ABSTRACT
@#Haemonchus contortus (Hc) is a hematophagous parasite affecting the health and productivity of flocks. The administration of chemical anthelmintic drugs (AH) is the common method of deworming; however, generates resistance in the parasites to AH and it is a public health risk due to drug residues in milk, meat and sub-products. Natural compounds from plants are explored to diminish this parasitosis, improving their health and productivity, without the negative effects of AH. Ipomoea genus is a group of climbing plants belonging to the Convulvulaceae family possessing perennial leaves and tuberous roots. Medicinal properties has been attributed to this plant including nutritional agents, emetics, diuretics, diaphoretics, purgatives and pesticides. The objective of this study was assessing the in vitro nematocidal activity of a hydroalcoholic extract (HA-E) obtained from Ipomoea pauciflora (Cazahuate) flowers against Hc infective larvae (L3) and to identify its phytochemical profile (PhC-P). The assay was carried out using microtiter plates (MTP). Four HA-E concentrations were assessed and Ivermectin and distilled water were used as positive and negative control groups, respectively. Approximately 100 Hc L3 were deposited in each well (n=12) and incubated at 25–35°C for 7 days. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and a General Linear Model (GLM) followed by Tukey test (P<0.05). The treatments showing a concentration-dependent effect (CDE) were analyzed to identify their 50% and 90% lethal concentrations (CL50, 90) via a Probit Analysis. The highest mortality was observed at 50 mg/mL (82.64 ± 0.71%) and the lowest at 6.25 mg/mL (56.46 ± 2.49%), showing a CDE with increasing mortality from 6.25 to 50 mg/mL. The PhC-P revealed the presence of alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, tannins and triterpenes/ sterols. A HA-E from flowers of I. pauciflora will be considered to assess its potential use in the control of haemonchosis in small ruminants.
ABSTRACT
@#Recent studies have shown that educational interventions for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) prevention may result in positive outcomes in intensive care units. However, other studies investigating this kind of intervention have produced inconsistent results. Thus this paper reports a protocol for systematic review and planned meta-analysis to investigate the association of instituted VAP educational interventions with clinician learning and patient outcomes. In this review, the authors will identify relevant citations from electronic databases, reference lists, and other sources; screen articles against predetermined eligibility criteria; appraise each study using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias assessment tools and combine acquired evidence using the meta-analytic approach. The results of this review are crucial to assist clinicians and policy-makers in making well-informed decisions regarding VAP prevention practices for mechanically ventilated patients. This review protocol followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses for Protocols 2015 guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO as CRD42016051561.
Subject(s)
Pneumonia, Ventilator-AssociatedABSTRACT
El presente artÃculo de revisión fue realizado para comparar detalles imagenológicos de resonancia magnética y tomografÃa espiral multicorte de las estructuras anatómicas del piso de boca; esta es una región desafiante de la cavidad oral para el odontólogo ya que se encuentra constituida de tejidos blandos, vasculares, glandulares y nerviosos, a su vez carece de tejidos óseos volviéndola mucho más susceptible a patologÃas. Por ello la resonancia magnética es el estudio de preferencia para los tejidos blandos pues permite conocer con más facilidad la anatomÃa y a la tomografÃa espiral multicorte ideal para el análisis de tejidos duros, sin embargo puede evaluarse el piso de boca sin ser el estudio imagenológico indicado para esta. El presente trabajo es una recopilación de artÃculos en bases de datos e internet con el fin de comparar detalles imagenológicos entre la resonancia magnética y tomografÃa espiral multicorte.
This review article was conducted to compare magnetic resonance imaging and multislice spiral tomography of floor of mouth anatomical structures; this is a challenging region of oral cavity for dentist since it is made up of soft, vascular, glandular and nervous tissues, in turn lacks bone tissues, making it much more susceptible to pathologies. Therefore, magnetic resonance is the preference study for soft tissues because it allows knowing more easily anatomy and multislice spiral tomography ideal for hard tissues analysis, however floor of mouth can be evaluated without being the imaging study indicated for is. The present work is a compilation of articles in databases and internet in order to compare both: magnetic resonance and multislice spiral tomography.
ABSTRACT
Objetivo: describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los tumores de ovario. Material y Métodos: estudio de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo retrospectivo de corte transversal y observacional. Se evaluaron 83 historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de tumor de ovario. Se elaboró un instrumento tomando como base los estudios realizados por Quero Hernandez, el mismo que fue sometido a juicio de experto para obtener su validación que correspondi¢óa 0.79, según coeficiente de Holsti. El procesamiento de datos se realizó mediante el programa estadistico SPSS versión 15 en espñ¤ol. Resultados: la edad media correspondió a 37.92 y DS ñ13.96, la edad minima correspondió a 17 años y de 77 años como edad maxima. El 53 % de las pacientes no tenian paridad, con relación al inicio de menarquia 54% referieron haber presentado entre 12 y 13 años. No existe relación entre los antecedentes y el uso de anticonceptivos en las pacientes estudiadas. El 87% de los pacientes ha referido tener dolor y el 22% aumento de volumen. Los medios de ayuda diagnóstica más empleados corresponden a ecograf¡a y CA125. Se encontró 11 pacientes con niveles superiores de 35U/ml. El diagnóstico anatomopatológico de tipo benigno correspondio a 97.59% y de 2.41% para patología maligna. Conclusiones: el diagnóstico en la mayor¡a de los casos fue clínico. Siendo el dolor y el aumento de volumen abdominal la mayor sintomatología. El CA 125 no fue de ayuda diagnóstica.
Objective: to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of ovarian tumors. Material and Methods: a quantitative, descriptive retrospective cross-sectional and observational stud. A total of 83 medical records of patients with confirmed diagnosis of ovarian tumor were part of this study. A tool was developed based on the studies of Quero Hernandez, the same that was submitted for validation by an expert which corresponded to 0.79 according to the Holsti coefficient. Data processing was performed using SPSS version 15 in Spanish. Results: the mean age corresponded to 37.92 ñ 13.96 SD, the minimum age was 17 and the maximum was 77. 53% of the patients had not given birth, the start of menarche for 54% was between 12 and 13 years. There is no relationship between the background and the use of contraceptives in the patients studied. 87% of patients had pain and 22% increase in volume. The most used methods of diagnosis were the ultrasound and CA125 (11 patients had more than 35U/ml). The pathologic diagnosis of benign type corresponded to 97.59% and 2.41% for malignancy.Conclusions: the diagnoses in the majority of cases was clinical, were pain and increased volume were the major symptoms. CA125 was not useful for diagnosis.