ABSTRACT
Recently, a novel human coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 led to a worldwide serious health concern, causing severe respiratory tract infections in humans. It is the third highly pathogenic and transmissible coronavirus after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged in humans. The source of origin, transmission to humans and mechanisms associated with the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 are not clear yet, however, its resemblance with SARS-CoV and several other bat coronaviruses was recently confirmed through genome sequencing related studies. It has been an emergent need to develop a potent and adequate number of drugs and vaccines to control the spread of coronavirus. We have screened the specific proteins such as ORF1ab polyprotein, surface glycoprotein, membrane glycoprotein and nucleocapsid phosphoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 for identification of T-cell epitopes using immunoinformatics tools. In this study we used different bioinformatics tools for analysis of genome and proteome. We retrieved gene sequence from NCBI. The expected molecular weight and isoelectric point (pI) values were also verified using Generunner and ExPaSy. These epitopes have showed the highest binding affinity with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules. These findings may be useful as an immunodiagnostic tool for the development of peptide based novel vaccines.
ABSTRACT
Background: India is the highest TB burden country in the world. In the year 2006, annual performance of revised national tuberculosis control programme (RNTCP) in India, in terms of cure rate of new smear positive patients was 84%, default rate was 6.4% while in Madhya Pradesh it was 82% and 7.6% respectively. Rewa district have poor performance as compare to national level. Non-adherence with treatment has been recognized as an important factor responsible for low cure rate and high incidence of drug resistant TB. The objective of study was to find out the compliance rate with DOTS and associated factors responsible for non-compliance in the district. Methods: The present observational study was carried out at fifteen selected DMC cum DOTS centers of Rewa district, M.P. Results: Of the 337 patients interviewed, majority of patients 270 (80.11%) complied and 67 (19.88%) did not comply to treatment. The main reasons for non-compliance were false perception of having their disease cured because they felt well with initial treatment 26 (38.81%), side effects of drugs 23 (34.33%), anxiety of loss of wages 9 (13.43%) and Migration of patients 7 (10.44%). Conclusions: Repeated counselling and motivation of noncompliant patients would be helpful to reduce noncompliance to treatment.