ABSTRACT
A prospective randomized study was conducted at an infectious disease hospital in Thailand. Ceftibuten was compared with norfloxacin, both given orally for five days for treatment of acute gastroenteritis in children. One hundred and seventy cases were included in the study. Eighty-eight cases were treated with ceftibuten and eighty-two cases with norfloxacin. The baseline characteristics of the patients in both treatment groups were similar. The results showed that mean durations of diarrhea in the ceftibuten and norfloxacin groups were 2.48 days and 2.29 days, respectively, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). There were Salmonella spp and Shigella spp isolated in both treatment groups and all were susceptible to both antibiotics. The mean durations of Salmonella diarrhea in the ceftibuten and norfloxacin groups were 2.7 and 2.2 days, respectively, while those of Shigella diarrhea were 2.3 days and 2.0 days, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in either comparison (p > 0.05). Neither complications nor clinical relapses were observed after both antibiotics' treatment.
Subject(s)
Acute Disease , Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Cephalosporins/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Diarrhea/drug therapy , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Dysentery, Bacillary/drug therapy , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Norfloxacin/therapeutic use , Prospective Studies , Salmonella Infections/drug therapyABSTRACT
From July 1, 1994 to June 30, 1996, 394 children with Nontyphoidal Salmonella diarrhea were studied at Bamrasnaradura Infectious Disease Hospital in Thailand. The ages ranged from 1 month to 12 years (mean, 1.4 years). Eighty-seven per cent of patients were in the first 2 years of life. Diarrhea, mostly acute with watery stool and fever were the most common presenting symptoms. The duration of diarrhea ranged from 1 to 20 days (mean, 5.2 days). Salmonella group B was the most common serogroup (56.1%). Most isolates were multiresistant strains, however, they were all sensitive to norfloxacin. Four (1%) patients were HIV-infected. Pneumonia found in 2 patients (0.5%) and septicemia in 1 patient (0.3%). None of the patients died. We conclude that nontyphoidal Salmonella diarrhea in children is still endemic in Thailand, especially among infants and high multidrug resistance occurs.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Age Distribution , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Diarrhea/drug therapy , Disease Outbreaks , Drug Resistance, Multiple , Female , Hospitals, Community , Humans , Incidence , Infant , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Risk Factors , Salmonella Infections/drug therapy , Sex Distribution , Thailand/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Diarrhea, mostly chronic diarrhea and weight loss are common in patients with AIDS. Cryptosporidium had been identified as responsible for chronic, debilitating secretory diarrhea in HIV infected patients. We performed a retrospective study of the prevalence, clinical features and laboratory findings of cryptosporidiosis in HIV infected patients (adults and children), in the period of 6 years from January 1988 to December 1993 at Bamrasnaradura Hospital in Nonthaburi, Thailand. In this study, Cryptosporidium was found in 22 (8.8%) by detection in stool specimens of 250 HIV infected patients with diarrhea and was found throughout the year. The prevalence rates of cryptosporidiosis in this study among children and adults were 19% and 7.9%, respectively. The common features were chronic diarrhea (84.6%), mostly watery diarrhea and weight loss/malnutrition (100%). A few fecal leukocytes were found in 15.4%.