Content Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of the Gujarati Version of the Central Sensitization Inventory.

Background: Central sensitization (CS) is a state of heightened sensitivity of the central nervous system to both noxious and non-noxious stimuli. The Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) is a sound screening tool to help clinicians to detect patients with CS. To date, no Gujarati version exists. Objectives: The aim of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the CSI into Gujarati, and to check content validity, face validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, agreement and minimum detectable change (MDC) of CSI-G in chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients. Methods: Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the original English version of the CSI-G was performed according to published guidelines. The content validity was ascertained by 23 healthcare professionals. The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, agreement and MDC was determined on CLBP patients (n=31) with a time interval of 7-days. Results: The content validity and Face validity was found to be excellent. The internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach’s α=0.914) and MDC was found to be 5.092 points. The test-retest reliability showed very high correlation in CLBP patients (ICC = 0.971). Conclusion: The original CSI was translated into Gujarati and did not pose any problems during data acquisition. The CSI-G seems to be reliable instruments to measure CS in Gujarati patients with CLBP. [Bid D NJIRM 2016; 7(5):18-24]

Central Sensitization In Chronic Low Back Pain: A Narrative Review.

Objective: The aim of this narrative review is to examine the available literature related to central sensitization (CS) and altered central pain processing in chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients. Methodology: Literature was searched using many electronic databases. Additionally, reference list of most prominent articles were searched to increase the search accuracy, as much as possible. Studies which are evaluating the concept of CS in conservatively treated CLBP patients were included. Results: Results of studies evaluating the responsiveness to various types of stimuli in CLBP patients are contradictory. Some studies in CLBP patients have showed increased pain responses after sensory stimulation of body parts outside the painful region, when some other studies report no differences between patients and healthy controls. Studies evaluating the integrity of the endogenous pain inhibitory systems describe unchanged activity of this descending inhibitory system. Conversely, studies examining brain structure and function in connection with experimentally induced pain provide initial proof for changed central pain processing in CLBP patients. Also inappropriate beliefs about pain, depression and/or pain catastrophizing, may lead to the development of CS. Conclusion: Most of the literatures suggest that the CNS becomes centrally sensitized in a subgroup of patients with CLBP. However, the significance of this involvement is just starting to become clearer. This could be an active topic of future research. More studies are necessary for providing definite evidence for the clinical importance of CS.

To Know The Effectiveness Of Experimental Protocol Vs Brandt Daroff Exercises On Dizziness In Benign Paroxysomal Positional Vertigo.

Background and Aim: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)1 is considered the most common peripheral vestibular disorder, affecting 64 of every 100,000 Americans. Women are more often affected and symptoms typically appear in the fourth and fifth decades of life. In 1980, Epley proposed that free-floating densities (canaliths) located in the semicircular canals deflect the cupula creating the sensation of vertigo. This is well documented in his Canalithiasis Theory4,5. Although these canaliths are most commonly located in the posterior semicircular canal, the lateral and superior canal may also be involved Patients with BPPV complain of vertigo with change in head position, rolling over, or getting out of bed, and the vertigo is often side specific. Aim of the study is to know persons with vestibular disorders experience symptoms of dizziness and balance dysfunction, resulting in falls, as well as impairments of daily life. Various interventions provided by physical therapists have been shown to decrease dizziness and improve postural control. In the present review, we will focus on the role of physical therapy in the management of BPPV symptoms of dizziness. Methodology: In the procedure Firstly ,patients will divided into two groups Group A and Group B and all the patient were assessed the pretreatment score and post treatment i.e (0 Weeks and 3 week and 6 weeks) by using the DHI ,The Patients will be randomly allocated Group A Patients was receive exercise protocol, Group B Was given the Brandt daroff exercise .this exercises were given on daily basis .After completion of 6 weeks of the treatment ,Both Group A and Group B were compared Statistical software: statistical software namely SPSS 15.0. Results and Conclusion: The study concluded that designed exercise protocol is effective to reducing dizziness in BPPV patients by measuring the DHI Scale.

Internet based study on management of functional disabilities of computer users.

Introduction: Internet is one of the fastest growing media for Human Resources and Development (HRD). Computer has become an essential part of our Activities of Daily Livings (ADLs) at one hand and other hand, prolonged computer usage has increases the risk of occupational hazards. Prolonged Static work at computer system is a causative factor for poor postural ergonomic, structural derangements and dysfunction commonly at neck, shoulder and low back structures to develop functional limitation and progressively functional disabilities. The basic health education (HE) by means of ergonomic advises and exercise therapy may have efficacy to promote, prevent and cure for such FDs. However, internet itself can be a mode of HE system to be provided at workplace to cut the time & cost together. Purpose of Study: To find the efficacy of IBM for FDs of the computer users. Materials: Internet supported computer, web-site (www.ptmovements.com), web pages, basic health assessment form, Self Reported FD Questioners, Neck Disability Index (NDI) & Back Pain Functional Scale (BPFS), Study Design: Experimental Clinical Trial Methodology: 1256 computer users (M=867) participated online and assess for inclusive & exclusive criterions. Internet based self reported FDs questioners used to assess FDs in prior and post to two weeks of tailor made treatment program. Data Analysis: significance of FDs and impact of IBM on FDs was analyzed with SPSS -17, LOS set at 0.05 or CI 95 % Result: mild to moderate prevalence of FDs was higher neck & shoulder as compared to low back structures. The IBM has shown efficiency to reduce the level of FDs at NDI, and BPFS. Discussion: The internet based health education (IBHE) is well possible to deliver and to reduce the FDs. The advantage of time & cost effective approach in IBM has facilitated keen interest among computer users. Conclusion: The IBHE is well efficient and prospective to develop scopes of “workplace wellness” to promote, prevents, and cures for occupational diseases & disorders. E-health education has great prospectus in field of modern medicine.

Cardiovascular responses with valsalva maneuver during activities of daily livings in healthy adults.

Purpose of Study: To measure CV responses in SLF, and SQ with & without VM, Study design: Cross sectional Observational study, Materials: assessment form, 36 SF Health Questionnaire, Modified Sphygmomanometer, BP apparatus, Nike-HRM-TRIAX, Methodology: 335 (M=146) subjects participated to perform SLF and SQ position with & without VM and SBP, DBP and HR were recorded. Data Analysis: SPSS -10.1, LOS was set at 0.05 or CI 95 %. Result: Study has shown significant increases in SBP in SQ and increase HR in SLF position with and without VM. Discussion: the impact of Heart Rate Variability and baroreflex sensitivity in CV system plays vital role in maintaining hemodynamic status while performing valsalva like activities. Conclusion: SQ has significant impact on SBP and DBP as compared to SLF position with and without VM as well as SLF position has a significant impact on HR as compared to SQ with VM, however these need to be taken into consideration while planning life style modification for high risk population.