Morphometric analysis and sexual dimorphism of hyoid bone in telangana population

Introduction: Determination of sex is of crucial importance in forensic investigations, when only a part of thebody or skeletal remains are available. The present study focussed on the sexual dimorphism of hyoid bone inTelangana population by using morphometric analysis.Materials and methods: The present study was carried out on a total of 60 hyoid bones in which 30 were of maleand 30 were of female individuals. The bones were obtained from the department of Anatomy, Osmania MedicalCollege and Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad. Damaged and deformed bones were excluded, andonly fully intact bones were included in the study. Lengths of greater horns, lengths of lesser horns, total hyoidlength, and distance between distal ends of right and left greater horns, width of the body, length of the body andthe thickness of the body of hyoid bone were measured by using sliding calipers.Results: All parameters showed significant difference between the male and female groups. The measurements ofall the parameters were significantly higher in males than in females.Conclusion: All parameters used in the present study confirmed sexual dimorphism in hyoid bone. Hence, hyoidbone can be considered in forensic investigations or anthropological studies to determine the sex of an individual.

Horseshoe kidney: a review article.

Horseshoe kidney is a rare non-fatal congenital malformation of renal development. It usually remains asymptomatic and in many cases it is discovered incidentally. This anomaly is found twice as often in men than in women. The present report, horseshoe kidney was discovered in 62-year-old male cadaver during routine dissection. The inferior poles of the kidneys were fused to form a parenchymatous isthmus, resulting in a horseshoe kidney. The horseshoe kidney was located anterior to the abdominal aorta and the inferior vena cava at a level lower than the normal kidney. Both renal hila were directed anteriorly and the ureters which drained from each renal pelvis descended anterior to the isthmus to enter the urinary bladder normally. There were 3 renal arteries, 1 on the right and 2 on the left. The inferior vena cava was behind the isthmus and the lower pole of the right kidney. Two renal veins opened independently into the inferior vena cava. It is important to be aware of this renal anomaly in clinical practice, especially during renal surgeries, renal transplants, or surgical and endovascular procedures on the aorta.