ABSTRACT
Aim:To evaluate the antiamnesic and antidepressant effect of Foeniculumvulgarewhole crushed seeds.Study Design:Laboratory based randomized control study. Place and Duration of Study:Department of Pharmacology, University of Karachi between January 2018 to August 2018. Methodology:Thirty swiss albino mice and wistar rats were divided equally in three groups. Control group was fed on standard rodent diet, group 2 was fed on 2% Foeniculumvulgarediet and group 3 was given 4% Foeniculumvulgarediet. Antidepressant activity was assessed using forced swimming test. Memory enhancement effect was evaluated by stationary rod test, passive avoidance test and water maze test.Results:Increased durationof struggling time was noted in both group 2 and group 3 as compared to control in forced swimming test. Decrease in time to reach platform in both water maze and stationary rod test was recorded in both the study group (group 2 & 3). Increase in stepthroughlatency was also seen in group 2 and group 3 as compared to control group.Conclusion:The results showed the memory enhancing and antidepressant actions of Foeniculum
ABSTRACT
The study is conducted to observe and investigate the effects of oral dosing of methanolic extracts of Cuminum nigrum [L] and Centratherum anthelminticum [L] on neuropharmacological activities of mice. Methanolic extracts of Cuminum nigrum [L] and Centratherum anthelminticum [L] were soluble in Dimethyl sulphoxide [DMSO] i.e. an organic solvent, so it is used in this study. Screening for anxiolytic and antidepressant effects were performed using open field test, head dip test, stationary rod test, cage crossing test, light and dark box and swimming- induced depression test. Thirty animals were divided into three groups of 10 animals each and numbered as 1 [control, on DMSO], 2[on methanolic extract of Cuminum nigrum [L], 3 [on methanolic extract of Centratherum anthelminticum [L]. The extracts and DMSO were administered orally for 60 days. Any possible change in animal behavior was evaluated on day 15, 30 and 60 of dosing. The groups 2 and 3 showed significant increase [p<0.001, p<0.01] in open field activity and light and dark box test respectively, while significantly decreased activity was observed in head dip and cage crossing activity [p<0.01] after 60 days of dosing. Based on above findings, it is suggested that the extracts of Centratherum anthelminticum [L] and Cuminum nigrum [L] have antidepressant and anxiolytic potential with sedative effects
ABSTRACT
This retrospective study reports impact of diabetes on incidence rate of dose limiting symptoms of neurological toxicity and chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy [CIPN]. Post-surgical colorectal cancer [CRC] patients with metastatic disease, treated with four different schedules of FOLFOX were included in this study. Neurological adverse effects were assessed by CTC v2.0. The incidence rate of adverse neurological symptoms in CRC patients, clinically diagnosed with diabetes [n=6] were compared with non-diabetic CRC patients [n=32]. The results show that the difference in the incidence rate of paresthesia is significant [p=0.043] between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. The difference in the incidence rates of hypoesthesia [p=0.445], peripheral neuropathy [p=0.889], dizziness [p=0.445], insomnia [p=0.690], taste disturbances [p=0.258], and headache [p=0.498] in diabetic and non-diabetic CRC patients was not significant. The findings indicate that risk of frequent, distal and transient paresthesia within the first few minutes of Oxaliplatin infusion is higher in diabetic CRC patients
ABSTRACT
Parkinsonism is characterized by rest tremor, inflexibility, balance debilitation, slow motion and dementia. It is known to be caused by the deficiency of dopaminergic neurons in nigrostriatal pathway. Different studies propose that oxidative burden may be included in the apoptotic process in parkisnons disease. Zamzam water being alkaline in composition may diminish the oxidative stress and hence relieve the symptoms. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the neuroprotective effect of zamzam water in chlorpromazine induced animal model of Parkinsonism. Results revealed that zamzam water did not show significant anticataleptic effect after 21 days as compared to chlorpromazine treated group. However, after 30 days of giving zamzam water showed highly significant decrease [p<0.001] in cataleptic score as compared to chlorpromazine treated group that is negative control. After 30 days of dosing, cataleptic scores by zamzam water were closer to standard drug but standard drug [levodopa/carbidopa] still showed better results than zamzam water. Results from histopathological study of rat's brain also revealed regenerative changes by zamzam treated water when compared with negative control. This regenerative change after zamzam water treatment might play a positive role in future if administered continuously. These results also suggest that zamzam water can be used in combination with standard drug to produce synergistic effect in the management of parkinsons disease
ABSTRACT
