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1.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-219361

ABSTRACT

Aims: Poor air quality can compromise the health and recovery of patients and even compromise the quality of life and productivity of health professionals, affecting the speed of recovery of patients and allowing the occurrence of nosocomial infections. The present work evaluated the microbiological quality of ambient air in Basic Health Units (BHU), determining the degree of microbiological safety for the population served. Study Design: This study was conducted with triplicate evaluation of samples of ambient air. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the city of Janu醨ia, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, between March 2016 and July 2016. Methodology: Environmental air samples were collected in five BHU in the urban area of the city, evaluating the contamination by aerophilic mesophilic microorganisms, enterobacteria, molds and yeasts, using the simple sedimentation technique in a Petri dish. Results: It was verified the presence of mesophilic aerobic bacteria and molds and yeasts in amounts higher than the recommendation used as a parameter for this study, indicating that the hygienic-sanitary conditions in the evaluated BHU are not adequate. Conclusion: The presence of Enterobacteriaceae in some evaluated sites suggests the possibility of the presence of pathogenic microorganisms, which may pose risks to the health of the population.

2.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 73(3): 742-746, May-June 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1278357

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se neste estudo relatar a frequência e a identidade de patógenos transmitidos por carrapatos em cães residentes de uma área caracterizada por brejo de alta altitude. Amostras sanguíneas (n=203) foram coletadas e molecularmente analisadas via PCR (Babesia spp., Hepatozoon spp., Anaplasma spp. e Ehrlichia spp.) e sequenciamento de DNA. De todas as amostras analisadas, 8,87% (18/203) foram positivas a algum patógeno transmitido por carrapato. Especificamente, 5,42% (11/203) e 3,45% (7/203) foram positivos a Anaplasma platys e Ehrlichia canis, respectivamente. Este estudo fornece, pela primeira vez, evidência científica de infecção de cães por esses patógenos nessa área de alta altitude e reforça o provável papel de R. sanguineus s.l. como vetor de A. platys, principalmente considerando.se que muitos animais positivos eram infestados por essa espécie de carrapato.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Ehrlichiosis/epidemiology , Ehrlichia canis/isolation & purification , Anaplasma/isolation & purification , Anaplasmosis/epidemiology , Brazil , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Sequence Analysis, DNA/veterinary , Wetlands , Altitude
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(4): 1258-1262, July-Aug. 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1131512

ABSTRACT

Este estudo objetivou descrever o aspecto hematológico de seis onças-pardas (Puma concolor) infectadas pelo Cytauxzoon felis. Os seis casos de infecção foram identificados durante o manejo sanitário de 11 animais de um centro de reabilitação de animais silvestres. Estruturas compatíveis com piroplasmídeos foram observadas durante a avaliação do esfregaço sanguíneo e confirmadas como Cytauxzoon felis pela técnica de PCR. A análise estatística demonstrou diferença significativa (P<0,05) no número absoluto dos linfócitos entre os grupos dos animais infectados e não infectados. Assim, expressivas alterações hematológicas e bioquímicas entre os grupos investigados alertam para a dificuldade de identificação de onças-pardas infectadas por C. felis, apoiada apenas em exames de rotina, bem como para o risco, sobretudo, da reintrodução desses animais na natureza.(AU)


This Cytauxzoon felis by the PCR technique. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference is study aimed to describe the hematological appearance of six puma (puma concolor) infected with cytauxzoon felis. The six cases of infection were identified during the sanitary management of 11 animals from a wild animal rehabilitation center. Piroplasmid compatible structures were observed during the blood smear evaluation and confirmed as (P<0.05) in the absolute number of lymphocytes between the groups of infected and uninfected animals. Thus expressive hematological and biochemical alterations between the groups investigated alert to the difficulty of identifying infected brown jaguars by C. felis, supported only by routine examinations, and the risk especially when aiming at the reintroduction of these animals in the wild.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Plasmids , Lymphocytes/chemistry , Puma/blood , Hematologic Tests/veterinary , Brazil , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Animals, Wild/blood
4.
Acta ortop. mex ; 34(2): 134-138, mar.-abr. 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1345102

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Introduction: Anterolateral transpsoas approach is considered as safe access to the retroperitoneum with low risk of complications. The most frequent described complications due to this approach were nerve, bowel, urethral and kidney injury. An incisional hernia is a rare complication in anterolateral approach, as a result of a nonhealing surgical wound or late disruption of the fascia; it occurs in 1% of the incisions after primary closure. Case description: We report a 75-year-old woman who underwent spinal surgery with a double approach, consisting of an anterolateral transpsoas approach and posterior lumbar approach. Two months post-surgery, the patient developed a lateral abdominal tumor at the surgical site. Conclusion: To prevent incisional hernia, a meticulous dissection must be performed to avoid muscle denervation and weakening of the abdominal wall, as well as proper repair of the fascia its critical to ensure an adequate closure of the wound.


