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1.
An. Fac. Med. (Perú) ; 79(1): 6-10, ene.-mar. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011000

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La aparición de algunas zoonosis en varias provincias de la región Lima en el año 2015, motivó una investigación de diversas zoonosis por la Dirección de Salud de la Región Lima Provincias. Objetivo. Determinar la seroprevalencia de hidatidosis (equinococosis) mediante el test de ELISA IgE comparado con el Western Blot en cinco provincias de la Región Lima. Métodos. Se recolectó un total de 560 muestras de suero de pobladores de cinco provincias de la Región Lima: Canta (n=180), Huaral (n=55), Yauyos (n=133), Cajatambo (n=32), y Huaura (n=160). Se detectaron anticuerpos IgE y anticuerpos IgG mediante el test de ELISA y Western-Blot respectivamente. Resultados. Un total de 39 muestras procedentes de pobladores de las provincias de Canta, Yauyos y Huaura, fueron positivas al test de ELISA IgE (seroprevalencia de 6,96%) y 33 fueron positivas al Western Blot IgG (seroprevalencia de 5,89%), con presencia de bandas débiles de 8 y 16 kDa. Se determinó una concordancia del 99% entre ambos tests, (índice kappa =0,91). El 50% (20/39) de los sujetos seropositivos tuvieron entre 25 y 60 años de edad, mientras que la menor proporción de seropositivos (1/39) fueron niños menores de cinco años. Conclusiones: El test de ELISA IgE puede ser utilizado para la detección de individuos seropositivos a anticuerpos anti Echinoccocus spp., mostrando alta concordancia con el Western Blot IgG. Podría utilizarse esta técnica en estudios seroepidemiológicos de campo.


Introduction. Diagnosis of some zoonosis in different provinces from the Lima region, motivated on epidemiological investigation. Objective. To determine the prevalence of hydatidosis (echinococosis) in population from Lima region by ELISA IgE test compared with Western Blot. Methods. 560 sera samples were collected from people living in five provinces of Lima region: Canta (n=180), Huaral (n=55), Yauyos (n=133), Cajatambo (n=32) and Huaura (n=160). Antibodies IgE and IgG were detected by ELISA test and Western Blot respectively. Results. 39 samples were positives to ELISA IgE test (seroprevalence 6,96%) and 33 samples were positives to Western Blot IgG test (seroprevalence 5,89%), with light bands of 8 and 16 kDa. Positivesamples proceeded from people of provinces of Canta, Yauyos and Huaura. Concordancy were determinedbetween both tests (kappa index = 0,91). 50% (20/39) of positive subjects are from 25 to 60 years old, while less proportion of positives (1/39) were children under 5 years. Conclusions. ELISA IgE test can be used for the detection of positive person to anti Echinococcus spp. antibody, showing very high concordance with Westrn Blot IgG. Could be used in seroepidemiologic studies.

2.
An. Fac. Med. (Perú) ; 76(3): 241-246, jul.-set.2015. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-781086

ABSTRACT

En un estudio previo, los autores estandarizaron una prueba de ELISA IgE para hidatidosis con alta sensibilidad (95,6 por ciento) y especificidad (100 por ciento) para el diagnóstico y seguimiento de pacientes tratados con albendazol, con resultados alentadores. Objetivo. Confirmar la utilidad de la medición de los niveles de los anticuerpos IgE en pacientes con equinococosis quística tratados con albendazol y considerados curados clínica y ecográficamente y en pacientes mejorados o curados que recurrieron. Diseño. Estudio retrospectivo-prospectivo, de tipo cuasi experimental, corte longitudinal, con pre prueba y post prueba en un solo grupo para evaluar el diagnóstico y seguimiento en los casos prospectivos y el seguimiento y recurrencia en ambos grupos. Institución. Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Daniel A. Carrión", Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú. Participantes. Pacientes con equinococosis quística. Métodos. Se incluyó 17 pacientes, 15 mujeres y 2 hombres, entre 25 y 80 años de edad (promedio 58 años), con uno más quistes hepáticos y en uno además quistes pulmonares; 16 fueron tratados con albendazol a la dosis de 12-15 mg/kg, en 3 a 5 ciclos de 28 días y uno recibió tratamiento con albendazol y cirugía por una complicación. Todos fueron seguidos entre dos y 12 años postratamiento, con evaluación clínica y ecográfica en 2 a 7 oportunidades y cuantificación de los niveles de anticuerpos IgE para equinococosis en muestras de sangre. La técnica utilizada para la detección de anticuerpos IgE mediante prueba de ELISA para IgE fue estandarizada por los autores. Principales medidas de resultados. Relación de niveles de anticuerpos IgE en sangre y comportamiento de la enfermedad. Resultados. En 10 de los 17 pacientes se mantuvieron los niveles de IgE por debajo del punto de corte, lo que se consideró como evidencia de curación, lo que además coincidía con los cambios en la ecoestructura que iba de CE1 y CE2 a CE4 y CE5, según la...