Methylphenidate is commonly use for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], but its long term use was found to produce hepatic necrosis in mice. Purpose of this study was to investigate that coadministration of buspirone [drug which attenuates methylphenidate induced sensitization] may attenuate methylphenidate-induced hepatotoxic effects and to determine the effect of challenge dose of haloperidol [D2 antagonist that blocks the effects of methylphenidate in case of intoxication] on SGPT and SGOT levels in methylphenidate treated rats. Estimation of SGPT and SGOT were performed using kit method. Prolong oral administration of methylphenidate at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg/day, buspirone at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day, their co-administration and challenge dose of haloperidol [1 mg/kg i.p.] in rats increased SGPT concentration and decreased SGOT concentration, effect is more pronounced in methylphenidate treated rats and potentiate with administration of haloperidol challenge dose. In conclusion our analysis showed that methylphenidate and challenge dose of haloperidol is associated with elevation of SGPT in rats, which is attenuate in co-administration of methylphenidate buspirone treated rats. To quantify the risk of methylphenidate-induced hepatic injury and role of buspirone to reduce the injury further pharmacoepidemiological investigations are required
ABSTRACT
Attenuation of methylphenidate-induced behavioral sensitization and cognitive tolerance by buspirone coadministration has been reported previously. Dopamine D2-receptors are considered to be important in methylphenidateinduced sensitization. This study was designed to monitor the responsiveness of D2 receptors following long-term methylphenidate, buspirone and their co-administration in rats by the challenge dose of haloperidol. Effects of haloperidol challenge dose [1 mg/kg i.p.] were monitored after 6 weeks [till the behavioral sensitization produced] from oral repeated [twice a day for 6 week] administration of methylphenidate [2mg/kg/day], buspirone [10mg/kg/day] and their co-dministration. Motor activity was compared by using familiar environment of home cage and novel environment of open field and cognitive activity was compared by using water maze were monitored 30, 60, and 90 minutes post injection respectively. We found that haloperidol reduced motor activity in familiar as well as in novel environment and showed impaired cognitive performance in water maze. The effects were more pronounced in methylphenidate treated rats as compared to buspirone and methylphenidate co-administration treated rats. Increased response of haloperidol in methylphenidate treated rats can be explained in terms of super-sensitization of D2 receptors, which results in behavioral sensitization that is not observed in co-administration treated rats. Buspirone prevents D2 receptor's super-sensitization by increasing serotonergic inhibitory influence on dopamine neuron
ABSTRACT
In Pakistani population the prevalence of Calcium and vitamin D deficiency is at alarming rate. Previous studies show that globally vertebral osteoporosis is most commonly recognized site causing deterioration to personal life satisfaction. It is very unfortunate that in Pakistan ample amount of research work has not been done in the area, consequently, information on rate of vertebral osteoporosis and fracture are rare in Pakistan. There is no reduction in Tscore on supplementation with calcium and vitamin D3 administration. There is reduction in T-score on supplementation with calcium and vitamin D3 administration. The prime objective of the current work was to determine vertebral spine osteoporosis treatment efficacy in local population. This is an intervention experimental study with no control. The study population was selected from the local community; consisting of individuals with vertebral spine osteoporosis, further they were followed for up to 6 months. Data was analyzed by SPSS-22. Tabs Chewable: Calcium: 1250 mg, Cholecalciferol: 125 IU, BD/Day was advised. The mean T-score before and after treatment were recorded as; Mean +/- S.D: 2.890 +/- 1.7217 and Mean +/- S.D: -2.456 +/- 0.8064 respectively. The findings of the current work do not provide support for routine supplementation with calcium and vitamin D3 orally for osteoporosis
ABSTRACT
Parkinson's disease [PD] is a long-lasting neurodegenerative brain disease. It is characterized by a gradual decline in motor and non motor symptoms especially postural instability, tremors and memory impairment with localized loss of neurons mainly in the Substantia nigra. In the current research we evaluated the effects of Non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs] on motor coordination and memory in chlorpromazine [CPZ] induced Parkinson's experimental model. Intraperitoneal [i.p.] injection of CPZ [3 mg/kg] was given to all rats for 21 days to induce Parkinson like symptoms; ibuprofen [40mg/kg/day] and celecoxib [20mg/kg] were administered 30 minutes after CPZ injection. Behavioral parameters like Catalepsy, muscle strength [wire hanging test], locomotor activity [open field test] were observed. Moreover, its effect on memory was explored by the use of water maze and passive avoidance test. Our results showed CPZ significantly induced motor fluctuation and cognitive impairment in a period of 21 days. Celecoxib and ibuprofen significantly improved cataleptic scores [P<0.01], locomotion and muscular coordination in open field [P<0.01] and in wire hanging test [P<0.01]. Significant improvement in memory was observed with celecoxib [P<0.01] and ibuprofen [P<0.05] in water maze test as well as in passive avoidance test. Therefore, the present study showed neuroprotective and memory enhancing effect of ibuprofen and celecoxib against CPZ induced Parkinson's model