Resumen: Introducción: El Abordaje anterolateral transpsoas se considera como un acceso seguro al retroperitoneo con bajo riesgo de complicaciones. Las complicaciones descritas más frecuentes debido a este abordaje fueron lesiones nerviosas, intestinales, uretrales y renales. Una hernia incisional es una complicación poco frecuente en el abordaje anterolateral, como resultado de una herida quirúrgica no cicatrizada o una ruptura tardía de la fascia; ocurre en 1% de las incisiones después del cierre primario. Caso clínico: Informamos de una mujer de 75 años que se sometió a una cirugía de columna vertebral con un doble abordaje quirúrgico, que consiste en un abordaje anterolateral transpsoas y un abordaje lumbar posterior. Dos meses después de la cirugía, el paciente desarrolló un tumor abdominal lateral en el sitio quirúrgico. Conclusión: Para prevenir la hernia incisional, se debe realizar una disección meticulosa para evitar la denervación muscular y el debilitamiento de la pared abdominal, así como la correcta reparación de la fascia es crítico para asegurar un cierre adecuado de la herida.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Incisional Hernia/surgery , Incisional Hernia/etiology , Postoperative Complications/etiology
5.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(2): 312-316, Mar./Apr. 2020. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1128168

ABSTRACT

Cercopithifilaria bainae is a nematode belonging to the family Onchocercidae that parasitizes the subcutaneous tissue of dogs. Its transmission occurs through the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus and its geographical distribution overlaps that of this vector. The present study reports the detection of microfilaremia by C. bainae in an eight-year-old male dog that presented anorexia, hyperthermia, motor incoordination, mydriasis, a nodule in the left testicle and concomitant infection by Ehrlichia sp. Blood samples were analyzed using microscopy, PCR and DNA sequencing. Microfilariae measuring 150±5.5µm in length and 7±1.8µm in width were retrieved. The DNA sequence exhibited 98% identity with C. bainae sequences available in Genbank. This is the first report of microfilaremia by C. bainae in a dog in the central western region of Brazil.(AU)


Cercopithifilaria bainae é um nematoide pertencente à família Onchocercidae, que parasita o tecido subcutâneo de cães. Sua transmissão ocorre pelo carrapato Rhipicephalus sanguineus, e sua distribuição geográfica se sobrepõe ao espalhamento desse vetor. O presente estudo relata a detecção de microfilaremia por C. bainae em um cão macho de oito anos que apresentava anorexia, hipertermia, incoordenação motora, midríase e nódulo no testículo esquerdo e infecção concomitante por Ehrlichia sp. A coleta de sangue foi realizada, e o material analisado por meio dos exames de microscopia, PCR e sequenciamento de DNA. Microfilárias medindo 150±5,5µm de comprimento e 7±1,8µm de largura foram recuperadas. A sequência de DNA obtida mostrou 98% de identidade com sequências de C. bainae disponíveis no Genbank. Este é o primeiro relato de microfilaremia de C. bainae em um cão na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Dogs , Onchocerca , Subcutaneous Tissue/parasitology , Microfilariae , Nematoda , Brazil , Base Sequence , Anorexia , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Disease Transmission, Infectious
6.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 71(6): 1929-1933, Nov.-Dec. 2019. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1055136

ABSTRACT

Chromobacterium violaceum is a rare opportunistic pathogen that causes highly fatal infections in domestic animals and humans. This report describes a fatal case suggestive of septicemia in a four-day-old female calf with chromobacteriosis. The calf had suppurative omphalophlebitis, suppurative fibrinous polyarthritis, anterior uveitis with bilateral fibrin deposition, fibrinous peritonitis, lymph node abscess and multifocal lymphocytic and neutrophilic encephalitis with multifocal hemorrhages. C. violaceum was isolated from the spleen and peri-renal lymph node and its identity was confirmed by PCR and sequencing. The pathogen was sensitive to azithromycin, gentamicin, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, marbofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, sulphazotrim, fluorfenicol, tetracycline and doxycycline as well as resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, vancomycin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, cephalothin, cephalexin, oxacillin, B polymyxin, neomycin and bacitracin. This is the first report of chromobacteriosis in a calf from Brazil.(AU)


Chromobacterium violaceum é um patógeno oportunista raro, que causa infecção fatal em animais domésticos e em humanos. Este relato descreve um caso fatal suspeito de septicemia em um bezerro de quatro dias, fêmea, infectado por C. violaceum. O bezerro apresentava onfaloflebite supurativa, poliartrite supurativa fibrinosa, uveíte anterior com deposição bilateral de fibrina, peritonite fibrinosa, abscesso de linfonodos e encefalite multifocal linfocítica e neutrofílica com áreas hemorrágicas multifocais. C. violaceum foi isolado no baço e no linfonodo, e sua identidade foi confirmada por PCR e sequenciamento. O patógeno foi sensível aos antibióticos azitromicina, gentamicina, enrofloxacina, norfloxacina, marbofloxacina, ciprofloxacina, eritromicina, sulfazotrim, florfenicol, tetraciclina, doxiciclina e foi resistente à penicilina, ampicilina, vancomicina, amoxicilina, amoxicilina + ácido clavulânico, cefalotina, cefalexina, oxacilina, polimixina B, neomicina e bacitracina. Este é o primeiro relato de cromobacteriose em bezerro no Brasil.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Arthritis/veterinary , Uveitis/veterinary , Chromobacterium/isolation & purification , Sepsis/veterinary , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
7.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 71(6): 1940-1943, Nov.-Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1055146

ABSTRACT

Ehrlichia infections in cattle are frequent in Africa but have also been reported in Brazil and North America. This paper reports natural infection by Ehrlichia sp. associated with Babesia bigemina and Anaplasma marginale in a calf in the municipality of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, presenting polioencephalomalacia. The molecular evidence, based on a fragment of the dsb gene, indicates a species of Ehrlichia genetically related to Ehrlichia canis and other species of the genus found in the tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus and a calf from Brazil (99 to 100% identity). It was not possible to associate the clinical signs with Ehrlichia infection due to co-infections and histological evidence of another disease. However, the circulation of the bacteria in bovines in Brazilian Cerrado was confirmed and more attention should be given to clinical suspicion of tick-borne pathogens in cattle to clarify the pathogenic potential of Ehrlichia sp.(AU)


