ABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the effect of locally administered verapamil on transected peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery
Methods: Sixty male healthy white Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups [n=15], randomly: In transected group [TC], left sciatic nerve was transected and stumps were fixed in the adjacent muscle. In treatment group defect was bridged using chitosan tube [CHIT/Verapamil] filled with 10 microL verapamil [100ng/mL]. In chitosan conduit group [CHIT], the tube was filled with phosphate-buffered saline alone. In sham-operated group [SHAM], sciatic nerve was exposed and manipulated. The repair trend was examined based on behavioral and performance tests as well as the variations of the gastrocnemius muscle, morphometric indices, and immunohistochemical indices
Results: Sciatic nerve functional study, muscle mass and morphometric indices confirmed faster recovery of regenerated axons in CHIT/Verapamil than CHIT group [P=0.001]. When loaded in a chitosan tube verapamil accelerated and improved functional recovery and morphometric indices of sciatic nerve. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the S-100 protein was vastly present in the transverse nerve sections and the myelin sheath. In the treatment group [chit/verapamil], the immunohistochemical susceptibility of the axons being repaired and the axons in the myelin sheath to S-100 protein was higher than the other groups
Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that a single local application of verapamil could accelerate functional recovery after transection of sciatic nerve
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone [PQQ] on ischemia-reperfusion injury using a rat ovary model
Method: Thirty healthy female Wistar rats with 250g were randomized into five experimental groups [n = 6]: Group SHAM: The rats underwent only laparotomy. Group Ischemia: A 3- hour ischemia only. Group I/R: A 3-hour ischemia and a 3-hour reperfusion. 30 min before termination of reperfusion 20 microL soybeen oil [Solvent of PQQ] was administered. Group I/PQQ: A 3-hour ischemia only and 20 microL [10 mg/kg] intraperitoneal administration [IP] of PQQ 2.5 hours after induction of ischemia. Group I/R/PQQ: A 3-hour ischemia, a 3-hour reperfusion and 20 microL [10 mg/kg] IP of PQQ 2.5 hours after induction of ischemia
Results: Animals treated with PQQ showed significantly ameliorated development of ischemia and reperfusion tissue injury compared to those of other groups [p=0.001]. The significant higher values of SOD, GPO and GST were observed in I/R/PQQ animals compared to those of other groups [p=0.001]. Damage indicator [MDA] was significantly lower in I/R/PQQ animal compared to those of other groups [p=0.001]
Conclusion: Intraperitoneal administration of PQQ could be helpful in minimizing ischemia-reperfusion injury in ovarian tissue exposed to ischemia
ABSTRACT
Objective: therapeutic angiogenesis is employed to induce vascular network formation and improve functional recovery in ischemia. The aim of this study is to find an appropriate method to recover local ischemic conditions
Materials and Methods: in this experimental survey, 20 male Wistar rats weighing approximately 200-250 g were randomly divided into four experimental groups respectively: ischemia group in which the femoral artery was transected; phosphate buffer solution group [PBS] in which the femoral artery transected location was immersed with PBS; chitosan [CHIT] group in which the transected location was immersed in a 50 microL CHIT solution; and mast cell transplanted group in which the transected location was immersed with a mixture of 50 microL CHIT and 50 microL PBS that contained 1×10[6] mast cells
Results: on day 14 after surgery, mean numbers of blood vessels of different sizes in the CHIT/mast cell group significantly increased compared to the other experimental groups [P<0.05]
Conclusion: our data suggest that mast cell reconstitution could offer a new approach for therapeutic angiogenesis in cases of peripheral arterial diseases
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the effects of bone marrow derived mast cells [BMMCs] on functional recovery of transected sciatic nerve in animal model of cat
Method: A 20-mm sciatic nerve defect was bridged using a silicone nerve guide filled with BMMCs in BMMC group. In Sham-surgery group [SHAM], the sciatic nerve was only exposed and manipulated. In control group [SILOCONE] the gap was repaired with a silicone nerve guide and both ends were sealed using sterile Vaseline to avoid leakage and the nerve guide was filled with 100 microL of phosphate-buffered saline alone. In cell treated group [[SILOCONE/BMMC] the nerve guide was filled with 100 microL BMMCs [2× 106 cells/100 microL]. The regenerated nerve fibers were studied, biomechanically, histologically and immunohiscochemically 6 months later
Results: Biomechanical studies confirmed faster recovery of regenerated axons in BMMCs transplanted animals compared to control group [p<0.05]. Morphometric indices of the regenerated fibers showed that the number and diameter of the myelinated fibers were significantly higher in BMMCs transplanted animals than in control group [p<0.05]. In immunohistochemistry, location of reactions to S-100 in BMMCs transplanted animals was clearly more positive than that in control group
Conclusion: BMMCs xenotransplantation could be considered as a readily accessible source of cells that could improve recovery of transected sciatic nerve
ABSTRACT
