ABSTRACT
Background: Lung cancer is most frequently diagnosed major cancer in the world and the most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. It comprises about 17% of the total new cancer cases in males and 23% of the total cancer deaths. The objectives of this study were to compare bronchial biopsy, BAL and TBNA in diagnosing lung malignancies and IHC wherever required.Methods: The study was conducted at Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar, India in the department of Pathology. It was a prospective study over a period of 1½ years from June 2015 to December 2016. All patients clinically/ radiologically suspected of lung malignancies who presented between June 2015 to December 2016 and underwent bronchial biopsy, BAL (washings) and TBNA were included in the study. The study included only those cases where BAL, TBNA and bronchial biopsy were done simultaneously.Results: Out of a total 117 clinically suspected cases of lung cancer, tumor was found in 103 cases (103/117) by biopsy, 51 cases by BAL (51/117) and 64 cases by TBNA (64/117). The total number of false positive cases and false negative cases by BAL were 6 and 58. Sensitivity of BAL was found to be 43.69% and specificity 57.14%. The total number of false positive cases and false negative cases by TBNA were 7 and 46. Sensitivity and specificity of TBNA was found to be 55.34% and 50.0%.Conclusions: Thus, in the present study yield of diagnosis was highest with the bronchoscopic biopsies and in maximum number of cases with a sensitivity of 88.034%, and specific histologic diagnosis was made by biopsies and IHC only. Though BAL and TBNA were inferior to bronchial biopsy in diagnosing lung malignancies but these were effective for peripheral lung malignancies and when the patient was at risk of haemorrhage.
ABSTRACT
Background: Spindle cell lesions of gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) are relatively uncommon tumours compared to epithelial tumours. The anatomic location of spindle cell tumour is important, whether the tumour is located in mucosa, submucosa or muscularis propria.Methods: Authors endeavoured to study the histopathological spectrum of spindle cell lesions for a period of one year from January 2018 to December 2018 in our hospital.Results: This was a prospective study of 1 year starting from January 2018 to December 2018. A total of 30 cases of spindle cell lesions of gastrointestinal tract were seen. Out of 30 cases 23 were gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST), 2 cases were schwannomas, 2 cases were of leiomyomas, 1 case was fibromatosis, 1 case was inflammatory fibroid polyp, and one case was inflammatory myofibroblast tumour.Conclusion: GISTs are the commonest spindle cell tumours of GIT. Besides GIST, there are other spindle cell tumours which range from benign to malignant, and need to be differentiated from GIST for proper management
ABSTRACT
Background: Aim of current study was to study the histopathological spectrum of neoplastic lesions of large intestine and histopathological pattern of colorectal carcinoma in young adults. Methods: We took a combined retrospective & prospective study in the department of pathology. The specimens were collected from subjects diagnosed as colorectal carcinomas in histopathology department and clinical details were sought from the medical records. Variables like age, sex, dietary habit, relevant history, tumor size, location, type of lesion, histological pattern of patients were checked. Results: In the series of 446 patients of colorectal neoplasm, maximum number of patients presented in 4th to 6th decade of life (47.30%), while as (15.46%) were between 20-40 years. The youngest patient with an adenocarcinoma was 18 years (male) of age and the oldest one was 80 years (male) of age. Average age of patients was 50.50 years. The male to female ratio was 1.3:1. The study revealed that the carcinoma of ascending colon was much more prevalent, constituting 107 (40.07%) cases. The proportion of well differentiated carcinoma was highest in left side colon and rectum. The incidence of moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated carcinoma was greater on right side colon. Conclusion: Adenocarcinoma is the most common histological variant of colon carcinomas.