Noise Exposure Among Maintenance Crews Of C130h Aircraft Lead To The Hearing Impairment

@#The objectives of the research are to identify the noise sources and noise level exposure inside C130H aircraft’s hangar; to produce noise mapping; to identify hearing status of C130H aircraft maintenance crews (MC); and suggesting the noise control measure that can be applied. A field survey on noise level by using a digital sound level meter and producing noise mapping. A hearing testing among 63 MC was carried out in Institute of Aviation Medicine, Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF). Reviewing the literature and analyzing some control measures to be taken. Hearing test result shown 41.2% of the MC are having hearing impairment. The highest noise level at the central of the hangar is 92.2 dBA (day-time) and 94.2 dBA (night-time) when there is a C130H aircraft starting its engine at 50 meters from the central of the hangar, 95.3 dBA (day-time) and 97.3 dBA (night-time) when there is a C130H aircraft Engine Ground Run at 150 meters from the central of the hangar. Besides, Auxiliary Power Unit is producing the highest noise level which is 125.7 dBA (day-time) and 127.7 dBA (night-time). The application of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is the very likely control measure to be taken while engineering control is very costly but can be considered. Since noise is recognized as a hazard, hearing protection as PPE will not be the ultimate solution as a control measure. Hence, the Engineering Control must be identified and studied to be implemented as an ultimate solution to control the noise hazard in long term duration.

Noise exposure Among Maintenance Crews Of C130H Air-Craft Lead To The Hearing Impairment

The objective s of the research are t o identify the noise sources and noise level exposure inside C130H aircraft ’s hangar ; to produce nois e mapp ing ; to identify hearing status of C 130H aircraft maintenance crews (MC) ; and suggesting the noise control measure that can be applied. A field survey on noise level by using a digital s ound level m eter and producin g noise mapping . A h earing test ing among 63 MC was carried out in Institute of Aviation Me dicine , Royal Malaysian Air Force ( RMAF ) . Reviewing the literature and a nalyzing some control measure s to be taken. Hearing test result shown 41.2% of the MC are having hearing impairment. The highest noise level at the central of the hanga r is 92.2 dB A ( day - time) and 94.2 dBA (night - time) when there is a C130H aircraft starting its engine at 50 meter s from the centr al of the hanga r, 95.3 dBA (day - time) and 97.3 dBA (night - time) when there is a C130H a ircraft Engine Ground Run at 150 meter s fr om the centra l of the hanga r. Besides, Auxiliary Power Unit is producing the highest nois e level which is 125.7 dBA (day - time) and 127.7 dBA (night - time) . The application of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is the very likely control measure to be taken while engin eering control is ve ry costly but can be considered. Since noise is recognized as a hazard, hearing protection as PPE will not be the ultimate solution as a control measure. Hence, the Engineering Control must be identified and studied to be implemented as an ultimate solution to control the noise hazard in long term duration.

The potential of standardized quassinoid-rich extract of Eurycoma longifolia in the regulation of the oestrous cycle of rats

Objective: To evaluate the effects of Eurycoma longifolia (E. longifolia) standardized extract on the oestrous cycle, levels of reproductive hormones and histology of the ovaries of Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: Female rats were orally treated with E. longifolia standardized extract at the dose levels of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 25.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mg/kg of body weight over 5 days. Vaginal smears were monitored daily within the duration and after withdrawal of the treatment before being sacrificed. The body weights of the females were recorded before and after the 5 days treatment. At the end of the experiments, blood samples were collected for determination of testosterone, oestradiol and progesterone levels. Ovaries were removed, weighed and examined for histomorphological changes. Results: The administration of E. longifolia standardized extract did not significantly alter the oestrous cycle of the rats during the 5 days treatment and after withdrawal of the treatments. This was supported by normal testosterone, oestradiol and progesterone levels as well as normal morphology of the ovaries. Conclusions: The data obtained showed that E. longifolia standardized extract did not exhibit any toxic effect on reproductive activities of female rats suggesting potential use in the management of infertility.

Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma with lung metastasis

Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (PC-ALCL) is relatively a rare tumour of head and neck region. Without histopathological confirmation, it appears and behaved as like malignant epithelial tumor of the head and neck region as will be illustrated in the present case. Cutaneous involvement of the tumor with distant metastasis has made the prognosis unfavorable. This isolated case of head and neck PC-ALCL was highlighted as it has a tendency to behave aggressively and early diagnosis and treatment is crucial to avoid poor survival outcome.

Morphological and molecular characterization of fungus isolated from tropical bed bugs in Northern Peninsular Malaysia, Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera：Cimicidae)

To investigate some morphological and molecular characteristics of fungal parasites isolated from wild tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus. Methods: A series of culture methods were used to obtain fungal isolates from field-collected bed bugs. Characteristics of the isolates such as colony appearance, mycelial texture and pigmentation were studied to explore their morphology. Isolates were also subjected to a PCR-based genotyping test. Results: There were noticeable differences in morphological characteristics among the four isolates. Conidial areas of one isolate were dark green, whereas those of the remaining colonies were olive-green, black or dark brown. Conidia of the dark green isolate were globose, while those of olive-green, black and dark brown isolates were globose to subglobose, globose to spherical and globose to subglobose/finely roughened, respectively. These morphological specificities and the molecular analyses showed that the fungal internal transcribed spacer ribosomal region and β-tubulin gene sequences of the isolates shared clade with Trichoderma and Aspergillus sequences. Conclusions: Overall, the new discovery of common pathogens in agricultural field developed in live bed bugs storage tank may initiate the use of biological agents in later years.

