ABSTRACT
Deficit in fluency of speech is named stuttering. Stuttering could influence the personality characteristics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stuttering on personality characteristics in male individuals. In this study, 31 stuttered men aged upper than 18 years old were compared with another 32 unstuttered men of the same age and education in terms of their personality characteristics by applying the Neo-FFI test. Results from student t test showed that the mean score of mental racial, extraversion and agreeableness of personality was statistically different between two groups. The present findings indicate that individuals with stuttering problem have different personality compared with fluent speakers; however, this different does not mean abnormal personality
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study is to compare the rhyme detection ability between 7 to 9 years age children with their natural peer group of the same age. In this study, 15 dyslexic children aged between 7 to 9 were examined with another 15 normal children of the same age and gender, to investigate their rhyme recognition ability by applying phonemics awareness test. Results showed that the output of two groups from rhyme recognition ability test was 8.73+1.53 for dyslexic group and 6.47+1.64 for normal the group with an average grade of 6.88+1.94 for both of them. -Student t test showed a remarkable decline in average grade of rhyme recognition ability test in dyslexic group in comparison with the normal group [t =3.907; p =0.001]. Findings derived from this survey represented a noticeable difference in dyslexic children's rhyme recognition ability and their peer normal group in a way that dyslexics have a weaker performance and more faults than normal individuals
ABSTRACT
The prefrontal cortex is highly vulnerable to Traumatic Brain Injury [TBI] resulting in the dysfunction of many high-level cognitive and executive functions such as language and word finding. The present study investigates the confronting naming ability in patients with TBI. Present research was a prescriptive-analytic cross-sectional study examined 20 TBI patients [10 male and 10 female], with the age ranged between 18 to 45 years. Participants, with a score above of 20 in Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE], were assessed with Persian naming test. Our findings demonstrated that the mean of correct answers without cue was 87.9, and the mean of correct answers with semantic and phonological cues were 3.3 and 1.2, respectively. However, the mean of false answers was 4.8, and the mean of no answered questions was 2.8. Furthermore, the mean of semantic and phonological pseudo-words were 4.5 and 0.4, respectively, while the sum of correct answers was noted as 92.4. This research differs from other researches in severity of the disorders in population and definition of the naming process. Naming disorder in TBI patients with mild to moderate damage was mild, and semantic pseudo-words were less correct than other words. Therefore, semantic cue could be helpful for word retrieval in TBI patients. Therefore, in these patients to retrieve words, semantic priming may be effective and recommended as a treatment strategy
ABSTRACT
Hearing loss affected all aspects of life, specially communication and language skills. Hearing loss in pre- lingual age has different impact on comprehension, speech, language and their performance. The purpose of this article is to compare comprehension skills and using passive verbs between children with hearing loss who use cochlear implant and their intact peers. In this study comprehension and using passive verbs have been compared between two groups of age and gender-matched children [10 in each group]. Evaluation of passive verb's comprehension have been performed with test of passive verb's comprehension which normalized by Azar Mehri 1388. This test has 15 triplet pictures. The passive sentence related to each picture has been expressed conversationally and the child had to present it. If he/she could not distinguish the verb, the examiner had to reveal it. The test has 17 serialized pictures, in this method therapist explained each verb's serialized picture in the story telling way and a child completed the sentence also the therapist asked questions to guide a child toward the correct verb. There was a significant difference between normal and children with hearing loss in terms of the rate of comprehension and using passive verbs [comprehension p=0/008, usage p=0/008]. The results show the significant delay in comprehension and using passive verbs, which may be due to a delay in diagnosis of the hearing loss, delay in receiving rehabilitation trainings, loss of lingual age and inefficient cochlear implant devices