ABSTRACT
Introduction: Sitagliptin is a dipeptidyl-peptidase inhibitor(DPP-4 inhibitor) Like other DPP-4 inhibitors its actionis mediated by increasing levels of the incretin hormonesglucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitorypolypeptide (GIP). Sitagliptin is effective in lowering HbA1cand fasting as well as postprandial glucose in monotherapyand in combination with other oral antidiabetic agents. Thestudy was aimed to evaluate the effect of sitagliptin on fastingand postprandial blood sugar, fasting plasma insulin levelsand HbA1C in patients with type-2 Diabetes Mellitus at 0level and after 16 weeks of treatment with sitagliptin.Material and Methods: A prospective study comprising 70diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus was carried out.These patients were put on sitagliptin 100 mg OD for 16weeks and venous blood samples were taken at 0 level andafter 16 weeks.Results The decrease in mean fasting plasma glucose levelsat 0 week and 16 weeks was 40.18mg/dl (17.71%) therapy.The change in mean post prandial glucose level was 56.18mg/dl (19.97%). On Statistical analysis, the reduction in meanfasting plasma glucose levels and post prandial blood sugar intotal number of patients was highly significant (p<0.001). Thechange in mean glycosylated hemoglobin level was 0.88%(9.75%)and p value was also highly significant p<0.001.The change in mean plasma insulin level was 2.50μIU/ml(10.69%). The decrease in values in study group at 4 monthswas statistically highly significant.Conclusions: The study concludes that Sitagliptin representsa substantial advance in antidiabetic therapy and it helps inimproving the diabetic profile of type 2 diabetes patients.
ABSTRACT
The anti proliferative potential of siRNA26, targeted to Aurora kinase B, in prostate cancer cells is known from a previous study from our laboratory. Here we first show that siRNA26 cleaves at the same position of the target mRNA in the prostate cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, PC3 and HepG2 respectively. Aurorakinase B specific siRNA, but not a control siRNA, inhibited PC3 and HepG2 cell proliferation and cell migration. These effects correlated to RNA silencing of Aurorakinase B in both the cell lines. Intra-tumoral administration of HiPerfect complexed siRNA26 inhibited the growth of HepG2 xenografts in SCID mice. In an orthotopic setting, intravenous administration of HiPerfect encapsulated siRNA26 appeared to reduce the severity of multifocal lesions.
Subject(s)
Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Aurora Kinase B/genetics , Aurora Kinase B/metabolism , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Female , Hep G2 Cells , Humans , Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics , Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism , Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy , Male , Mice , Mice, SCID , Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics , Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism , Prostatic Neoplasms/therapy , RNA Interference , RNA, Messenger/chemistry , RNA, Messenger/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , RNA, Small Interfering/genetics , RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism , RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology , Transfection , Xenograft Model Antitumor AssaysABSTRACT
Prostate cancer is the most prevalent cancer found in men above the age of fifty years and is frequently diagnosed in men between 45 and 89 years of age with a median age of 72 years. This work was undertaken to assess oxidative stress and antioxidant status in patients with carcinoma of prostate. Erythrocyte ascorbic acid and plasma vitamin E levels were estimated in patients with carcinoma of prostate and compared to controls. It was observed that there was a significant decrease in Erythrocyte ascorbic acid and plasma vitamin E levels in patients with carcinoma of prostate compared to controls. The decrease in the levels of antioxidant vitamins may be due to the increased turnover for preventing the oxidative damage in these patients.