In a previous study an IgE ELISA test for hydatidosis was standardized and evidenced high sensitivity (95.6 per cent) and specificity (100 per cent) and encouraging results for the diagnosis and follow up of patients treated with albendazole. Objectives: To confirm efficacy of IgE antibody level determination in patients with cystic echinococcosis treated with albendazole and considered clinically cured and ultrasonographically improved, or recurrence in patients considered improved or cured. Design: Longitudinal, retrospective-prospective, quasi-experimental study, longitudinal study, with pre- and post-test for assessing diagnosis and monitoring in the prospective group, and follow-up and recurrence in both groups. Setting: Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Daniel A. Carrión", Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Participants: Patients with cystic echinococcosis. Methods: Seventeen patients, 15 female and 2 male, 25-80 years old (average 58 years) carrying one or more hepatic cysts and one also lung cysts were treated with albendazole 12-15 mg/kg in 3 or 5 28-day cycles. One had also surgical treatment for a complication. They were followed for 2 to 12 years after treatment, with clinical and ultrasound evaluation 2-7 times and serum quantification of echinococcosis IgE antibody levels. IgE antibody detection method was IgG ELISA test standardized by the authors. Main outcome measures: Relation of serum IgE antibodies and disease outcome. Results: Out of the 17 patients, 10 had serum IgE below cutoff levels considered as evidence of healing. This coincided with eco structural changes from CE1 and CE2 to CE4 and CE5, according to the ultrasound imaging WHO classification, indicating high activity in the firsts and low or no recent activity in the latter. Seven patients evidencing cure or clinical and ultrasound improvement and significant decrease of IgE some below de cut-off level showed sustained increase of these levels...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Echinococcosis , Immunoglobulin E , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies
3.
Perinatol. reprod. hum ; 19(3/4): 152-160, jul.-dic. 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-632279

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Identificar el origen de factores de riesgo como el rol de género y la asertividad en la evaluación de las disfunciones sexuales. Método: Se estudiaron pacientes de nuevo ingreso en el Instituto Nacional de Perinatología y se conformaron dos grupos: 100 sin disfunciones y 100 con disfunciones. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de población, descriptivo, transversal, en el que la muestra se seleccionó mediante un procedimiento de selección por cuota y de observaciones independientes. Se utilizó la Historia Clínica Codificada de Sexualidad Femenina,19 y para la clasificación de los grupos: el Inventario de Masculinidad-Feminidad15 y la Escala Multidimensional de Asertividad.16 Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la dimensión masculinidad y asertividad en situaciones cotidianas con puntaje mayor en el grupo sin disfunciones sexuales; en las dimensiones de sumisión, asertividad indirecta y no asertividad en puntaje fue mayor en el grupo con disfunciones sexuales. Conclusiones: El rol de género de sumisión, la asertividad indirecta y la no asertividad están asociadas a la presencia de disfunciones sexuales femeninas, o sea, con un funcionamiento sexual insatisfactorio.


