ABSTRACT
Background: Splenomegaly is usually the result of an underlying disorder; causes ranging from infections to blood cancers. Primary diseases of spleen are uncommon. Etiology of splenomegaly varies according to the geographical areas studied and depends upon the endemic, genetic and hematological diseases in the particular region. Purpose of this study was to find out the causes of splenomegaly in a tertiary care hospital representing almost entire interior of Sindh
Material and methods: This descriptive case series study was carried out at Department of Medicine Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro from 1[st] March 2007 to 31[st] August 2007, over a period of six months. 100 Male and Female patients older than 13 years of age and admitted in ward with clinically enlarged spleen were selected for this study. Sampling technique was Non Probability convenient sampling. After getting informed consent from patients proforma was filled, elaborating history, important clinical findings and investigations like abdominal ultrasonography, CBC, LFT, HBsAg, Anti HCV etc were performed. Data analysis was carried out by SPSS 16 statistical software
Results: Among 100 patients with splenomegaly there was majority of male patients i.e.60%.The most common cause of splenomegaly found in our study was chronic liver disease i.e. 64% followed by malaria 16%, and hematological malignancies 14%. There were 2% patients found with enlarged spleen due to tuberculosis, remaining 4% comprised 1% each of enteric fever, infective endocarditis, CCF and SLE. Among the patients of hematological malignancies there were 9% patients of leukemia, 4% of lymphoma and 1% of myelofibrosis. As to the 9% leukemic patients, 4% suffered from Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, 3% from Acute Myeloid Leukemia and 2% from Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Most common associated clinical sign was anemia demonstrated in 77% of patients
Conclusions: Chronic liver disease is the most common that leads to splenomegaly in population studied. Malaria and hematological malignancies appear to be the major contributors for splenomegaly. Finding of enlarge spleen needs clinical work up to reach the correct diagnosis
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the lipid abnormalities in type 2 diabetics
Patients and Methods: This descriptive analytical study conducted on one thousand adult patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus in medical clinic at LUMHS Hospital. The study was conducted from April 2008 to April 2010. Data was collected on special proforma
Results: Patients of diabetes mellitus type 2 had mean age of 40+10.56 yrs, range 21-80 years with median age 38 years. Among these patients median duration of diabetes was 20 years and average duration ranged from 6 months to 36 years. Further analysis of results showed that raised cholesterol was detected in 38% [n=380] patients with C.I. 28.2-42.2. Triglyceride was increased in 60% [n=600] patients with C.I. 51.0-64.7. The HDL was decreased in 20% [n=200] patients with C.I. 14.1-24.7, while LDL was raised in 29% [n=290] patients with C.I. 25.7 - 37.0 [Table I]
Conclusion: Outcome of this study showed that majority of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients had their lipid levels deranged