Discrimination in parental treatment as realized by their children and its relation tosome behavioral problems among a sample of children aged [9-12] Yrs. Old

Objectives: The present study aims to reveal the relationship between the discrimination of parental treatment as perceived by the children with some behavioral problems at the age group [9-12] years. Also, the results of this research can be utilized of in educating the parents on the intact methods in dealing with the children in this age group

Sample: The study sample consists of [180 males and females]. They are selected from the public schools in Cairo as their ages ranged between [9-12] years. The sample is selected from the families consisting of parents with exclusion of cases of divorce and separation and travelling of a parent abroad

Instruments: A questionnaire of socio-cultural level in the age group [9-12][FayzaYousef Abdel Megeed], A scale of children treatment discrimination in the age group [9-12].[Researcher], and A scale of children's behavioral problems in the age group [9-12][Researcher]

Results: Is there a relationship between discrimination of the parental treatment as perceived by the children and some behavioral problems in the study sample in the age group [9-12] years and at the level of significance 0.01, Are there differences between method of discrimination of the parental treatment as perceived by the children and some behavioral problems according to sex dissimilarity [Male-Female] and at the level of significance 0.01, Are there differences between males and females in the emergence of some behavioral problems according to discrimination of the parental treatment as perceived by the children in the age group [9-12] years and at the level of significance 0.01, Isn't there differences in discrimination of the parental treatment as perceived by the children pursuant to discrepancy of the parents' instructional and social levels [Low-Medium-High], and at the level of significance 0.01 Are there differences in some behavioral problems of the children depending on the discrimination of the parental treatment as perceived by the children pursuant to discrepancy of the parents' instructional and social levels [Low-medium-high], and at the level of significance 0.01

Impact of chewing Khat on the mode of delivery of Yemeni pregnant women

Khat chewing is common among Yemeni women, even during pregnancy where it may affect the wellbeing during pregnancy and during delivery of these pregnant women. This study was conducted to determine the impact of Khat chewing on the mode of delivery of pregnant Yemeni women. This is a prospective study for 60 regular Khat chewing pregnant women and 120 non-Khat chewing pregnant women, selected from those attended with singleton pregnancy in their first or second trimester from the ANC unit of AL-Gamhouri Teaching Hospital in Taiz [Republic of Yemen]. Khat chewer pregnant women, when compared with the control, showed statistically significant risk of 6.06 times to deliver at gestational age earlier than 37 weeks and insignificant risk of 2.27 times to deliver after 42 weeks. They showed a statistically significant risk of 2.65 times to deliver by cesarean section [CS] and insignificant risk of 4.86 times for instrumental delivery. This study concluded that Khat chewing is associated with higher rate of cesarean and instrumental deliveries that may affect maternal and fetal wellbeing

Cervical ripening and induction of labour with foley's catheter compared to oxytocin

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness, efficiency, benefit, safety and maternal and fetal complications by using the Foley's urinary catheter size 20 versus oxytocin for preinduction ripening of the uterine cervix and induction of labour. Prospective randomized clinical trial. Labour and delivery ward Medani Maternity Teaching Hospital. In the period from Jul. 2004 to Feb. 2005 Seventy patients requiring induction of labour at term with a Bishop score of

[Use of misoprostol for induction of labour in 83 pregnant women in Al Yarmouk teaching hospital -Baghdad -Iraq]

To establish the safety and efficacy of vaginal misoprostol for induction of labour. This study was done in labour suite, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Baghdad,from May 2005 to February 2006. Eighty-three women with singleton pregnancies with different parities and different indications for induction of labour were enrolled in the study. After informed verbal consent, misoprostol tablet [Cytotec, a synthetic prostaglandin analogue, Pharmacia] was inserted in the posterior fornix and repeated, if needed, 8 hourly for no more than 3 doses. Parity will determine the initial dose of misoprostol to be used. The results studied were; the failure of induction rate, caesarean section rate, hyperstimulation rate, and the fetal outcome. Vaginal delivery was successfully established and achieved in 74 women [89.15%]. Caesarean section done for nine women [10.85%], four of them were for failure of induction [4.80%], two for fetal distress [2.41%] and three caesarean sections were done for malposition [3.62%]. Five cases of tachysystole were encountered, and there were no cases of uterine rupture. Misoprostol seems to be effective and safe agent for induction of labour, however it should be to be used with caution as the number of women is limited in this study