Objective: To appraise risk factors, gender role and asertivity, in order to evaluate sexual dysfunctions. Methods: From the first ingress patients, there were taken two groups: 100 patients without sexual dysfunction and 100 with sexual dysfunction. The study was retrospective, transversal descriptive study, not experimental comparative design. It was used the Codificated Female Sexual Clinical History, for classifying the groups, The Masculinity-Femininity Inventory and the Multidimetional Asertivity Scale. Results: There were found differences in masculinity dimension and asertivity in daily situations with greater score in group without sexual dysfunction; in submission, indirect asertivity and non- asertivity dimensions, the score was great in the group with sexual dysfunctions. Conclusions: Submission, indirect asertivity and not asertivity is associated to the presence of female sexual dysfunctions.

4.
Salud ment ; 28(4): 74-80, jul.-ago. 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-985907

ABSTRACT

resumen está disponible en el texto completo


Summary Sexual dysfunctions are a high frequency problem that should be studied because of its significance for individual health. For that reason, approaches to sexuality, sexual dysfunctions prevalence among women and men of a population sample in Mexico City, and the particular frequency of each dysfunction, will convey the possibility of suggesting more precise and focused treatment strategies, as well as the generation of ground lines for the investigation of the specific factors that could be related to them. Based on researches conducted by many pioneers who have approached the study of human sexuality, Masters and Johnson built up, for the first time during the 1960s, the human sexual response and its dysfunctions. Also, they hold the hypothesis that the way to understand human sexuality must relay on the study of the human sexual response cycle. This consists of five phases: sexual urge phase, excitement phase, plateau phase, orgasmic phase and resolution phase. Masters and Johnson needed to define those phases, so they described and delimited inherent sexual dysfunctions, which may not always be present -but could be- in human sexuality. In order to give a precise and correct diagnosis, researchers have to define and classify sexual dysfunctions. In this sense, Rubio defines them as "a group of syndromes in which the erotical processes of sexual response are undesirable for the individual or for the social group, and occurs persistently and recurrently". Researchers of the Department of Psychology at the National Institute of Perinatology (Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, INPer) in Mexico City, which is a third level institution (specialties hospital) dedicated to people with reproduction problems, realized that investigation about sexual problems will lead to a broad and objective panorama (not hypothetical) of factors like prevalence, types, and gender comparisons of sexual problems among Mexican population. Main objective. This research seeks to state the prevalence, percentage, frequency, and types of both male and female sexual dysfunctions, as well as the differences between them, in a sample of Mexican population living in Mexico City. The research also intends to analyze some variables related to the sexual life of the population under study: sexual information they have previously received, traumatic sexual experiences and childhood trauma. Method (material and procedures): Researchers used the Clinical Record of Feminine Sexuality (Historia Clínica de la Sexualidad Femenina) and the Questionnaire of Sexuality, Male Version (Cuestionario de Sexualidad, Versión Hombres), both validated for Mexican population. The type of study that researchers conducted was populational, screening, descriptive, longitudinal, and retrospective. The study was performed using a non-experimental design with two samples drawn from INPer (patients and others); one of the samples consisted of 384 female participants and the other consisted of 363 male individuals (non partners of the patients included in the sample). Each participant was included into one of two groups: Group 1 comprised individuals without dysfunction and Group 2 included participants with sexual dysfunction. This classification was made when individuals were accepted at the INPer as patients, and before they were included in any medical treatment or intervention. Sample size was representative of the number of individuals accepted as patients of INPer that year. Inclusion criteria for men and women consisted of a level of education at least of elementary school -so they could understand the questionnaires- having a sexual partner for a year or more, without previous diagnostic of mental retardation or psychosis, nor medical conditions like neurological or endocrine syndromes, cardiopathies, vascular problems or genital infections, that could influence or determine sexual dysfunctions. Patients were included in Group 1 (control group) without sexual dysfunctions, or in Group 2 (experimental group) with sexual dysfunctions, based upon the results of the Clinical records in women as well as in men, which is intended to determine presence or absence of sexual dysfunctions and the kind of dysfunction that each individual has. The questionnaire, besides classifying sexual dysfunction, explores sexual life. The 10 types of sexual dysfunctions are: 1. sexual urge disorder (hypoactive sexual desire), 2. aversion to sex disorder, 3. female arousal disorder, 4, male erectile dysfunction, 5. female orgasm disorder, 6. male orgasm disorder, premature ejaculation, pain associated with intercourse disorder (dyspareunia), 9. vaginism (defined and classified following the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Text Revised (DSM-IV-TR), and 10. dysrythmia (as stated by Alvarez-Gayou, persistent and recurrent inability to obtain satisfaction in one of the partners due to the difference in sexual urge for sexual activity frequency, when conditions are adequate and the problem is not related to physical problems). Results: Prevalence in women was 52%; in men it was 38.8%. Mean in women with sexual dysfunctions was 2.52 dysfunctions by patient; mean in men with sexual dysfunctions was 1.48 by patient. Dysrythmia was the most frequent dysfunction both, in males and females. Concerning variables related to sexual activity, childhood trauma for women, masturbation for men and information about sexuality for both men and women, were the main ones. Conclusion: Prevalence of sexual dysfunctions and frequency by patient in individuals attending the INPer is lower in men's population. Having an effective and sound information about sexuality is essential for sexuality development. Another important topic are traumatic sexual experiences that are more frequent in female population and are also associated with sexual dysfunctions; men are less jeopardized for that kind of experiences. Masturbation practice is related to the absence of sexual dysfunctions in men. On the other hand, that practice is not significant for women. Results of this research led us to change attention strategies; this will have a repercussion in the effective treatments and decreased periods of time to solve the problem. Regarding the possibility to generalize the results, research could be directed to determine prevalence in populations with no reproduction risk and then compare them with the population of the study; hypothetically, results would not have a significant variability given the control of variables.