Infecções por Ehrlichia em bovinos são frequentes na África, mas também foram relatadas no Brasil e na América do Norte. Este artigo relata uma infecção natural por Ehrlichia sp. associado a Babesia bigemina e Anaplasma marginale em um bezerro, no município de Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil, o qual apresentava polioencefalomalácia. A evidência molecular, baseada em um fragmento do gene dsb, indica uma espécie de Ehrlichia geneticamente relacionada a Ehrlichia canis e outras espécies do gênero encontradas no carrapato Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus e em um bezerro do Brasil (99 a 100% de identidade). Não foi possível associar os sinais clínicos à infecção por Ehrlichia devido a coinfecções e evidências histológicas de outra doença. No entanto, a circulação da bactéria em bovinos no Cerrado brasileiro foi confirmada, e mais atenção deve ser dada à suspeita clínica de patógenos transmitidos por carrapatos em bovinos para esclarecer o potencial patogênico de Ehrlichia sp.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Ehrlichiosis/diagnosis , Ehrlichiosis/veterinary , Ehrlichia/isolation & purification , Neurologic Manifestations , Tick-Borne Diseases/veterinary
8.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 51(2): e6657, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-889026

ABSTRACT

Surfactants are amphipathic compounds containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups, capable to lower the surface or interfacial tension. Considering the advantages of the use of biosurfactants produced by microorganisms, the aim of this paper was to develop and characterize a biosurfactant produced by Streptomyces sp. DPUA1559 isolated from lichens of the Amazon region. The microorganism was cultured in a mineral medium containing 1% residual frying soybean oil as the carbon source. The kinetics of biosurfactant production was accompanied by reducing the surface tension of the culture medium from 60 to values around 27.14 mN/m, and by the emulsification index, which showed the efficiency of the biosurfactant as an emulsifier of hydrophobic compounds. The yield of the isolated biosurfactant was 1.74 g/L, in addition to the excellent capability of reducing the surface tension (25.34 mN/m), as observed from the central composite rotational design when the biosurfactant was produced at pH 8.5 at 28°C. The critical micelle concentration of the biosurfactant was determined as 0.01 g/mL. The biosurfactant showed thermal and pH stability regarding the surface tension reduction, and tolerance under high salt concentrations. The isolated biosurfactant showed no toxicity to the micro-crustacean Artemia salina, and to the seeds of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.). The biochemistry characterization of the biosurfactant showed a single protein band, an acid character and a molecular weight around 14.3 kDa, suggesting its glycoproteic nature. The results are promising for the industrial application of this new biosurfactant.


Subject(s)
Streptomyces/metabolism , Surface-Active Agents/metabolism , Lichens/microbiology , Reference Values , Seeds/drug effects , Temperature , Time Factors , Soybean Oil/chemistry , Colony Count, Microbial , Analysis of Variance , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Culture Media , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Fermentation , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
9.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 45(supl.1): 21-31, 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-899864

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Las legumbres juegan un rol fundamental en la agricultura moderna; su inclusión en los sistemas agrícolas permite hacer un uso más sostenible de los recursos, ya que mejoran la fertilidad de los suelos, reducen la dependencia a los fertilizantes químicos al fijar el nitrógeno del aire, favorecen la rotación de cultivos tradicionales, principalmente cereales, y mejoran el tenor proteico de los cultivos que le suceden en la rotación. En este artículo se entregan aspectos relacionados con la situación agrícola actual de las legumbres en Chile, con datos estadísticos en cuanto a la evolución de la superficie sembrada, rendimiento, importaciones y requerimiento interno. A su vez, se dan a conocer las principales ventajas agronómicas de este grupo de cultivos y los problemas de manejo más importantes que han llevado, a este rubro, a tener la situación actual de desmedro en términos de producción en el país. Finalmente, se presentan una serie de desafíos factibles de llevar a cabo y que podrían revitalizar a este grupo de cultivos tan importantes desde un punto de vista ambiental como alimenticio.


ABSTRACT Legumes play a fundamental role in modern agriculture; their inclusion in the farming system allows a sustainable use of resources. This is due to the fact that legumes improve soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen, thus reducing the need for chemical fertilizer. Likewise, they improve crop rotation, mainly in cereal crops, increasing the protein content of successive crops. In this article, we describe aspects of the current legume situation in Chile with statistical data relative to the trends of sowing area, yield, imports and internal demand. This article also presents the agronomical advantages of using legumes and the main problems associated with crop management that has deteriorated production in this country. Finally, we present possible solutions to reinvigorate production of this crop, which is important from both an environmental and nutrition perspective.