Background: Pulegone as principal component of essential oil, reported to have antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study was aimed to evaluate wound healing activity of pulegone in a rat model. Method: Forty rats were used for excisional and incisional wound healing models. For each model twenty male white Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 4) of control (CG), Sham surgery, E1, E2 and E3. Wound size, hydroxyproline content of wound and biomechanical testing were assessed. Result: In E2 animals, the wound size was reduced earlier than in E1 and E2 groups (P = 0.035). However, time had significant effect on wound contraction of all wounds. Hydroxyproline contents in the groups CG, sham surgery, E1, E2 and E3 were found to be 51.25 ± 3.40, 58.41 ± 4.62, 68.59 ± 3.53, 86.32 ± 3.18, and 74.26 ± 4.73 mg g-1, respectively. Hydroxyproline contents were increased significantly in E2 compared to E1 and E3 which implied more collagen deposition compared to other experimental groups (P = 0.001). The biomechanical indices, maximum stored energy, stiffness, ultimate strength and yield strength obtained for E2 group were significantly higher than those obtained for E1 and E2 groups (P = 0.002). Conclusion: The pulegone showed a reproducible wound healing potential in rats.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To study the functional, histopathological and immunohistochemical effect of cyclosporine A on sciatic nerve regeneration using allografts in a rat sciatic nerve model
Methods: Thirty male white Wistar rats were divided into three experimental groups [n=10], randomly: Normal control group [NC], allograft group [ALLO], CsA treated group [ALLO/ CsA]. In NC group left sciatic nerve was exposed through a gluteal muscle incision and after homeostasis muscle was sutured. In the ALLO group the left sciatic nerve was exposed through a gluteal muscle incision and transected proximal to the tibioperoneal bifurcation where a 10 mm segment was excised. The same procedure was performed in the ALLO/ CsA group and the animals were treated with interaperitoneal administration of cyclosporine A. The harvested nerves of the rats of ALLO group were served as allograft for ALLO/ CsA group and vice versa. The NC and ALLO groups received 300 micro L sterile olive oil interaperitoneally once a day for one week and the ALLO/ CsA group received 300 micro L CsA [1mg/kg/day] interaperitoneally once a day for one week
Results: Behavioral, functional, biomechanical and gastrocnemius muscle mass showed earlier regeneration of axons in ALLO/ CsA than in ALLO group [p=0.001]. Histomorphometic and immunohistochemical studies also showed earlier regeneration of axons in ALLO/ CsA than in ALLO group [p=0.034]
Conclusion: Administration of CsA could accelerate functional recovery after nerve allografting in sciatic nerve. It may have clinical implications for the surgical management of patients after nerve transection in emergency conditions
ABSTRACT
Objective: to determine the effects of chitosan-zinc oxide nanocomposite conduit on transected sciatic nerve in animal model of rat
Methods: sixty male White Wistar rats were used in this study. A 10-mm sciatic nerve defect was bridged using a chitosan-zinc oxide nanocomposite conduit [CZON] filled with phosphate buffered saline. In chitosan group [CHIT] the chitosan conduit was filled with phosphate buffered saline solution. In sham-operated group [SHAM], sciatic nerve was exposed and manipulated. In transected group [TC], left sciatic nerve was transected and nerve cut ends were fixed in the adjacent muscle. The regenerated fibers were studied within 12 weeks after surgery
Results: the behavioral and functional tests confirmed faster recovery of the regenerated axons in CZON group compared to Chitosan group [p<0.05]. The mean ratios of gastrocnemius muscles weight were measured. There was statistically significant difference between the muscle weight ratios of CZON and Chitosan groups [p<0.05]. Morphometric indices of regenerated fibers showed number and diameter of the myelinated fibers were significantly higher in CZON than in Chitosan. In immuohistochemistry, the location of reactions to S-100 in CZON was clearly more positive than Chitosan group
Conclusion: chitosan-zinc oxide nanocomposite conduit resulted in acceleration of functional recovery and quantitative morphometric indices of sciatic nerve
ABSTRACT
Objective: to assess the effects of platelet rich plasma [PRP] with chitosan biodegradable film on full thickness wound healing in rat
Methods: this was an experimental study being performed in 2015 during a 4-month period. Twenty-four male white Wistar rats were divided into four groups of 12 rats each, randomly: Control group [SHAM] with creation of wounds and no treatment, PRP group with creation of wounds and application of one milliliter PRP, Chitosan group [CHIT] with dressing the wound with chitosan and CHIT/PRP group with application of one mL PRP and dressing the wound with chitosan. The wounds were created by cutting healthy skin. Wound size was measured on 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21 post surgery and was compared between groups
Results: reduction in wound area, hydroxyproline contents and biomechanical parameters indicated there was significant difference [p=0.001] between group CHIT/PRP and other groups. Biomechanical testing was performed on day 9 post surgery in incisional model. Quantitative histological studies and mean rank of the qualitative studies demonstrated that there was significant difference [p<0.001] between group CHIT/PRP and other groups
Conclusion: PRP with chitosan have bene?cial effects on wounds repair and could be suggested for treating various types of wounds in animals and human being
ABSTRACT
Objective: to assess the effect of heparin binding neurotrophic factor [HBNF] on sciatic nerve regeneration in animal model of rat
