ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Leucas zeylanica against oxidative stress on hepatic tissue. Oxidative stress was induced by exposing hepatic tissue to ethanol and Fenton’s reagent (H2O2+FeSO4). The effect of oxidative stress on liver also was evaluated by the determination of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the levels of lipid peroxide (LPO). The antioxidative activity of L. zeylanica was determined by estimating it ability to inhibit the hepatic levels of lipid peroxide (LPO), as indicator of oxidative stress. Concomitantly, the antioxidant phytochemicals such as polyphenols and flavonoids were assessed against pyrogallol and quercetin standards. The ALT and AST activities and the levels of LPO of hepatic tissue were significantly increased by oxidative stress. L. zeylanica pretreatment, however, significantly repressed the oxidative stress on hepatic tissue, as indicated by the decreased activities of ALT and AST enzymes and levels of LPO. Analyses of the phytochemicals revealed that the extract of L. zeylanica contained substantial amounts of polyphenols (74.32 ± 4.6 μg of pyrogallol equivalent/mg) and flavonoids (15.69 ± 2.2 μg quercetin equivalent/mg of extract). Finally, the results of the present study demonstrated the presence of antioxidant phytochemicals, including polyphenols and flavonoids in L. zeylanica and hence-forth conferred protection against ethanol and H2O2-induced oxidative stress on hepatic tissue.
ABSTRACT
Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of polar extract of Clerodendrum viscosum vent. against in vitro hemolysis of human erythrocytes and its association with the antioxidant activity of C. viscosum. Study Design: Extraction of C. viscosum dried root, in vitro antihemolytic activity assay, lipid peroxidation assay, phytochemical analysis, estimation of polyphenols and flavonoids. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh, between January 2011 and May 2011. Methodology: C. viscosum polar extract-pretreated erythrocytes were hemolysed by hypotonia and oxidizing agent, H2O2. The liberated hemoglobin was determined as a measure of hemolysis. Total reducing power and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)- free radical scavenging activity of extract were compared with those of vitamin C. Anti- lipid peroxidation activity of C. viscosum polar extract also was determined by exposing rat brain cortex tissue to Fenton's reagent (H2O2+FeSO4)- induced oxidative stress. Then C. viscosum extract was subjected to estimation of total polyphenols and total flavonoids following qualitative phytochemical analysis. Results: C. viscosum polar extract significantly inhibited in vitro hemolysis. Total reducing power and DPPH-radical scavenging activity were higher than those of vitamin C. In cortical tissue homogenate, C. viscosum polar extract significantly reduced (~38%) the levels of lipid peroxides (LPO). Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of substantial amount of polyphenols, flavonoids and other antioxidant chemicals in the extract. Conclusion: Present investigation demonstrates that antihemolytic activity of C. viscosum polar extract is mediated by its antioxidant effect.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Leucas zeylanica against oxidative stress on hepatic tissue. Oxidative stress was induced by exposing hepatic tissue to ethanol and Fenton’s reagent (H2O2+FeSO4). The effect of oxidative stress on liver also was evaluated by the determination of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the levels of lipid peroxide (LPO). The antioxidative activity of L. zeylanica was determined by estimating it ability to inhibit the hepatic levels of lipid peroxide (LPO), as indicator of oxidative stress. Concomitantly, the antioxidant phytochemicals such as polyphenols and flavonoids were assessed against pyrogallol and quercetin standards. The ALT and AST activities and the levels of LPO of hepatic tissue were significantly increased by oxidative stress. L. zeylanica pretreatment, however, significantly repressed the oxidative stress on hepatic tissue, as indicated by the decreased activities of ALT and AST enzymes and levels of LPO. Analyses of the phytochemicals revealed that the extract of L. zeylanica contained substantial amounts of polyphenols (74.32 ± 4.6 μg of pyrogallol equivalent/mg) and flavonoids (15.69 ± 2.2 μg quercetin equivalent/mg of extract). Finally, the results of the present study demonstrated the presence of antioxidant phytochemicals, including polyphenols and flavonoids in L. zeylanica and hence-forth conferred protection against ethanol and H2O2-induced oxidative stress on hepatic tissue.
ABSTRACT
The prognosis of decompensated cirrhosis of liver resulting from chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is poor and liver transplantation is the only established mode of treatment. The benefits of treatment with interferon are outweighed by serious side effects and risks of fatal exacerbation of disease activity. Lamivudine rapidly reduces hepatitis B viral DNA in serum to undetectable levels. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effectiveness and safety of Lamivudine treatment in patients with advanced and end stage liver disease caused by Hepatitis B. This was a prospective observational study in which a total of 45 patients, 39 (87.0%) male and 6 (13.0%) female who had viral activity and child pugh score e" 8 were given Lamivudine 100 mg orally once daily. Among them 30 patients completed at least 6 months of therapy, majority (27 patients) showed improvement in liver function with decrease in serum ALT from mean (+/- SD) 118.8 +/- 106.5 to 50.2 +/- 57.1 U/L (p < 0.001), decrease in serum bilirubin from 73.9 +/- 80.5 to 44.7 +/- 62.9 micromol/l (p = 0.129), increase in serum albumin from 26.2 +/- 4.2 to 33.2 +/- 3.4 g/l (p < 0.05), decrease in prothrombin time from 8.3 +/- 4.0 to 3.9 +/- 2.9 seconds prolonged (p < 0.05) and reduction in child pugh score from 11.0 +/- 1.7 to 7.0 +/- 1.3 (p < 0.001). Seroconversion was found in 5 (11.1%) patients on Intention to treat analysis. Among the seroconverted group, 1 (2.2%) patient also lost HBsAg. Six (13.0%) patient had procore mutant virus, 2 (4.4%) of them showed virological response. Therefore, total 7 (15.5%) patients showed virological response by intention to treat analysis. We conclude that inhibition of viral replication with Lamivudine results in a significant improvement of liver function in patients with decompensated cirrhosis of liver due to HBV infection.