Subject(s)
Humans , Sustainable Agriculture , Crop Production , Fabaceae , Sustainable Agriculture , Nitrogen Fixation
10.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(2): 637-640, mar.-abr. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-910980

ABSTRACT

The maintenance of wild animals in captivity can be a source for transmission of infectious and zoonotic diseases. In February 2016, blue-fronted amazon parrots that were kept at the Centro de Reabilitação de Animais Silvestres (CRAS) of Campo Grande - MS died suddenly. The specimens were sent to the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ) to be necropsied. Anatomopathological exams were performed and organ fragments from all systems were collected for histopathological exams. Liver and spleen fragments were also collected for bacteriological exams. Histopathological exam revealed bacterial aggregates distributed through the organs. Bacteriological exam isolated Salmonella spp. from the fragments of liver and spleen. The confirmation of the genus was made by serum agglutination on slide and by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The genetic sequencing identified the sample as Salmonella Typhimurium.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Amazona/microbiology , Salmonella Infections/microbiology , Salmonella typhimurium/pathogenicity , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
11.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(5): 1362-1368, set.-out. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-946808

ABSTRACT

O objetivo com este estudo foi comparar as técnicas de citologia aspirativa, biópsia e citobloco para identificação e quantificação parasitológica de Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi em medula óssea de cães. Amostras de tecido medular de 26 animais, em diferentes estágios clínico-laboratoriais da doença, foram estudadas obedecendo-se os mesmos critérios de investigação nas técnicas de citologia aspirativa, biópsia e citobloco. O menor número de campos para a confirmação parasitológica foi constatado no esfregaço direto obtido por citologia aspirativa. O estágio clínico-laboratorial não influenciou no número de campos necessários para a primeira visualização do agente em nenhuma das técnicas (p>0,05), e menor intensidade parasitária foi observada nas lâminas de citobloco. As técnicas de citologia aspirativa e biópsia concordaram na estimativa do coeficiente de infectividade no tecido estudado (p<0,05). Apesar de a técnica de citobloco permitir a concentração de células e o melhor reaproveitamento de amostras, não demonstrou ser um método adequado para rápida identificação e quantificação parasitológica na leishmaniose visceral canina. Considerando-se suas vantagens, a citologia aspirativa foi o melhor método para detecção microscópica do parasito e determinação do nível de intensidade parasitária no tecido estudado.(AU)


The aim of the present study was to compare the aspiration cytology, biopsy and cell block techniques for identification and parasitological quantification of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi in dog bone marrow. Bone marrow tissue samples from 26 animals, in different clinical-laboratory stages of the disease, were studied according to the same criteria of investigation in the aspiration cytology, biopsy and cell block techniques. The lowest number of fields for the parasitological confirmation was found in the direct smear obtained by aspiration cytology. The clinical-laboratory stage did not influence the number of fields required for the first visualization of the agent in any of the techniques (p> 0.05) and less parasitic intensity was observed in the cell block slides. The aspiration cytology and biopsy techniques agreed on the estimation of infectivity coefficient in the tissue studied (p< 0.05). Although the cell block technique allows the concentration of cells and better reutilization of samples, it has not been shown to be an adequate method for rapid identification and parasitological quantification in canine visceral leishmaniasis. Considering its advantages, aspiration cytology was the best method for microscopic detection of the parasite and determination of the level of parasite intensity in the tissue studied.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods , Bone Marrow/pathology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/parasitology
12.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(6): 1685-1690, nov.-dez. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-969624

ABSTRACT

São relatados quatro casos de encarceramento de forame epiploico (EFE), entre os casos: três machos e uma fêmea; dois da raça Quarto de Milha, um SRD e um Brasileiro de Hipismo; idade média de 11 anos; altura média de cernelha de 160,5cm; massa corporal média de 465kg. Todos os animais possuíam o hábito de aerofagia. A presença de refluxo enterogástrico e intestino delgado distendido à palpação transretal foi variável na dependência do segmento intestinal aprisionado. À laparotomia exploratória constataram-se: dois casos de aprisionamento jejunoileal; um de jejuno; e o outro de íleo. Todos os animais apresentaram EFE da esquerda para a direita, representando o sentido horário. Apenas o animal que apresentava o íleo aprisionado sobreviveu; os demais foram submetidos à eutanásia no período transoperatório devido à extensa isquemia intestinal e às lesões vasculares decorrentes da manobra de redução. A aerofagia é o fator de risco que apresenta maior correlação positiva com o EFE, fato corroborado pelos casos apresentados. Apesar de ser descrito um bom prognóstico para o EFE na literatura, foi obtido um desfecho ruim entre os casos atendidos, e salienta-se que a extensão da lesão e o sangramento da veia porta no transoperatório contribuíram para esse resultado.(AU)


Four cases of epiploic foramen entrapment (EFE) are reported. Among the cases, three males and one female, two Quarter Horses, one mixed breed and one Brazilian Equestrian, aged between 3 to 20 years, mean 11 years. The average height was 160.5cm and 465kg. All horses had a previous record of crib-biting habit. The presence of enterogastric reflux and small intestine distended loops in transrectal palpation was variable in dependence of the trapped segment. In surgical exploration were identified two cases of jejunum and ileum entrapped, one of the ileum and one of jejunum. All animals showed EFE from left to right. The horse that had trapped the ileum has survived. The others were euthanized due to the extent of injury or rupture of large vessels during surgical reduction. Although there are many notes of possible risk factors for EFE occurrence, cribbing is the risk factor that has the highest positive correlation with EFE. This appointment was confirmed by the cases presented. Despite being described a good prognosis for the EFE, a bad outcome was achieved among the cases, and stresses that the extent of the injury and bleeding from the portal vein contributed to this outcome.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Colon/abnormalities , Aerophagy/veterinary , Horses/abnormalities , Laparotomy/veterinary
13.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 69(6): 1503-1507, nov.-dez. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-910429

ABSTRACT

Mutant color alopecia is an ectodermical defection of color dilution, characterized by partial alopecia, dry, shine-less hair, and peeling and papule. Melanization damages also occur on the cortical structure of the affected hair. The animals affected have big melanin grains with irregular shape on the basal keratinocytes, also on the hair matrix cells and rod. Therefore, there is not a specific treatment that makes any difference on the syndrome evolution. Although in some animals, it is possible to use weekly showers with benzyl peroxide to reduce seborrhea formation and secondary infections. There is evidence that the condition in dogs is caused by a single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene encoding the melanophilin protein. In the present study the identification of the SNP c.-22G>A in the melanophilin gene of a Dachshund breed dog with clinical and histopathologic evidence of color dilution alopecia is reported.(AU)