Malaria and maternal mortality in Gezira-Sudan

The objectives of this study include: [1] to identify the magnitude of malaria as a cause of maternal mortality [MM] [2] to study the demographic characteristics of MM cases caused by malaria and [3] to identify the actual cause of MM due to malaria. This is a six years hospital based retrospective review of hospital records of ladies died due to malaria in Wad Medani Teaching Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynaecology [WMTHOG], form 1 January 1998 to 31 December 2003. Malaria caused 10% to 40% of MM per year. The mean age was 27.57 years, most of them were primigravidae and from rural areas. 37.8% of the deaths occurred between 28 and 36 week of gestation. The median duration of stay in hospital was two days. However 32.4% of deaths stayed for less than 24 hours that indicated severe and serious clinical presentations. The main causes of death due to malaria or its complication were: anaemia [24.3], cerebral malaria [21.6%], circulatory failure [12.51] and renal failure [8.1%]. Others were pulmonary oedema, hyperpyrexia, puerperal psychosis, abortion, severe epistaxis, cardiac arrest, black water fever, electrolyte imbalance, and hepatic failure. The study recommended effective prevention of malaria and an intensive care approach in its management

An epidemiological study of animal bites in India: results of a WHO sponsored national multi-centric rabies survey.

This was a WHO sponsored national multi-centric rabies survey and one of its objectives was to find out the incidence of animal bites, anti-rabies treatment practices, Pet dog population and their care. Twenty-one medical colleges chosen with geoscatter representation conducted the survey during February-August, 2003. The survey was conducted in 18 states, covering a population of 52,731 chosen randomly from 8500 households. The annual incidence of animal bites was high, 1.7% and it was more in rural areas (1.8%), children (2.6%) and poor/low income group (75%). The main biting animal was dog (91.5%), mostly stray (63%), followed by cat (4.7%). A high proportion of bite victims did not wash their wounds with soap and water (39.5%), preferred Government hospitals (59.9%) and nerve tissue vaccine (46.9%). The use of rabies immunoglobulin was low (2.1%). A single animal bite episode led to a loss of 2.2 man-days and the cost of medicines including anti-rabies vaccine was Rs.252 (US$6). The recourse to indigenous treatment (45.3%) and local application to wound (36.8%/) was quite prevalent. About 17% of households reported having a pet/domesticated dog and the pet dog: man ratio was 1: 36. Pet dog care/management practices were not satisfactory with a low veterinary consultation (35.5%) and vaccination (32.9%). The situation was slightly better in urban areas. The people also reported the presence (83%) and menace (22.8%) of stray dogs. It is recommended to initiate appropriate community awareness and dog vaccination campaigns and effective stray dog control measures.

effect of antenatal care on the probability of neonatal survival at birth, Wad Medani Teaching Hospital, Sudan

This study is a comparative prospective cohort study testing the hypothesis that "there will be positive and established effects of each quality type of antenatal care intervention on neonatal survival at birth" by disproving the alternative hypothesis. A sample of 236 deliveries was selected. All the respondents were primigravidae with their quality type antenatal care recorded AIl pregnancies outcome [still-or-live birth] was examined and then recorded together with mothers' health state. Further analysis was carried out using log-linear and logistic regression. Aecarding to the applied scoring system 98 were sorted out as "good" women, 55 as "moderate" and 83 as "bad" in terms of their state of health. Women, who received "good" antenatal care, were 106. Only 2 [1.08%] had stillborn babies, while 57 who received "moderate" antenatal care had 8 [14.03%] stillbirths. Those who received no services [73] ended with 16 [21.09%] stillborn babies. Data was standardized for the influence of antenatci care, coded, computed and conclusions driven. Women having good health and receiving good antenatal care services are more likely to have live-born babies in opposition to those who had bad health and had no antenatal care. The odds of having a live-birth is 11.807 greater among women who had good antenatal care and good health than those who lacked good health and had no antenatal care services. Different combinations of variables could also show that antenatal care is the decisive variable in pregnancy desirable outcome [live-birth]. The frequency of stillbirth was very high [31.11%] among women categories "bad health" and "no antenatal care" Adequacy of antenatal care is strongly and consistently associated with birth outcome

The chronopharmacological effect of curcurnin on human gall-bladder.

Human gallbladder physiologically contracts and relaxes periodically. It has been demonstrated that curcumin (C) an active compound of Curcuma xanthorrhiza and Curcuma domestica produces a positive cholekinetic effect. The objective of this study is to define the influence of physiologic contraction and refilling of human gallbladder on the cholekinetic effect of Curcumin, and to determine the rime to achieve the maximum gall-bladder contraction after administration of 40 mg curcumin. Twelve healthy volunteers ingested 40 mg C and placebo (P) in a randomized double blind cross over study design. The volumes of gallbladder before and after taking C and P were half hourly determined by utrasonography and calculated using the ellipsoid methad for 6.0 hours. After P administration there is no gallbladder contraction. While afier C administration there was a contraction phase for 2 hours followed by a refilling phase for another 2.5 hours and then followed by second gall-bladder contraction started for 4.5 up to 6.0 hours. The maximal volume of gallblndder after 6.A hours was less than the basal volume, The cholekinetic effect of C is not chronopharmacologically influenced by the gall-bladder physiologic periodic contraction and refilling. The maximum contraction effect of C was achieved at 2 hours after oral administraion.