Design of Filtration System for Aerated Sewage Water

The study investigated the potential of sand and activated charcoal filtration systems to enhance water quality for irrigation by treating aerated sewage effluent from. Setup involved a 60 cm deep sand filter connected as the inlet to another 30 cm deep sand filter and this filter linked as the inlet to a 30 cm deep charcoal filter. These filters were operated in series at hydraulic loading rates (HLR) of 60 m/h and 10 m/h. Notably, operating the filters in series at an HLR of 10 m/h yielded superior effluent water quality compared to an HLR of 60 m/h. System achieved significant removal efficiencies for turbidity, BOD5, COD, Total Nitrogen (Total-N), Total Phosphorous (Total-P) with 71.9%, 54.4%, 71.9%, 44.4%, 39.1%, and 42.9% with a 90 cm deep sand filter at an HLR of 10 m/h, and also with a combination of sand and charcoal filters at an HLR of 25 m/h system achieved 81.6%, 80.3%, 63.5%, 47.5%, and 64.3% respectively. We also examined the chemical characteristics of both untreated and treated sewage water samples, revealing a hierarchy of cation and anion prevalence as follows: Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ for cations, and Cl- > HCO3- > SO42- > CO32- for anions. Our study demonstrates that the combination of aeration and sand filtration effectively ensures safety by preventing water body pollution and unpleasant odours with high-quality treated wastewater suitable for sustainable agricultural use.

Estimation of Runoff by SWAT Model in Noyyal River Basin

Accurate assessment of water balance components holds paramount importance for the sustainable management of water resources in river basins. This study specifically concentrates on the application of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to evaluate water balance elements within the Noyyal River basin, a tributary of the Kaveri River originating from the Vellingiri hills in Western Tamil Nadu grapples with escalating water stress brought about by both anthropogenic activities and climatic fluctuations.The methodology adopted encompasses the harmonious integration of diverse spatial and temporal datasets. These datasets are seamlessly incorporated within the confines of a Geographic Information System (GIS) framework. Through the process of watershed delineation 21 sub-basin was partitioned and which is further subdivided into 217 unique Hydrological Response Units (HRUs) are derived, each corresponding to a distinct hydrological reaction. The simulation employs 33 years of daily precipitation, coupled with minimum and maximum temperature records, enabling the continuous execution of the SWAT model for runoff prediction. The findings elucidate fluctuating runoff volumes over time, spanning from a minimum of 11.17 mm to a maximum of 610.32 mm. Notably, the annual average runoff stands at 206.7 mm, representing approximately 25.6% of the cumulative rainfall experienced within the Noyyal river basin.

Assessing Land Use Dynamics of Lower Bhavani Basin Using Multiple GIS Platforms

Land use describes the actual form of land, such as a forest or open water and classification based on human utilization. Land use map provides the information about the current landscape of an area. In this study, the Lower Bhavani basin's land use and land cover were classified using GIS platforms and data from the Landsat 8 satellite. The platform utilized in this study were Semi-Automated Plugin (SAP) in QGIS and Random forest method in Google Earth Engine (GEE). The findings suggested that both platforms performed efficiently and displayed comparable percentages of land covered by various land use features. The accuracy of the resulting land use map was evaluated using a Google Earth image, and it was discovered that SAP and GEE hold 91.8% and 92.6% of the total accuracy. This study aids in evaluating and classifying the various Geographic Information System platforms land use trends.

Prevalence of Prehypertension and Hypertension among Urban and Rural School Going Children.

This school based cross sectional study was done to estimate the prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension among apparently healthy school children in urban and rural Mysore. Prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was 2.9% and 2.8% in urban children and 2.8% and 2% in rural children with no statistically significant difference between them.

Evaluation of tolerability and efficacy of glucosamine with chondroitin in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis – a double blind multicentre randomized prospective comparative study.

There are few comparative studies conducted with glucosamine [GlcN1 (glucosamine sulfate with potassium chloride), GlcN2 (glucosamine sulfate plus chondroitin sulfate) along with ChoN3 (chondroitin sulfate alone)] in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. In this study the treated groups were studied for alleviation of pain and joint stiffness with correlation of measurement of urinary pyridinium cross links such as pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr). Hence, this study was eventually planned to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of glucosamine with chondroitin sulfate treated groups. Urinary pyridinium crosslinks such as Pyr and Dpyr measurement are used to monitor the clinical status as well as bone turnover of OA patients. These two collagen crosslinks measured in urine, which provides information both on the pathogenesis of OA as well as the rate of bone turnover. The results of this study suggest that GlcN2 and ChoN3 can relieve pain, improving functional ability and joint mobility so as to enhance the quality of life for osteoarthritis patients.