5.
Rev. argent. radiol ; 68(2): 109-112, 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-400713

ABSTRACT

Propósito: Ponderar la utilidad del método y medir la sensibilidad diagnóstica en pacientes con sospecha de hemorragia y ACV lacunar y no lacunar. Material y método. Se evaluaron en forma retrospectiva las historias de 237 pacientes atendidos entre septiembre de 2002 a febrero de 2003, que habían sido estudiados mediante técnicas de resonancia magnética (RM) y angiorresonancia (ARM) de cerebro y cuello. Resultados. En nuestra serie, 237 pacientes presentaron alteraciones tales como hemorragia (n=41), lesión isquémica lacunar (n=24) y lesión isquémica no lacunar (n=43). En 67 casos (62 por ciento) se observó una restricción de la difusión. En el accidente isquémico no lacunar la angio RM fue patológica en el 65 por ciento de los casos, mientras en las hemorragias resultó patológica sólo en un 19,5 por ciento. En las isquemias lacunares la angio-RM resultó normal en 96 por ciento de los casos. Conclusión. Las técnicas de difusión y perfusión pueden contribuir significativamente para la evaluación en el ACV agudo, no obstante, en nuestro trabajo, la ARM posee una sensibilidad solo del 4 por ciento para la patología de pequeñas arterias (stroke lacunar)


Subject(s)
Humans , Brain Ischemia , Cerebral Hemorrhage , Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain , Stroke , Brain Ischemia , Cerebral Infarction , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain , Magnetic Resonance Angiography , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Retrospective Studies
6.
Rev. argent. radiol ; 66(2): 99-103, abr-jun. 2002. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-316241

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso de una paciente de sexo femenino de 4 meses de edad con dificultad respiratoria rápidamente progresiva, sin otras manifestaciones clínicas reseñables. Se efectuó ecografía, tomografía computada (TC) y resonancia magnética (RM). La combinación de métodos imagenológicos permitió reconocer los diferentes tejidos constitutivos del tumor con bastante precisión. La RM mostró el diagnóstico topográfico de la lesión, su disposición supradiafragmática con invasión del canal raquídeo a través de los neuroforámenes dorsales, emulando un neuroblastoma. La resección quirúrgica por toracotomía y ulterior análisis histológico de la pieza confirmó el diagnóstico de teratoma inmaduro grado I. La macroscopía reveló composición mixta quístico/sólida. La microscopía mostró el contenido sólido constituído por tejido ectodérmico, endodérmico, mesenquimático, neurogénico y por plexo coroideo


