery national board members and heads of midwifery departments in governmental university which at least offer B. Sc of midwifery. The standards should be marked as appropriate, relatively appropriate and inappropriate by participants. Finally, the data was analyzed using descriptive analysis methods. After analyzing the opinions; using Delphi's method, the results were proposed as 37 recommended standards. They were grouped as 13 standards in the field of missions and objectives and 24 standards in the field of organizational and management structure. Extracting organizational and management standards of midwifery and recommending the proper national standards help the planners in defining the missions, visions and goals of the systems. It would also help the authorities in designing proper organizational and management structure and evaluating the midwifery management system

Sexual dysfunction in menopausal women and the socioeconomic state

Socioeconomic problems, would affect the people in all stages of life, especially the menopausal period. In this stage of life, the women experience loss of social positions, and responsibilities. The current study was carried out to assess the relationship between the socioeconomic state and sexual dysfunction in menopausal period. This is an analytic, cross-sectional study, carried out on 174 menopausal, married women who were selected from the patients visited in heath centers and social security centers in Isfahan. The data was gathered by questionnaire and analyzed using chi square and Mantel haenszel tests, by SPSS software. Findings of the study demonstrated that there is a significant statistical correlation between the sexual dysfunction and the family's economic state, the housing, education level of women and her husband and women's occupation. In contrast, husbands' occupation did not correlate with the sexual dysfunction. It could be concluded that higher education level result in higher income and better jobs and social positions. So, better socioeconomic state could be mentioned as an effective factor in preventing menopausal sexual dysfunction

Complications and outcome of pregnancy in infertile PCOS patients

Polycystic ovarian syndrome [PCOS] is a complex hormonal disturbance that has numerous implications for general health and fertility. It is the most common cause of ovulatory disturbance, leading to infertility and probably, pregnancy loss. This study evaluated the complications and outcome of pregnancy in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome [PCOS]. The course and outcome of 47 singleton pregnancy in women with well-documented PCOS were compared with those in 100 healthy controls. The incidence of an abnormal glucose-challenge test, gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy induced hypertension were significantly increased in pregnant women with PCOS [P<0.05] Women with PCOS were at increased risk of gestational diabetes and pregnancy induced hypertension