Methods: seventy-five male Wistar rats were divided into five experimental groups randomly [each group containing 15 animals]: Sham operation group [SHAM], autograft group [AUTO], transected control [TC], chitosan conduit [CHIT] and heparin binding neurotrophic factor treated group [CHIT/HBNF]. In AUTO group a segment of sciatic nerve was transected and reimplanted reversely. In SHAM group sciatic nerve was exposed and manipulated. In transected group left sciatic nerve was transected and stumps were fixed in adjacent muscle [TC]. In treatment group defect was bridged using a chitosan conduit [CHIT] filled with 10 [micro]L [0.1 mg/mL] HBNF [CHIT/HBNF]. Each group was subdivided into four subgroups of five animals each and nerve fibers were studied in a 12-week period
Results: behavioral, functional, biomechanical, electrophysiological and gastrocnemius muscle mass findings and morphometric indices confirmed faster recovery of regenerated axons in treatment group than in CHIT group [p=0.001]. Immunohistochemical reactions to S-100 in treatment group were more positive than that in CHIT group
Conclusion: local administration of HBNF improved functional recovery and morphometric indices of sciatic nerve. It could be considered as an effective treatment for peripheral nerve repair in practice
ABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the neuroprotective effects of local administration of 17- beta- estradiol on nerve regeneration
Methods: Sixty female Wistar rats were overiectomized and divided into four experimental groups [n = 15], randomly: In autograft group a segment of sciatic nerve was transected and re-implanted reversely. In sham-surgery group sciatic nerve was exposed and manipulated. In transected group left sciatic nerve was transected and stumps were fixed in adjacent muscle. In treatment group defect was bridged using a silicon conduit filled with 10 microL [0.1 mg/mL] 17- beta- estradiol. Each group was subdivided into four subgroups of five animals each and nerve fibers were studied in a 12-week period
Results: Behavioral, functional, biomechanical, electrophysiological and gastrocnemius muscle mass findings and morphometric indices confirmed faster recovery of regenerated axons in treatment group than in other groups [p<0.05]. Immunohistochemical reactions to S-100 in treatment group were more positive than that in other groups
Conclusion: Local administration of 17-beta-estradiol improved functional recovery and morphometric indices of sciatic nerve. It could have clinical implications for the surgical management of patients after facial nerve transection
ABSTRACT
Genitourinary tuberculosis is a common extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis. Taking into consideration that genitourinary tuberculosis may be associated with a diversity of presentations, its diagnoses may be difficult. A young woman with an initial presumptive diagnosis of a uterine leiomyoma presented with abdominal pain and a pelvic mass that after further investigations, she was diagnosed with genital tuberculosis
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Endometritis , Leiomyoma , Abdominal PainABSTRACT
<p><b>PURPOSE</b>To study the effects of transplantation of characterized uncultured stromal vascular fraction (SVF) on sciatic nerve regeneration.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A 10-mm sciatic nerve defect was bridged using a silicone conduit filled with SVF. In control group, silicone conduit was filled with phosphate-buffered saline alone. In sham-operated group, the sciatic nerve was only exposed and manipulated. The regenerated nerve fibers were studied 8 and 12 weeks after surgery.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Behavioral and functional studies confirmed faster recovery of regenerated axons in SVF transplanted animals than in control group (p<0.05). Gastrocnemius muscle mass in SVF transplanted animal was found to be significantly more than that in control group. Morphometric indices of the regenerated fibers showed the number and diameter of the myelinated fibers to be significantly higher in SVF transplanted animals than in control group. In immunohistochemistry, the location of reactions to S- 100 in SVF transplanted animals was clearly more positive than that in control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SVF transplantation combined with silicone conduit could be considered as a readily accessible source of stromal cells that improves functional recovery of sciatic nerve. It may have clinical implications for the surgical management of acute diabetic patients after facial nerve transection.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental , Immunohistochemistry , Nerve Regeneration , Physiology , Rats, Wistar , Sciatic Nerve , Physiology , Silicone Elastomers , Pharmacology , Stromal Cells , PhysiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the effect of cyclosporine A (CsA) loaded in chitosan conduit on bridging the sciatic nerve defects in a rat model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A 10 mm sciatic nerve defect was bridged using a chitosan conduit filled with 10 μl carrier-drug dilution (10 μg/L CsA). In control group, the conduit was filled with the same volume of carrier dilution alone. The regene-rated fibers were studied 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The functional study confirmed faster recovery of the regenerated axons in treatment group than control group (P<0.05). There was statistically significant difference of the gastrocnemius muscle weight ratios between treatment and control groups (P<0.05). Morphometric indices of regenerated fibers showed that the number and diameter of the myelinated fibers in CsA-treated animals were significantly higher than those in control group. In immunohistochemistry, the location of reactions to S-100 in CsA group was clearly more positive than control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CsA loaded in a chitosan conduit results in improvement of functional recovery and quantitative morphometric indices of sciatic nerve. It is easily available without any complications compared with its systemic administration.