Effect of origanum majorana on some hospital resistant microbes and reference bacterial strains

The antimicrobial activity of marjoram essential oil was determined using Staphylococcus aureas ATCC 6923, Pseudomonas auregonosa ATCC 9027, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, E. coli ATCC 8736, and two hospital resistant microbes isolates 16 and 21, marjoram oil was found to be effective against used pathogenic bacteria. The chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed by GC-Ms. The major components were Terpineol, cis-beta, Alpha-terpieol, l-terpinen-4-ol. Linalool and I, 6-octadien-3-ol, 3. 7 dimethyl-, 2aminobenzoate. Inhibition was observed at concentration [4-7 micro l/ml] with reference strain and [10 - 15 micro l/ml] with hospital resistant microbes using disk diffusion and micro dilution methods

Antioxidant activity of some fruit peels

The objective of this study was to determine the major antioxidants by organic solvents and their activity in some fruit peels [apple, banana and orange]. Results indicated that methanol extracts of all samples were highest [P

Antioxidant activity of some vegetables and their peels

The aim of this study was to determine antioxidants and antioxidants properties of some vegetables [potato, red beet, and their peels]. Polyphenols content of these vegetables were extracted by organic solvents [methanol, ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone, and hexane]. Methanol extracts of all tested samples showed the highest at [P

Antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of selected Egyptian medicinal herbs

Sage [Salvia officinalis], Liquorice [Glycyrrhiia glabra], chufa [Cyperus rotundus], and Caraway [Carurn carvi L.] are a perennial herbs. It is commonly consumed as a food-related product and as an herbal preparation because of its reputed medicinal properties. In this study, the aerial material of sage, fruit of caraway, roots of liquorice and tubers of chufa were collected from Egypt were extracted by using five solvents of different polarity, viz., methanol, ethanol, acetone, hexane and diethyl ether. For each extract, the total phenolics, flavonoid and flavonols content were estimated as were the in vitro antioxidant activity using the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl DPPH and 2, 20- azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulphonate] ABTS free radical scavenging assays. The highest extraction yield was observed for hexane followed by Diethyl ether, 20.5 and 19.6 g/100g dry weight in chufa respectively, while in Liquorce and sage was methanol 17.3 and 15.5 g/100g dry weight respectively. Results revealed that methanol and ethanol were better solvents than the others in extracting phenolics compounds from the extracts for all herbs, where 110.37 and 96.29 mg GAE/ 100g DW for Liquorce and sage, followed by ethanol, where 22.34 and 19.79 mg GAE/100g DW of total phenolic compounds for caraway and chufa, respectively. Methanolic extracts of Liquorce and sage gave the best yields of total flavonoid contents with values 345.76 and 292.21 mg/100g DW and then diethyl ether extract of caraway and chufa, 108.45 and 87.65 mg/100g DW respectively, dependent on the solvent used for the extraction. The highest flavonols content were observed in extracts with methanol: the same trend of flavonoids. The two methods of antioxidant activity measuring proved that sage and liquorice extracts had a highest antioxidant activity due to its high content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids. On the basis of the results obtained, sage and liquorice were found to serve as natural antioxidants due to their significant antioxidant activity. Thus, both extracts are promising alternatives to synthetic substances as food ingredients with antioxidant activity

Effect of systemic control and local treatment on collagenase enzyme activity in gingival crevicular fluid of uncontrolled diabetic patients

Collagenase enzyme activity in periodontal disease have an important role in break down of collagen fibres and continuous loss of attachment. Collagenase activity increased in inflamed gingival and gingival sulcular fluid relative to healthy gingival. The enzyme is present in connective tissue cells and in the specific granules of PMN. Also, gram-ve organisms in the gingival cervic appears to stimulate gingival collagenase production. It has been well documented that incidence and severity of periodontal diseases increased in uncontrolled diabetes, probably through alteration in tissue resistance: Also, diabetes stimulates gingival collagenase production mediated, in part, by the hormonal or metabolic alterations in host tissues and the overgrowth of gram-ve organisms in the gingival crevice. So determination of the relationship between the severity of periodontal disease and crevicular fluid collagenase in uncontrolled diabetic patients may be useful for determination of tissue destruction in those patients. The study was performed on 15 adult male patients having advanced marginal periodontitis and uncontrolled diabetes. Gingival index,plaque index, measurement of the amount of gingival fluid and collagenolytic activity in the gingival fluid were measured. After two weeks of controlling the diabetic state the same parameters were taken and subgingival scaling was done. Tow weeks later the same parameters were retaken. The results revealed that the higher collagenolytic activity was found in gingival fluid of uncontrolled diabetic patients. Two weeks after controlling the diabetic state, collagenase activity had decreased significantly. Further significant decrease was observed when subgingival scaling had been performed. It appears that the dramatically elevated collagenase activity in uncontrolled diabetic patients is clearly originated from both the host cells as a result of the diabetic state, and also, from gram-ve organisms in the gingival sulcus where diabetes favor its colonization. The two sources of collagenase should be considered during management of uncontrolled diabetic patients. Both systemic control of diabetes as well as local treatment by thorough scaling are necessary to eliminate a possible destructive mechanism of the periodontium in diabetic patients