ABSTRACT
Beta-hemolytic Enterococcus faecalis was isolated from the pericardial fluid obtained from a patient with pyopericardium. The patient was immunocompetent and had mild pleural effusion. He was treated with parenteral co-amoxiclav and amikacin, had underwent pericardiectomy with repeated pericardial aspiration, and recovered completely. To our knowledge, this is the first report of pyopericardium due to E. faecalis .
Subject(s)
Amikacin/therapeutic use , Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Enterococcus faecalis/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pericardiectomy , Pericarditis/drug therapy , Suppuration/microbiologyABSTRACT
With the advent of cephalosporins, penicillin appears to have lost some ground for treatment of Acute Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcal Pharyngitis. It has been argued for some time now whether penicillin should remain the drug of choice for the management of this infection. Evidence has been presented both in favour and against using penicillin for Group A beta hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) pharyngotonsillitis. In this commentary, we review the available data in the current literature and conclude that penicillin should still remain the drug of first consideration for GABHS pharyngitis. If penicillin treatments were less effective now, the clinical and bacteriologic failure rates should be on the rise compared to the previous years.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , India , Infant , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Penicillins/therapeutic use , Pharyngitis/drug therapy , Streptococcal Infections/drug therapy , Streptococcus pyogenes/drug effects , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Valproic acid in 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg doses produced a significant dose dependent decrease in exploratory behaviour, tested as number of head dips on the hole board. In the open field test, control mice entered less number of peripheral squares and more number of central squares on day 4 as compared to day 1 of the test. In the lower doses (100 and 200 mg/kg) valproic acid increased central square entries on day 1 with significant decrease by all doses on subsequent days indicating inhibition of exploratory behaviour. However, in peripheral square entry they followed the same pattern as control mice. Neither carbamazepine (10 and 20 mg/kg) nor ethosuccimide (100 and 200 mg/kg) affected exploratory behaviour in either the hole board or open field test.