ABSTRACT
@#Jujube known as ‘Bidara’ in Malay customs is a beneficial plant to humans. Nowadays, it is being domestically produced into varieties of products to fulfill human needs. However, as time passed, Jujube was only seen as a source for business products while ignoring its real benefits. Thus, this paper aimed to illustrate its benefits as stated in the transliterated books of Malay medical manuscripts, with solid support from scientific and Islamic perspectives. As a common ingredient for remedies, jujube has been documented in old manuscripts such as Kitab Tib MSS 2151, Kitab Tib Muzium Terengganu, The Medical Book of Malayan Medicine, and Kitab Al-Rahmah Fi al-Tibb Wa Al-Hikmah. Past journals and articles were analyzed to describe the benefits of jujube from scientific and Islamic points of view which are derived from the Quran and Hadith. In the selected Malay medical manuscripts, jujube was prescribed as a remedy for dysentery, loss of appetite, sore throat, smallpox, and scorpion sting. Scientific findings have broadened the discoveries of its medicinal advantages with the presence of properties such as anti-diarrheal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiallergic. Islamic views which are derived from the Quran, Hadith, and scholars’ books mainly circulate its benefits as a cleansing agent, black magic defense mechanism, and medicine for certain illnesses. To conclude, this paper will review the benefits of jujube from the ancient Malay medical manuscript, which is parallel with the Islamic perspective and supported by scientific findings.
ABSTRACT
Ventilator associated pneumonia [VAP] has been associated with high morbidity and mortality rates especially in critically ill patients. Implementing the "ventilator bundle" series of interventions serves a pivotal role in reducing the incidence of VAP. This study was carried out to review compliance of the staff in UKMMC ICU towards ventilator bundle from August 2010 to March 2011. All medical and nursing staffs in ICU were given education by means of lectures, pamphlets, posters, and refresher sessions which were implemented in between two periods of assessment Compliance was assessed on daily basis at random throughout a 140-day course divided into 70 pre-educational days and 70 post-educational days. Pre-educational overall compliance achieved was 38.4%. Compliance of individual component was: [1] head of bed [HOB] > 30 degrees: 43.6%, [2] Peptic ulcer disease [PUD] prophylaxis: 88.6% [3] Deep venous thrombosis [DVT] prophylaxis: 86.7% [4] Sedation vacation: 98.1% [5] Oral care: 96.7%. Post-educational overall compliance achieved was 65.0% with each individual component achieving 67.6%, 97.7%, 89.6%, 97.4%, and 99.0% respectively. There were statistically significant increases [p<0.05] in overall compliance and 3 individual components i.e. HOB elevation, PUD prophylaxis and oral care. Implementation of education had resulted in improved compliance of some, but not all components of the ventilator bundle. Continuous staff education is recommended to ensure further improvement and maintenance in compliance amongst the multidisciplinary team who manage patients in ICU