Alopecia por diluição da cor é um defeito ectodérmico caracterizado por alopecia parcial, pelagem seca e sem brilho, escamação e pápulas em áreas com defeitos na melanização e na estrutura cortical dos pelos. Os animais acometidos têm grânulos de melanina grandes e com formato irregular nos ceratinócitos basais, nas células da matriz dos pelos e nas hastes pilosas. Não existe tratamento específico que altere a evolução da síndrome, mas, em alguns animais, podem ser benéficos banhos semanais com xampu de peróxido de benzoíla, para reduzir a formação de seborreia e infecções secundárias. Há evidências de que a condição em cães é causada por uma mutação de ponto no gene que codifica a proteína melanophilina. No presente estudo, é relatada a identificação da mutação SNP c.-22G>A no gene da melanophilina em um cão da raça Dachshund com evidências clínicas e histopatológicas de alopecia por diluição da cor.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Alopecia/genetics , Alopecia/veterinary , Genotyping Techniques/veterinary , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
14.
Acta ortop. mex ; 31(4): 165-170, jul.-ago. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886560

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Introduction: Multiple strategies have been developed looking for upgrading the consolidation rate of spine arthrodesis with autolog bone graft, but no evidence exists that adhesion with Collagen type 1 and polyvinylpyrrolidone (FibroquelMR) have application on this field. Objective: Determine if collagen type 1 + Polyvinylpyrrolidone are effective as bone enhancer in posterolateral arthrodesis on rabbits. Method: Posterolateral arthrodesis in 15 New Zealand rabbits on level L5-L6 using autolog bone graft in left side (control group) and autolog bone graft + 1 ml FibroquelMR (study group) in right side of arthrodesis. Euthanasia and block resection of lumbar segment eight weeks post surgery. Radiographic analysis, manual exploration and light microscopy of fussed segments. Results: Radiographic consolidation was observed in 80% in control group and 95% in study group, interleaved trabecular pattern with bone continuity and normal characteristics in 12 left sides and 14 right sides. Conclusion: Collagen type 1 and polyvinylpyrrolidone use is likely to have positive effect in bone consolidation process, therefore it can be recommended to use it as a bone enhancer.


Resumen: Introducción: Existen diversas estrategias para aumentar la tasa de consolidación de la artrodesis de columna en presencia de injerto óseo autólogo, sin aún comprobar si la adhesión de Colágena tipo I y polivinilpirrolidona (FibroquelMR) tienen aplicaciones en este campo. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de la colágena tipo I con polivinilpirrolidona como potenciador óseo en artrodesis posterolateral de conejos. Métodos: Artrodesis posterolateral en 15 conejos de Nueva Zelanda L5-L6 colocando injerto autólogo del lado izquierdo (Control) e injerto autólogo + 1 ml FibroquelMR (Estudio) en el lado derecho de la artrodesis. Eutanasia con resección en bloque del segmento lumbar a las ocho semanas del postoperatorio. Análisis radiográfico, palpación manual y por microscopia de luz de los segmentos fusionados. Resultados: Se observó consolidación radiográfica en 80% en grupo control y 93% en el estudio, continuidad ósea con patrón trabecular intercalado y hueso de características normales en 12 del lado izquierdo y 14 en el lado derecho. Conclusiones: La utilización de Colágena tipo I y polivinilpirrolidona puede tener efectos positivos en el proceso de consolidación ósea por lo que se puede recomendar su utilización como reforzador óseo.


Subject(s)
Animals , Spinal Fusion/methods , Bone Transplantation , Plasma Substitutes/therapeutic use , Povidone/therapeutic use , Collagen Type I/therapeutic use , Rabbits , Autografts , Lumbar Vertebrae
16.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 85(4): 217-223, mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-892528

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN OBJETIVO: estimar la prevalencia de cambios y alteraciones cervicales en mujeres pertenecientes al Programa de Prevención y Detección Precoz de Cáncer de Cuello del Útero de Castilla y León, e identificar la coexistencia y genotipo más frecuente del VPH. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: estudio cuantitativo, observacional, descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo, efectuado en mujeres de 25 a 64 años de edad que participaron en las pruebas de cribado de 2012 a 2014. Los resultados de la citología cervical convencional se interpretaron de acuerdo con la clasificación Bethesda 2001. La detección y genotipificación del VPH se realizó con PCR. Las variables cualitativas se describen mediante frecuencias absolutas y relativas (porcentajes) de sus categorías, con IC95% . Para estudiar la asociación entre variables cualitativas se utilizó la prueba de χ2. Se consideró estadísticamente significativo el valor de p≤0.05. RESULTADOS: se analizaron 190,203 muestras de frotis de cuello uterino. El 66.4% de las muestras citológicas no mostró lesiones ni alteraciones morfológicas. De las muestras citológicas con alteraciones se identificaron 7,083 con metaplasia, 2,844 con células escamosas atípicas (1.5%), 855 con lesiones de bajo grado (0.4%), 255 con lesiones de alto grado (0.13%) y 198 con lesiones cancerosas (0.1%). Las lesiones intraepiteliales de bajo y alto grado, además de los carcinomas, fueron más frecuentes en las muestras positivas a VPH (p<0.001). En relación con la atrofia vaginal de mujeres perimenopáusicas, los genotipos más frecuentes fueron el VPH-53 (0.7%), VPH-31 (0.6%) y VPH-58 (0.5%). En pacientes con lesiones intraepiteliales el genotipo más frecuente fue el VPH-16. CONCLUSIONES: la prevalencia del VPH suele ser más alta conforme aumenta la severidad de la lesión citológica detectada. El genotipo aislado con mayor frecuencia en lesiones intraepiteliales de alto o bajo grado es el VPH-16.


ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of cervical changes and alterations in women belonging to the Program for the Prevention and Early Detection of Cervical Cancer of Castilla y León, and to identify the most frequent presence and genotype of Human Papilloma Virus (HVP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A quantitative, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study of women aged 25-64 years who participated in screening tests during 2012 and 2014. The results of conventional cervical cytology were interpreted according with the Bethesda 2001 classification. The detection and genotyping of HPV was performed across PCR. Qualitative variables are described by absolute and relative frequencies (percentages) of their categories, with a 95% confidence interval (CI 95%). To study the association between qualitative variables, the χ2 test was used. The value of p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: 190,203 samples of cervical smears were analyzed during the period. 66.4% of the cytological samples showed no lesions or morphological alterations. Of the cytological samples with alterations we identified 7,083 with metaplasia, 2,844 with atypical squamous cells (1.5%), 855 with low grade lesions (0.4%), 255 with high grade lesions (0.13%) and 198 with cancerous lesions%). Low- and high-grade intraepithelial lesions, in addition to carcinomas, were more frequent in HPV positive samples (p <0.001). To the vaginal atrophy of perimenopausal women we detected HPV-53 (0.7%), HPV-31 (0.6%) and HPV-58 (0.5%) genotypes. In patients with intraepithelial lesions the most frequent genotype was HPV-16. CONCLUSIONS: the prevalence of HPV is usually higher according to the severity of the cytological lesion detected. The most frequently isolated genotype in high-grade low-grade intraepithelial lesions is HPV-16.

17.
Orinoquia ; 20(2)dic. 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534944

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la curva de crecimiento en una población de ovinos criollos en condiciones de pastoreo extensivo, utilizando el modelo Brody. Se utilizaron 448 pesajes de 59 animales nacidos entre los meses de agosto y septiembre del año 2012, pertenecientes al aprisco Altamar S.A, en el municipio de Buenavista, Córdoba (Colombia). Los estimados del modelo se obtuvieron mediante el procedimiento NLIN de SAS, considerando los efectos fijo de número de partos de la madre y número de crías por parto. Se encontró que el estimado para ß0 fue de 58.47 ± 7.8, para ß1 de 0.98 ± 0.03 y para ß2 de 0.0054 ± 0.003. No se encontró efecto significativo (P>0.05) del número de partos sobre ß0, ß1, y ß2. Se encontró efecto significativo (P≤0.05) del número de crías por parto sobre ß0 y ß1. El porcentaje de madurez estimada a los cuatro y siete meses fue 46.6 ± 4.6 y 66.1 ± 4.5%, respectivamente. La edad al 75% de madurez fue de 274 ± 84 días y al 95% de madurez de 596 ± 202 días. Los resultados de este estudio permiten concluir que los valores estimados para porcentaje de madurez y edad a la madurez en la población ovina fueron bajos, por lo que se debería implementar un programa de selección y mejorar el manejo zootécnico de los animales, con el fin que estos logren una madurez en el menor tiempo posible.


This study was aimed at using the Brody model for determining the growth curve for a creole sheep population kept on extensive grazing. The data came from weighing 59 animals (448 readings) born between August and September 2012 which were kept on Altamar SA's sheep-farm in Buenavista in the Córdoba Department in Colombia. Statistical Analysis System's (SAS) univariate nonlinear (NLIN) regression mode was used for obtaining the estimates, considering the fixed effects of the mothers' amount of births and the amount of lambs per birth. ß0 was estimated as being 58.47 ± 7.8, ß1 0.98 ± 0.03 and ß2 0.0054 ± 0.003. No significant effect was found on ß0, ß1 and/or ß2 (p>0.05) regarding the amount of births. A significant effect (p≤0.05) on ß0 and ß1 was found regarding the amount of lambs per birth. Percentage maturity estimated at four months was 46.6 ± 4.6 and 66.1 ± 4.5% at seven months. Estimated age at 75% maturity was 274 ± 84 days and 596 ± 202 days at 95% maturity. It can be concluded from this study's results that the estimated values for percentage maturity and age at maturity in the target sheep population were low; this means that a selection programme should be introduced and the animals' zootechnical management improved to ensure maturity being reached in the shortest time possible.


O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a curva de crescimento de uma população de ovelhas crioulas em condições de pastagem extensiva, utilizando o modelo Brody. Foram utilizados 448 pesando dados de 59 animais nascidos entre os meses de agosto e setembro de 2012, pertencentes ao rebanho Altamar SA, na cidade de Buenavista, Córdoba (Colômbia). As estimativas do modelo foram obtidos usando o procedimento SAS NLIN, considerando os efeitos fixos de número de partos da mãe e número de cordeiros por parto. As estimativas foram 58.47 ± 7.8 para ß0, 0.98 ± 0.03 para ß1 e 0.0054 ± 0.003 para ß2. Nenhum efeito significativo (P>0.05) no número de partos sobre ß0, ß1 e ß2. Houve efeito significativo (P≤0.05) no número de cordeiros por parto em ß0 e ß1. A percentagem de maturidade estimada em quatro e sete meses, foi de 46.6 ± 46 e 66.1 ± 4.5%, respectivamente. Idade de 75% de maturidade foi de 274 ± 84 dias e em 95% o vencimento de 596 ± 202 dias. Os resultados deste estudo, portanto, levaram à conclusão de que os valores estimados para percentual de maturidade e idade de maturação em ovinos foram baixos, por isso deve implementar uma selecção programa e melhorar o tratamento zootécnico de animais, a fim de eles atingem a maturidade no menor tempo possível.

