Pattern of homicide in Muzaffarabad [AJK]

Homicide is the highest level of aggression found in all cultures and ages and is one of the oldest crimes in the human history. The pattern of Homicide has changed with the passage of time except for the motives which almost remain the same that is the lust of woman, money and land. The objective of this study is to determine the pattern of homicide in Muzaffarabad AJK. Prospective study. This study was conducted at combined Military Hospital [CMH] Muzaffarabd [AJK] during the period 1[st] Jan 2010 to 31[st] December 2011. Thirty cases of homicide presented for autopsy was selected on basis of police inquest and autopsy findings. These causes were examined regarding age, Sex, type of weapon used, part of body involved along with seasonal variations. The Homicide rate in Muzaffarabad during the years 2010 and 2011 is 2.748/100, 000 per year Males are the primary targets with 30% between 30-39 years of age. The most common weapons for this offence are the Blunt weapons. The Homicide rate is high with the use of Blunt weapons followed by firearms

Classification of suprascapular notch according to anatomical measurements in human scapulae

The objective of this study was to measure the maximum superior and inferior lengths of the suprascapular notch with the help of a Vernier caliper and to classify the notches accordingly into four types. This is an observational study, conducted from January to December 2009 at Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi. Two hundred and fifty dried human scapulae were procured and measured irrespective of age, gender, race and sidedness. The maximum superior length as compared to inferior length was the highest i.e. 68% [type -III]; percentage of notches with equal superior and inferior length was 14% [type-II] absence of notch was noted in 10% of scapulae [type-1] and notches with greater maximum superior length as compared to interior length was 8% [type-IV]. Suprascapular nerve entrapment may be associated with a specific type of suprascapular notch

Histological features of ligamentum venosum at different ages

To study the histological features of ligamentum venosum at different ages. An observational study. The study was conducted in Anatomy department at Islamic International Medical College Rawalpindi from June 2008 to June 2009. The study was based on 6 post- mortem specimens. The livers were dissected from cadavers at ages 5, 35, and 65 years. The ligamentum venosum was dissected and fixed in 10% formalin solution for 24 hours. After fixation and processing, the slides were stained with haematoxylin and Eosin stain. At the age of five years the lumen was completely obliterated towards the portal extremity whereas it was patent near the caval extremity. At the age of 35 years the lumen was patent; the ligamentum venosum had got an intima without an endothelium. At the age of 65 years the lumen was patent; the ligamentum venosum had gotanintima without an end othe lium. The study concludes that ligamentum venosum shows different histological features at different ages. The presence of internal elastic lamina at the age of sixty five years is a unique feature of this study