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Chitosan , Cyclosporine , Pharmacology , Immunohistochemistry , Nerve Regeneration , Sciatic Nerve , Chemistry , Wounds and InjuriesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess local effect of celecoxib on nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve transection model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-five male healthy white Wistar rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups (n equal to 15 for each): sham-operation (SHAM), control (SIL) and celecoxib treated (SIL/CLX) groups. In SHAM group after anesthesia left sciatic nerve was exposed and after homeostasis muscle was sutured. In SIL group the left sciatic nerve was exposed in the same way and transected proximal to tibioperoneal bifurcation leaving a 10 mm gap. Proximal and distal stumps were each inserted into a silicone tube and filled with 10 microlitre phosphate buffered solution. In SIL/CLX group defect was bridged using a silicone tube filled with 10 microlitre celecoxib (0.1 g/L).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Functional study and gastrocnemius muscle mass confirmed faster and better recovery of regenerated axons in SIL/CLX than in SIL group (P less than 0.05). Morphometric indices of regenerated fibers showed number and diameter of the myelinated fibers in SIL/CLX were significantly greater than those in control group. In immunohistochemistry, location of reactions to S-100 in SIL/CLX was clearly more positive than that in SIL group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Response to local treatment of celecoxib demonstrates that it influences and improves functional recovery of peripheral nerve regeneration.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Celecoxib , Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors , Pharmacology , Nerve Regeneration , Peripheral Nerves , General Surgery , Pyrazoles , Pharmacokinetics , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Sciatic Nerve , Silicones , Sulfonamides , PharmacokineticsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the local effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on transected sciatic nerve regeneration.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty male white Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups randomly (n equal to 15). In transected group the left sciatic nerve was transected and the stump was fixed to adjacent muscle. In treatment group the defect was bridged using a silicone graft filled with 10 microlitre VEGF. In silicone group the graft was filled with phosphate-buffered saline. In sham-operated group the sciatic nerve was exposed and manipulated. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups with five animals in each and nerve fibers were studied 4, 8 and 12 weeks after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Behavioral test, functional study of sciatic nerve, gastrocnemius muscle mass and morphometric indices confirmed a faster recovery of regenerated axons in VEGF group than in silicone group (P less than 0.05). In immunohistochemical assessment, reactions to S-100 in VEGF group were more positive than that in silicone group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Local administration of VEGF will improve functional recovery and morphometric indices of sciatic nerve.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Administration, Topical , Nerve Regeneration , Rats, Wistar , Sciatic Nerve , General Surgery , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor AABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Present study aimed at further comprehensive functional, histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical assessment of peripheral nerve regeneration using rat sciatic nerve transection model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 10-mm rat sciatic nerve gap was created in rats. In control group nerve stumps were sutured to adjacent muscle and in treatment group the gap was bridged using an inside-out vein graft. In sham-operated group the nerve was manipulated and left intact. All animals underwent walking track analysis test 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. Subsequently, muscle mass measurement was performed to assess reenervation, histological examination to observe the sciatic nerve regeneration morphologically and immunohistochemistry to detect Schwann cells using anti S-100. Results were analyzed using a factorial ANOVA with two between-subjects factors. Bonferroni test for pairwise comparisons was used to examine the effect of treatments.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Functional analysis of myelinated nerve fibers showed that nerve function improved significantly in the time course in treatment group. However, quantitative morphometrical analysis of myelinated nerve fibers showed that there was no significant difference between 8 and 12 weeks in treatment group. Muscle weight ratio was bigger and weight loss of the gastrocnemius muscle was ameliorated by inside-out vein grafting. The position of positive immunohistochemical reactions further implied that regenerated axons and Schwann cell-like cells existed after vein grafting was performed, and was accompanied by the process of myelination and structural recovery of regenerated nerves.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Functional analysis of peripheral nerve repair is far more reliable than quantitative morphometrical analysis.</p>