ABSTRACT
Giant-cell fibroma is a benign fibrotic soft tissue lesion with several unique features, separating it from other oral fibrous hyperplasias. Giant cell fibromas are most commonly seen in younger adults. It is often mistaken with fibroma because of due to its clinical resemblance. Its peculiar histopathological features help to distinguish giant-cell fibroma from them. The presence of stellate fibroblasts and multi-nucleated giant cells makes this lesion a different pathological entity. This article presents a case report of giant-cell fibroma in a 65-year-old female patient, this late manifestation of the lesion makes the case unusual.
ABSTRACT
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), also known as photo-radiation therapy, phototherapy, or photo-chemotherapy, involves the use of a photoactive dye (photosensitizer) that is activated by exposure to light of a specific wavelength in the presence of oxygen. The transfer of energy from the activated photosensitizer to available oxygen results in the formation of toxic oxygen species, such as singlet oxygen and free radicals which damages proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and other cellular components.PDT has wide range of applications in Dentistry ranging from antimicrobial chemotherapy to the diagnosis & treatment of premalignant and malignant conditions. Its application in Periodontics represents a novel therapeutic approach in the management of oral biofilms with consequent alterations in plaque homeostasis. An improved post surgical healing with reduced periodontal inflammation and tissue damage are the hallmarks of PDT. Its scope has been extended in Implantology to promote osseointegration and to prevent peri-implantitis. With such myriad of applications PDT has a promising future depending on the interactions between clinical applications and technological innovations. The paper appraises the various scopes that PDT envisages beyond the horizon.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of intravaginal misoprostol with intracervical dinoprostone for preinduction cervical ripening. Material &Methods: It was a randomized controlled trial conducted at department of obstetrics and gynecology, JIPMER, Puducherry. Three hundred women with Bishop score of <6, were assigned randomly to receive either intravaginal misoprostol 25 μg every four hours for four doses, and intracervical dinoprostone gel 0.5 mg every eight hours for two doses. (one hundred women in each group). Oxytocin was initiated as per standardized protocol, if the cervix was favourable. If the cervical ripening was unsuccessful (Bishop score < 6) after the maximum doses of drugs in both the groups, then further treatment was individualized. Efficacy and cost of the drugs were compared in both groups. Results: Primary outcome measure was change in Bishop score. Mean Bishop score change at the end of 16 hours was significantly higher in the misoprostol group, (2.57±0.59) compared to dinoprostone group (2.17±0.10, p=0.016). This finding was inspite of the fact that the dinoprostone group had higher Bishop score prior to the ripening.(3.55±0.56 vs 3.28±0.77, p=0.006). Secondary outcome measures such as mean intervention-delivery interval, oxytocin requirement, mode of delivery, maternal and neonatal outcomes were similar in both the groups. Overall mean cost of ripening agent per patient was significantly less in the misoprostol group, (22.56±93.16 rupees) compared to dinoprostone group (493.89±173.99 rupees, p<0.0001).Conclusion: Low dose misoprostol is as effective as dinoprostone in cervical ripening and demonstrates similar fetal and maternal safety profile.
ABSTRACT
Aims: Knowledge on the plant phytochemistry provides a fundamental use of plants as a reservoir of chemical agents. Hence, the study on the presence of Phytochemicals in the aqueous extract of 100 different plant species belonging to 44 families collected from Chennai, India was detected. Place and Duration: Plants distributed in the Chennai district of Tamil Nadu state in India were studied. The study was conducted during the period of November 2012 to January 2013. Methods: Leaves of around 100 plant species belonging to different habit like trees, shrubs, herbs and creepers or climbers from Chennai and its surround districts of India were collected. The aqueous extract of air dried, pulverized leaf samples of collected plants were examined for the presence of Tannins, Phlobatannins, Saponins, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Cardiac glycosides and Steroids using the standard techniques proposed by Evans (1996). The presence of individual secondary metabolites was calculated in percentage and their prevalence in different plant habit was studied. Results: Around 29%, 20%, 23%, 48%, 22%, 30% and 44% of plants showed the presence of Tannins, Phlobatannins, Saponins, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Cardiac glycosides and Steroids in that order. Further, the presence of secondary metabolites according to the plant habit like, tree, shrub, herb and creeper or climber was detected. Conclusion: It was evident that the presence of Tannin, Phlobatannin, Flavonoids and Cardiac glycosides are found prevalent in trees, Steroids in herbs and Terpenoids in shrubs. However, further study on this aspect is recommended.
ABSTRACT
Hypoglycemic, diuretic and hypocholesterolemic effects of roots of W. somnifera (ashvagandha) were assessed on human subjects. Six mild NIDDM subjects and six mild hypercholesterolemic subjects were treated with the powder of roots of W. somnifera for 30 days. Suitable parameters were studied in the blood and urine samples of the subjects along with dietary pattern before and at the end of treatment period. Decrease in blood glucose was comparable to that of an oral hypoglycemic drug. Significant increase in urine sodium, urine volume, significant decrease in serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL (low density lipoproteins) and VLDL (very low density lipoproteins) cholesterol were observed indicating that root of W. somnifera is a potential source of hypoglycemic, diuretic and hypocholesterolemic agents. Clinical observations revealed no adverse effects.