18.
Enferm. univ ; 13(1): 12-24, Jan.-Mar. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-828725

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analizar la experiencia de vivir con preeclampsia en el contexto de la vida cotidiana de un grupo de mujeres del Estado de México que asisten al Hospital General de Chimalhuacán. Método: Investigación cualitativa de abordaje fenomenológico, hermenéutico con enfoque teórico de Alfred Schütz. La muestra fue definida por medio del criterio de saturación teórica. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de una entrevista semiestructurada y analizados con el método de van Manen. Seis criterios de rigor científico se utilizaron: Credibilidad, transferibilidad, consistencia, confirmabilidad, relevancia y adecuación teórico epistemológica. Resultados: Emergieron 5 categorías: 1) significado de la preeclampsia en la vida cotidiana; 2) experiencia de la dimensión física y emocional de vivir con preeclampsia; 3) interpretación del autocuidado en la vida cotidiana de la mujer con preeclampsia; 4) redes de apoyo que ayudan a sobrevivir la experiencia de tener preeclampsia; y 5) significado de los servicios de salud. Conclusiones: La preeclampsia es una enfermedad del embarazo de origen multifactorial y una de las principales causas de muerte materna en México, con impacto significativo en los servicios de salud. Se demuestra que en las mujeres con preeclampsia se potencializa su vulnerabilidad y riesgo de morir, al vivir en crisis, pues se ve trastocada y alterada su vida cotidiana, no solo en los aspectos biológicos al sentir malestares físicos y corporales, sino también en la parte emocional. Se observó la capacidad de auto-eco-socio-organización para equilibrar su entorno y vida cotidiana. Se ratificó que las redes de apoyo familiar y social son dadoras de bienestar e indispensables para fortalecer el cuidado.


Objective: To analyze the experience of living with pre-eclampsia among women at the State of Mexico who are attended at the General Hospital of Chimalhuacan. Method: This is a qualitative research with a phenomenological and hermeneutic approach with the theoretical focus of Alfred Schütz. The sample was defined using the criteria of theoretical saturation. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview and analyzed using the Van Manen method. Six scientific rigor criteria were used: credibility, transferability, consistency, confirmability, relevance, and theoretical and epistemological adequacy. Results: Five categories emerged: 1) meaning of pre-eclampsy in daily life, 2) physical and emotional experience of living with pre-eclampsy, 3) interpretation of self-care in the daily life of women with pre-eclampsy, 4) supporting networks which help women survive the experience of having pre-eclampsy, and 5) meaning of the Health Services. Conclusions: Pre-eclampsy, a multi-factorial pregnancy illness with a high impact on Health Services, is one of the main causes of maternal deaths in Mexico. Because of their living in constant crisis, women with pre-eclampsy have higher vulnerability and risk of death, and their lives are affected both physically and emotionally. Here, it was ratified that supporting networks are critical to address this problem and strengthen these women's capacity to achieve a balance in their environment and daily life.


Objetivo: Analisar a experiência de viver com pré-eclâmpsia no contexto da vida cotidiana de um grupo de mulheres do Estado do México que assistem ao Hospital General de Chimalhuacán. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa de abordagem fenomenológica, hermenêutica com enfoque teórico de Alfred Schütz. A amostra foi definida utilizando o critério de saturação teórica. Os dados foram coletados a través de uma entrevista semiestruturada e analisados com o método de Van Manen. Seis critérios de rigor científico utilizaram-se: credibilidade, transferibilidade, consistência, confirmação, relevância e adequação teórico epistemológica. Resultados: emergiram 5 categorias: 1) significado da pré-eclâmpsia na vida cotidiana, 2) experiência da dimensão física e emocional de viver com pré-eclâmpsia, 3) interpretação do autocuidado na vida cotidiana da mulher com pré-eclâmpsia, 4) redes de apoio que ajudam a sobreviver a experiência de ter pré-eclâmpsia, e, 5) significado dos serviços de saúde. Conclusões: a pré-eclâmpsia é uma doença de gravidez de origem multifatorial e uma das principais causas de morte materna no México com impacto significativo nos serviços de saúde. Mostra-se que nas mulheres com pré-eclâmpsia potencializa-se sua vulnerabilidade e risco de morrer, no viver em crise, pois vê-se modificada e alterada sua vida cotidiana, não só nos aspectos biológicos ao sentir mal-estares físicos e corporais, senão também na parte emocional. Observou-se a capacidade de auto-eco-sócio-organização para equilibrar o seu entorno e vida cotidiana. Ratificou-se que as redes de apoio familiar e social são dadoras de bem-estar e indispensáveis para fortalecer o cuidado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Pre-Eclampsia
19.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 49(12): e5805, 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828178

