ABSTRACT
To compare the microscopic changes in zona fasciculata of adrenal gland of rats between control and chronic heat exposed groups. Experimental Study. This was conducted in IBMS, DUHS. Karachi from June 2010 to May 2011. Forty eight male wistar rats were selected for the study and divided into two groups A and B, each group consisted of 24 rats. Group A served as control and subdivided into three groups. Group B was taken as chronic heat exposed and subdivided into three groups on period of exposure [Bl, B2, B3]. All rats were acclimatized at temperature of 22 +/- 2°C for two weeks. Group B exposed to 35 +/- 2°C for 2 hour daily for 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks, and sacrificed on completion of respective period of heat exposure along with their respective control. After dissection the gross changes and weight of each adrenal gland was observed, gland was fixed in Bouin's fluid and embedded into paraffin wax. After tissue blocks made, 5microm thick sections were obtained; sections were stained with Haematoxyline and Eosin stain to observe the light microscopic changes. Statistical analysis was done by using the software SPSS version 16, t-test, Mann Whitney, ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis were applied for the comparison between the group variables. The changes in the total cortical thickness in chronic groups were shown by the P-value < 0.0001. Thickness of zona fasiculata and changes between all chronic and their control groups showed the P-value = < 0.0001; The other significant changes were also observed on microscopic micrometry. The significant increase in the total thickness of cortex and zona fasciculata of the gland was seen, as increased seceretory vesicles were observed after chronic exposure to heat stress. After the completion of this study, it is suggested that more investigations should be carried out to see the genetic influences and the depth of the whole process
Subject(s)
Male , Animals, Laboratory , Hot Temperature , Adrenal Glands , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
To observe the effects of ibuprofen on the stomach of the albino rats under light microscope and its morphometeric analysis. A prospective experimental study. This study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi during 01.04.2008 to 31.05.2008. Thirty male adult albino rats were taken for the study and were divided into two groups containing 15 animals each. Each group was divided in to three sub groups according to the time of sacrifice i.e. 4,6 and 8 weeks. Group A served as control. Group B received ibuprofen at the dose of 70 mg per kilogram body weight per day orally with feed. After completion of respective period of treatment animals were sacrificed, abdomen was opened. The stomach was removed and opened along the greater curvature, divided into cardiac, body and pyloric parts and was fixed in Buffered neutral formalin for 24 hours. After that tissues were processed in ascending strength of alcohol, cleared in xylene and infiltrated and embedded with paraffin. Five micron thick sections were made on the rotatory microtome, were stained with Haematoxylin and eosin [for general morphology and morphometric study], and with Periodic Acid Schiff Orange-G [for the mucus content of the surface mucus cells and the mucus neck cells], randomly selected every seventh stained section, in three fields were studied. In stained sections of all parts of stomach the lining epithelium was disrupted, exfoliated, and ulcers and erosions were present. The erosive areas contained red blood cells and extended deep in to lamina propria. The results of mucosal thickness and the mean values of number of surface mucous cell count was moderately significant [P < 0.001] to highly significant [[P < 0.0001] in all parts of stomach when compared to control. The mucous content of the surface mucous cell in subgroups 'B'1, 'B'2 and 'B'3 of cardiac and pyloric parts were same marked [++++], while in body part of stomach it was moderate [+++] same as in control animals respectively. Based on present study, it is concluded that Ibuprofen induces gastric mucosal damage