Triple synchronous primary cancers of thyroid, bladder and prostate: a case report

Multiple primary cancer is defined as tow or more cancers in a single patient. Although the presence of bladder and prostate carcinoma in the same patient is not a rare event, third primary malignancy in patients with bladder and prostate carcinoma is rare. In this report, we present a patient who developed synchronous multiple primary cancers including bladder, prostate and thyroid pillary cancer within a five -month period. This combination of synchronous multiple primary carcinomas, according to the best our knowledge, has never been reported in the literature. In conclusion, the possibility that multiple primary malignancies exist must always be considered during pretreatment evaluation. The focal thyroid 2-[18F] fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography / computed tomography incidentaloma with high standardized uptake values warrants a pathological diagnostic procedure

Favored gyral sites of supratentorial astrocytic tumors

It is well known that the predilective sites of extrinsic tumors (meningiomas, chordomas, etc) are at the skull base and along the calvarium. Although intrinsic tumors or glial tumors have also been seen to have anatomic and functional predilective sites within the central nervous system, these have not been well documented. We conducted this study to investigate if supratentorial astrocytic tumors have a predilection for specifi c gyri. We investigated the clinical and radiological records of 60 successive patients who had been operated on at our institution and had had histologically confi rmed supratentorial astrocytic tumors (36 males, 24 females, mean age: 52 years). Coronal sections were selected from the pre-operative contrast enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The labeling of gyral areas for analysis of MRI was done using Yaşargil’s method. Additional information obtained from 3-dimensional MRI and surgical fi ndings was taken into account when it was diffi cult to distinguish the specifi c gyrus in which the tumor was located. The middle portions of the frontal gyri, insular gyri and the supramarginal gyrus and its surroundings were among the most common locations for the development of tumors. Interestingly, with the exception of one case, none of the tumors was situated in the precentral or postcentral gyri. It seems that supratentorial astrocytic tumors have a predilection for specifi c gyri and disfavor some other gyri. This cannot be explained simply by the different sizes of the cerebral lobes. A classical lobar concept of cerebral anatomy may lead to a misunderstanding of cerebral pathophysiology.

Relationship between thyroid volume and iodine, leptin, and adiponectin in obese women before and after weight loss

To investigate whether or not reduction of thyroid volume during weight loss is related to adipocytokines and urinary iodine excretion in obese women. 98 obese and 31 non-obese women consecutively admitted to the endocrinology and metabolism outpatient clinic of the School of Medicine, Akdeniz University were included in the study. Thyroid volume, thyroid function tests, leptin and adiponectin levels, and urinary iodine excretion were measured at baseline and six months after treatment for obesity. Thyroid volume increased in obese women [p = 0.048]. After adjustment for body mass index, there were no significant differences in plasma leptin and serum adiponectin levels between obese and non-obese women [p > 0.05]. Thyroid volume correlated positively with body mass index [r = 0.48, p = 0.04], leptin [r = 0.1, p = 0.03], and thyroid-stimulating hormone [r = 0.43, p = 0.001] levels, while there was a negative correlation between thyroid volume and urinary iodine [r = -0.38, p = 0.04] and urinary iodine/creatinine ratio [r = -0.25, p = 0.045] in obese women. Changes in body mass index [p = 0.022] and leptin levels [p = 0.039] were the only factors that significantly affected the change of thyroid volume during weight loss. Iodine status may play an important role in increased thyroid volume in obese women; however, iodine status did not seem to exert a significant influence on the changes in thyroid volume. On the other hand, changes in both body mass index and plasma leptin levels seemed to be important for changes in thyroid volume