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Respiratory Insufficiency , Teratoma , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mediastinal Neoplasms , Teratoma
7.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 44(2): 85-90, Mar.-Apr. 2002. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-308011

ABSTRACT

A prospective study was designed to evaluate disorders of hemostasis and levels of anticardiolipin antibodies (ACL) in 30 patients with severe leptospirosis and acute renal failure (ARF) (ARF was defined as serum creatinine > or = 1.5 mg/dL). The patients had been admitted to the Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Säo José Infectious Diseases Hospital and General Hospital of Fortaleza, Ceará, from August 1999 to July 2001. They all were male, with a mean age of 32 + or - 14 years and with clinical and laboratory diagnoses of ARF leptospirosis. The time elapsed between onset of symptoms and the first hemorrhagic manifestation was 9 + or - 4 days. Bleeding was observed in 86 percent of the patients. Laboratory tests showed significantly high levels of urea (181 + or - 95 mg/dl), fibrinogen, (515 + or - 220 mg/dl), prothrombin time (13.3 + or - 0.9 seconds) and low platelet counts (69 + or - 65x10³/mm³) on admission. There was no elevation in activated partial thromboplastin time or thrombin time. Levels of IgM and IgG ACL concentrations were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in leptospirosis patients when compared to control patients (28.5 + or - 32.4 vs. 11.5 + or - 7.9MPL U/ml and 36.7 + or - 36.1 vs. 6.5 + or - 2.5 GPL U/ml), respectively. Vasculitis, thrombocytopenia and uremia should be considered important factors for the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic disturbances and the main cause of death in severe leptospirosis


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Acute Kidney Injury , Antibodies, Anticardiolipin , Hemorrhagic Disorders , Leptospirosis , Case-Control Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunoglobulin A , Immunoglobulin G , Leptospirosis , Prospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index
8.
Rev. méd. Hosp. Gen. Méx ; 64(4): 220-224, oct.-dic. 2001. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-326851

ABSTRACT

Con el objeto de investigar cuál es el mejor procedimiento para mejorar la calidad diagnóstica de la biopsia aspiración con aguja fina, se evaluaron 671 muestras de tiroides que se distribuyeron en tres grupos según la forma de obtención del material; Grupo A: la punción la efectuó el clínico sin participación del patólogo. Grupo B: la punción la efectuó el clínico y fue evaluada inmediatamente por el patólogo. Grupo C: la punción y evaluación inmediata la llevó a cabo el patólogo. Sólo 399 aspirados fueron adecuados para diagnóstico. Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron en el grupo C con 17.8 por ciento de muestras inadecuadas, 100 por ciento de sensibilidad, 85 por ciento de especificidad y 0 por ciento de falsos negativos. La participación del patólogo para hacer y/o evaluar el aspirado disminuye el número de muestras inadecuadas y mejora la calidad del diagnóstico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Specimen Handling , Biopsy, Needle , Thyroid Neoplasms , Laboratory Personnel , Physicians
9.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 54: 107-11, mayo 1986. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-104108

ABSTRACT

De mayo de 1986 a diciembre de 1984 se practicaron 57 estudios, 53 llegaron para estudio citogenético, siendo la edad materna avanzada la indicación en 77.7% de los casos; tres fueron solicitados por parejas con antecedentes del cierre del tuvo neural y uno por ser la pareja portadora del gen de la gangliosidosis generalizada GMI. En todos los casos se practicaron amniocentesis bajo ultrasonido, estudio citogenético con técnica de subcultivo, y determinación de alfa feto proteínas. En total se logró un resultado citogenético en 98% de los casos y 91.2% fueron entregados antes de los 21 días como está establecido internacionalmente


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Humans , Female , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis , Prenatal Diagnosis , Amniocentesis , Karyotyping , Mexico , Ultrasonography
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