ABSTRACT

Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) or spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by expansion of the polyglutamine domain of the ataxin-3 (ATX3) protein. MJD/SCA3 is the most frequent autosomal dominant ataxia in many countries. The mechanism underlying MJD/SCA3 is thought to be mainly related to protein misfolding and aggregation leading to neuronal dysfunction followed by cell death. Currently, there are no effective treatments for patients with MJD/SCA3. Here, we report on the potential use of lithium carbonate and coenzyme Q10 to reduce cell death caused by the expanded ATX3 in cell culture. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT assay and by flow cytometry after staining with annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide. Treatment with lithium carbonate and coenzyme Q10 led to a significant increase in viability of cells expressing expanded ATX3 (Q84). In addition, we found that the increase in cell viability resulted from a significant reduction in the proportion of apoptotic cells. Furthermore, there was a significant change in the expanded ATX3 monomer/aggregate ratio after lithium carbonate and coenzyme Q10 treatment, with an increase in the monomer fraction and decrease in aggregates. The safety and tolerance of both drugs are well established; thus, our results indicate that lithium carbonate and coenzyme Q10 are good candidates for further in vivo therapeutic trials.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ataxin-3/drug effects , Cell Death/drug effects , Lithium Carbonate/pharmacology , Machado-Joseph Disease , Repressor Proteins/drug effects , Ubiquinone/analogs & derivatives , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Machado-Joseph Disease/drug therapy , Ubiquinone/pharmacology
20.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 67(1): 41-48, 2/2015. tab, fig
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-741119

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se caracterizar para a espécie canina o desenvolvimento histológico uterino do nascimento aos seis meses de idade. Foram analisados úteros (n=32) de animais com idades entre um e 180 dias pós-nascimento (DPN), distribuídos em oito grupos: G1-1 DPN (1 Yorkshire Terrier, 1 Poodle, 2 Sem Raça Definida (SRD)/peso médio (Pm)=190g), G2-15 DPN (2 Yorkshire Terrier e 2 SRD/Pm=354g), G3-30 DPN (1 Rottweiler, 1 Poodle, 2 SRD/Pm=985g), G4-45 DPN (1 Poodle, 3 SRD/Pm=1,1kg), G5-60 DPN (1 Yorkshire Terrier, 1 Poodle e 2 SRD/Pm=1,4kg), G6-90 DPN (4 SRD/Pm=2,8kg), G7-120 DPN (1 Poodle e 3 SRD/Pm=6,6kg) e G8-180 DPN (1 Rottweiler, 1 Poodle e 2 SRD/Pm=11kg). A análise histológica constituiu de mensurações das espessuras (µm) da parede uterina, miométrio, endométrio, assim como diâmetro (µm) e número de glândulas endometriais. A análise estatística demonstrou estabilidade e homogeneidade nas estruturas avaliadas com coeficientes de variação baixos (<10%). Observou-se: útero com um DPN: epitélio com células cúbicas simples, miométrio rudimentar, presença de perimétrio e ausência de glândulas endometriais; aos 15 DPN: desenvolvimento de estrutura primordial de formação das glândulas endometriais; dos 30 aos 45 DPN: endométrio e glândulas endometriais simples; aos 60 DPN: glândulas endometriais em lâmina própria com ramificações e discreto pregueamento endometrial; de 90 a 180 DPN: todas as estruturas uterinas apresentaram histoarquitetura de um animal maduro. Todas as variáveis analisadas apresentaram correlação positiva com a idade pós-nascimento (R2≥72,2%). Conclui-se que o útero da cadela desenvolve-se continuamente do nascimento à 180 dias de vida e que apresenta-se desprovido de glândulas endometriais ao nascimento. As primeiras glândulas endometriais são observadas aos 15 dias de vida e apresenta conformação histológica de um animal adulto após 60 dias do nascimento.


This study aimed to characterize canine species' uterine histological development from birth to six months of age. Uteri (n = 32) of animals aged between one and 180 days postnatal (PND), distributed into eight groups were analyzed: G1-1 PND (1 Yorkshire Terrier, Poodle 1, 2 Mixed Breed (MB)/Medium weight (Mw) = 190g), G2-15 PND (2 Yorkshire Terrier and 2 MB/Mw = 354g), G3-30 PND (1 Rottweiler, 1 Poodle, 2 MB/Mw = 985g), G4-45 PND (1 Poodle, 3 MB/Mw = 1.1kg), G5-60 PND (1 Yorkshire Terrier, Poodle 1 and 2 MB/Mw = 1.4kg), G6-90 PND (4 MB/Mw = 2.8kg), G7-120 PND (1 Poodle and 3 MB/Mw = 6.6kg) and G8-180 PND (1 Rottweiler, Poodle 1 and 2 MB/Mw = 11kg). Histological examination consisted of thickness measurement (µm) of the uterine wall, myometrium, endometrium, as well as diameter (µm) and number of endometrial glands. Statistical analysis showed stability and uniformity in the evaluated structures with low coefficients of variation (<10%). We observed: uterus with one PND: simple cubic epithelium cells, rudimentary myometrium, perimetrium presence and absence of endometrial glands; at 15 PND: development of primordial structure formation of endometrial glands; from 30 to 45 PND: simple endometrium and endometrial glands; PND 60: endometrial glands in the lamina propria with branches and discreet endometrial pleating; 90-180 PND: uterine all structures presented histoarchitecture of a mature animal. All variables were positively correlated with postnatal age (R2 ≥ 72.2%). It is concluded that the uterus of the bitch continuously evolves from birth to 180 days old and is presented devoid of endometrial glands at birth. The first endometrial glands are observed at 15 days of life and present histological conformation to an adult 60 days after birth.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Infant, Newborn , Dogs , Uterus/anatomy & histology , Uterus/growth & development
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